Investigating the effects of impairment in non-verbal communication on neuropsychiatric symptoms and quality of life of people living with dementia

Leading by example: Nursing home staff experiences of what facilitates them to meaningfully engage with residents with advanced dementia

OBJECTIVES

Meaningful connections promote the quality of life of people living with advanced dementia in nursing homes. However, evidence internationally suggests people living with advanced dementia in nursing homes spend the majority of time alone, with little contact with anyone. Frontline care workers are in powerful positions to meaningfully engage with residents, yet research to date has not focused on their experiences. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of nursing home staff, specifically, what care workers feel enables them to meaningfully engage with residents living with advanced dementia.

METHODS/DESIGN

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 21 staff from seven nursing homes. Inductive thematic analysis was used.

RESULTS

Four themes were important for facilitating care workers to meaningfully engage with residents with advanced dementia: support from managers and nurses, support from experienced care workers, a caring culture and an appropriate physical environment.

CONCLUSION

Effective leadership was the key thread that ran throughout. It was evident that meaningfully engaging with residents with advanced dementia was hard, particularly for new or inexperienced care workers. Those with experience (of care work and the residents they cared for), as well as those in formal leadership positions played key roles in facilitating care workers to: perceive it was their role to connect, understand, accept and empathise with residents, understand the importance of getting to know residents' and express their own caring attributes. Future research should focus on empirically testing leadership models that promote meaningful engagement.