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Kong Q, Zhu Z, Xu Q, Yu F, Wang Q, Gu Z, Xia K, Jiang D, Kong H. Nature-Inspired Thylakoid-Based Photosynthetic Nanoarchitectures for Biomedical Applications. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2301143. [PMID: 38040986 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
"Drawing inspiration from nature" offers a wealth of creative possibilities for designing cutting-edge materials with improved properties and performance. Nature-inspired thylakoid-based nanoarchitectures, seamlessly integrate the inherent structures and functions of natural components with the diverse and controllable characteristics of nanotechnology. These innovative biomaterials have garnered significant attention for their potential in various biomedical applications. Thylakoids possess fundamental traits such as light harvesting, oxygen evolution, and photosynthesis. Through the integration of artificially fabricated nanostructures with distinct physical and chemical properties, novel photosynthetic nanoarchitectures can be catalytically generated, offering versatile functionalities for diverse biomedical applications. In this article, an overview of the properties and extraction methods of thylakoids are provided. Additionally, the recent advancements in the design, preparation, functions, and biomedical applications of a range of thylakoid-based photosynthetic nanoarchitectures are reviewed. Finally, the foreseeable challenges and future prospects in this field is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunshou Kong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, The Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhimin Zhu
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qin Xu
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Feng Yu
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Qisheng Wang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Zhihua Gu
- Shanghai Pudong TCM Hospital, Shanghai, 201205, China
| | - Kai Xia
- Shanghai Frontier Innovation Research Institute, Shanghai, 201108, China
- Xiangfu Laboratory, Jiashan, 314102, China
- Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Dawei Jiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, The Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Huating Kong
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
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Zhang J, Teng F, Hu B, Liu W, Huang Y, Wu J, Wang Y, Su H, Yang S, Zhang L, Guo L, Lei Z, Yan M, Xu X, Wang R, Bao Q, Dong Q, Long J, Qian K. Early Diagnosis and Prognosis Prediction of Pancreatic Cancer Using Engineered Hybrid Core-Shells in Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2311431. [PMID: 38241281 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Effective detection of bio-molecules relies on the precise design and preparation of materials, particularly in laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS). Despite significant advancements in substrate materials, the performance of single-structured substrates remains suboptimal for LDI-MS analysis of complex systems. Herein, designer Au@SiO2@ZrO2 core-shell substrates are developed for LDI-MS-based early diagnosis and prognosis of pancreatic cancer (PC). Through controlling Au core size and ZrO2 shell crystallization, signal amplification of metabolites up to 3 orders is not only achieved, but also the synergistic mechanism of the LDI process is revealed. The optimized Au@SiO2@ZrO2 enables a direct record of serum metabolic fingerprints (SMFs) by LDI-MS. Subsequently, SMFs are employed to distinguish early PC (stage I/II) from controls, with an accuracy of 92%. Moreover, a prognostic prediction scoring system is established with enhanced efficacy in predicting PC survival compared to CA19-9 (p < 0.05). This work contributes to material-based cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, School of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Medical Robotics and Shanghai Academy of Experimental Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Fei Teng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201199, China
- Key Laboratory of Whole-Period Monitoring and Precise Intervention of Digestive Cancer, Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201199, China
| | - Beiyuan Hu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Wanshan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, School of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Medical Robotics and Shanghai Academy of Experimental Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yida Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, School of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Medical Robotics and Shanghai Academy of Experimental Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Jiao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, School of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Medical Robotics and Shanghai Academy of Experimental Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yuning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, School of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Medical Robotics and Shanghai Academy of Experimental Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Haiyang Su
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, School of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Medical Robotics and Shanghai Academy of Experimental Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Shouzhi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, School of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Medical Robotics and Shanghai Academy of Experimental Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Lumin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Whole-Period Monitoring and Precise Intervention of Digestive Cancer, Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201199, China
| | - Lingchuan Guo
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, China
| | - Zhe Lei
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, China
| | - Meng Yan
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, China
| | - Xiaoyu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, School of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Medical Robotics and Shanghai Academy of Experimental Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Ruimin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, School of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Medical Robotics and Shanghai Academy of Experimental Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Qingui Bao
- Fosun Diagnostics (Shanghai) Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 200435, China
| | - Qiongzhu Dong
- Key Laboratory of Whole-Period Monitoring and Precise Intervention of Digestive Cancer, Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201199, China
| | - Jiang Long
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Kun Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, School of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Medical Robotics and Shanghai Academy of Experimental Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
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Bai Y, Wang Z, He X, Zhu Y, Xu X, Yang H, Mei G, Chen S, Ma B, Zhu R. Application of Bioactive Materials for Osteogenic Function in Bone Tissue Engineering. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2301283. [PMID: 38509851 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Bone tissue defects present a major challenge in orthopedic surgery. Bone tissue engineering using multiple versatile bioactive materials is a potential strategy for bone-defect repair and regeneration. Due to their unique physicochemical and mechanical properties, biofunctional materials can enhance cellular adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation, thereby supporting and stimulating the formation of new bone tissue. 3D bioprinting and physical stimuli-responsive strategies have been employed in various studies on bone regeneration for the fabrication of desired multifunctional biomaterials with integrated bone tissue repair and regeneration properties. In this review, biomaterials applied to bone tissue engineering, emerging 3D bioprinting techniques, and physical stimuli-responsive strategies for the rational manufacturing of novel biomaterials with bone therapeutic and regenerative functions are summarized. Furthermore, the impact of biomaterials on the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells and the potential pathways associated with biomaterial-induced osteogenesis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Bai
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, School of Life Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Zhaojie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, School of Life Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Xiaolie He
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, School of Life Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Yanjing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, School of Life Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Xu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, School of Life Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Huiyi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, School of Life Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Guangyu Mei
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, School of Life Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Shengguang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, School of Life Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Gongli Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 200135, China
| | - Bei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, School of Life Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Rongrong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, School of Life Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
- Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
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Chen L, Wu Y, Zhang W, Shen W, Song J. Imaging-Guided Antibacterial Based on Gold Nanocrystals and Assemblies. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2301165. [PMID: 37798919 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial infection becomes a severe threat to human life and health worldwide. Antibiotics with the ability to resist pathogenic bacteria are therefore widely used, but the misuse or abuse of antibiotics can generate multidrug-resistant bacteria or resistant biofilms. Advanced antibacterial technologies are needed to counter the rapid emergence of drug-resistant bacteria. With the excellent optical properties, engineerable surface chemistry, neglectable biotoxicity, gold nanocrystals are particularly attractive in biomedicine for cancer therapy and antibacterial therapy, as well as nanoprobes for bioimaging and disease diagnosis. In this perspective, gold nanocrystal-based antibacterial performance and deep-tissue imaging are summarized, including near-infrared-light excited photoacoustic imaging and fluorescence imaging through deep tissue infections. On the basis of integrating "imaging-therapy-targeting" in single nanotheranostic, the current challenges of imaging-guided antibacterial and therapy based on gold nanocrystals are discussed, and some insights are provided into the gold nanocrystal-based nanoplatform that integrates antibacterial activity and therapy. This perspective is expected to provide comprehensive guidance for diagnosing and combating bacterial infections based on gold nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Ying Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 10010, China
| | - Wencheng Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Hexi, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Wenbin Shen
- Department of Radiotherapy, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Jibin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 10010, China
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Li T, Luo R, Su L, Lv F, Mei L, Yu Y. Advanced Materials and Delivery Systems for Enhancement of Chimeric Antigen Receptor Cells. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2300880. [PMID: 37653606 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) cell therapy is a great success and breakthrough in immunotherapy. However, there are still lots of barriers to its wide use in clinical, including long time consumption, high cost, and failure against solid tumors. For these challenges, researches are deplored to explore CAR cells to more appliable products in clinical. This minireview focuses on the advanced non-viral materials for CAR-T transfection ex vivo with better performance, delivery systems combined with other therapy for enhancement of CAR-T therapy in solid tumors. In addition, the targeted delivery platform for CAR cells in vivo generation as a breakthrough technology as its low cost and convenience. In the end, the prospective direction and future of CAR cell therapy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingxuan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, P. R. China
| | - Ran Luo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, P. R. China
| | - Lina Su
- Department of Pharmacy, Qujing Medical College, Qujing, Yunnan, 655000, P. R. China
| | - Feng Lv
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, P. R. China
| | - Lin Mei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, P. R. China
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P. R. China
| | - Yongkang Yu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, P. R. China
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Wang M, Liu H, Fan K. Signal Amplification Strategy Design in Nanozyme-Based Biosensors for Highly Sensitive Detection of Trace Biomarkers. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2301049. [PMID: 37817364 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanozymes show great promise in enhancing disease biomarker sensing by leveraging their physicochemical properties and enzymatic activities. These qualities facilitate signal amplification and matrix effects reduction, thus boosting biomarker sensing performance. In this review, recent studies from the last five years, concentrating on disease biomarker detection improvement through nanozyme-based biosensing are examined. This enhancement primarily involves the modulations of the size, morphology, doping, modification, electromagnetic mechanisms, electron conduction efficiency, and surface plasmon resonance effects of nanozymes for increased sensitivity. In addition, a comprehensive description of the synthesis and tuning strategies employed for nanozymes has been provided. This includes a detailed elucidation of their catalytic mechanisms in alignment with the fundamental principles of enhanced sensing technology, accompanied by the presentation of quantitatively analyzed results. Moreover, the diverse applications of nanozymes in strip sensing, colorimetric sensing, electrochemical sensing, and surface-enhanced Raman scattering have been outlined. Additionally, the limitations, challenges, and corresponding recommendations concerning the application of nanozymes in biosensing have been summarized. Furthermore, insights have been offered into the future development and outlook of nanozymes for biosensing. This review aims to serve not only as a reference for enhancing the sensitivity of nanozyme-based biosensors but also as a catalyst for exploring nanozyme properties and their broader applications in biosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Urinary Minimally Invasive Surgery Robot and Intelligent Equipment, Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510230, China
| | - Hongxing Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Urinary Minimally Invasive Surgery Robot and Intelligent Equipment, Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510230, China
| | - Kelong Fan
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme, Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
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Hou J, Xianyu Y. Tailoring the Surface and Composition of Nanozymes for Enhanced Bacterial Binding and Antibacterial Activity. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302640. [PMID: 37322391 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
With the advantages of diverse structures, tunable enzymatic activity, and high stability, nanozymes are widely used in medicine, chemistry, food, environment, and other fields. As an alternative to traditional antibiotics, nanozymes attract more and more attention from the scientific researchers in recent years. Developing nanozymes-based antibacterial materials opens up a new avenue for the bacterial disinfection and sterilization. In this review, the classification of nanozymes and their antibacterial mechanisms are discussed. The surface and composition of nanozymes are critical for the antibacterial efficacy, which can be tailored to enhance both the bacterial binding and the antibacterial activity. On the one hand, the surface modification of nanozymes enables binding and targeting of bacteria that improves the antibacterial performance of nanozymes including the biochemical recognition, the surface charge, and the surface topography. On the other hand, the composition of nanozymes can be modulated to achieve enhanced antibacterial performance including the single nanozyme-mediated synergistic and multiple nanozymes-mediated cascade catalytic antibacterial applications. In addition, the current challenges and future prospects of tailoring nanozymes for antibacterial applications are discussed. This review can provide insights into the design of future nanozymes-based materials for the antibacterial treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjie Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yunlei Xianyu
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou, 310016, P. R. China
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, 315100, P. R. China
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P N N, Mehla S, Begum A, Chaturvedi HK, Ojha R, Hartinger C, Plebanski M, Bhargava SK. Smart Nanozymes for Cancer Therapy: The Next Frontier in Oncology. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300768. [PMID: 37392379 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials that mimic the catalytic activity of natural enzymes in the complex biological environment of the human body are called nanozymes. Recently, nanozyme systems have been reported with diagnostic, imaging, and/or therapeutic capabilities. Smart nanozymes strategically exploit the tumor microenvironment (TME) by the in situ generation of reactive species or by the modulation of the TME itself to result in effective cancer therapy. This topical review focuses on such smart nanozymes for cancer diagnosis, and therapy modalities with enhanced therapeutic effects. The dominant factors that guide the rational design and synthesis of nanozymes for cancer therapy include an understanding of the dynamic TME, structure-activity relationships, surface chemistry for imparting selectivity, and site-specific therapy, and stimulus-responsive modulation of nanozyme activity. This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the subject including the diverse catalytic mechanisms of different types of nanozyme systems, an overview of the TME, cancer diagnosis, and synergistic cancer therapies. The strategic application of nanozymes in cancer treatment can well be a game changer in future oncology. Moreover, recent developments may pave the way for the deployment of nanozyme therapy into other complex healthcare challenges, such as genetic diseases, immune disorders, and ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navya P N
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry, School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, 3000, Australia
| | - Sunil Mehla
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry, School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, 3000, Australia
| | - Amrin Begum
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry, School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, 3000, Australia
| | - Harit K Chaturvedi
- Head Surgical Oncologist, Max Institute of Cancer Care, Delhi, 110024, India
| | - Ruchika Ojha
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry, School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, 3000, Australia
| | - Christian Hartinger
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, Private Bag, 92019, New Zealand
| | - Magdalena Plebanski
- Cancer, Ageing and Vaccines Research Group, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, 3000, Australia
| | - Suresh K Bhargava
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry, School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, 3000, Australia
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9
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Hu S, Wang L, Li J, Li D, Zeng H, Chen T, Li L, Xiang X. Catechol-Modified and MnO 2-Nanozyme-Reinforced Hydrogel with Improved Antioxidant and Antibacterial Capacity for Periodontitis Treatment. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:5332-5346. [PMID: 37642176 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease characterized by tooth loss and alveolar bone resorption. Bacteria are the original cause of periodontitis, and excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) encourage and intensify inflammation. In this study, a mussel-inspired and MnO2 NPs-reinforced adhesive hydrogel capable of alleviating periodontitis with improved antibacterial and antioxidant abilities was developed. The hydrogel was created by combining polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), 3,4-dihydroxy-d-phenylalanine (DOPA), and MnO2 nanoparticles (NPs) (named PDMO hydrogel). The hydrogel was demonstrated to be able to scavenge various free radicals (including total ROS─O2•- and OH•) and relieve the hypoxia in an inflammatory microenvironment by scavenging excess ROS and generating O2 due to its superoxide dismutase (SOD)/catalase (CAT)-like activity. Besides, under 808 nm near-infrared (NIR) light, the photothermal performance of the PDMO hydrogel displayed favorable antibacterial and antibiofilm effects toward Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Porphyromonas gingivalis (up to nearly 100% antibacterial rate). Furthermore, the PDMO hydrogel exhibited favorable therapeutic efficacy in alleviating gingivitis in Sprague-Dawley rats, even comparable to or better than the commercial PERIO. In addition, in the periodontitis models, the PDMO2 group showed the height of the residual alveolar bone and the smallest shadow area of low density among other groups, indicating the positive role of the PDMO2 hydrogel in bone regeneration. Finally, the biosafety of the PDMO hydrogel was comprehensively investigated, and the hydrogel was demonstrated to have good biocompatibility. Therefore, the developed PDMO hydrogel provided an effective solution to resolve biofilm recolonization and oxidative stress in periodontitis and could be a superior candidate for local drug delivery system in the clinical management of periodontitis with great potential for future clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Hu
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, P. R. China
| | - Liping Wang
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, P. R. China
| | - Jiao Li
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, P. R. China
| | - Dize Li
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, P. R. China
| | - Huan Zeng
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, P. R. China
| | - Tao Chen
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, P. R. China
| | - Lingjie Li
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, P. R. China
| | - Xuerong Xiang
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, P. R. China
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10
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Abstract
With the rapid development of nanotechnology, nanozymes are regarded as excellent substitutes for natural enzymes due to their high activity, convenient preparation, low cost, robust stability and other unique properties of nanomaterials. In biomedical applications, the always-on activity of nanozymes is undesirable as it poses a potential threat to normal tissues. Stimuli-responsive nanozymes were designed to manipulate the activities of nanozymes. This review introduces two types of stimuli-responsive nanozymes. One is smart responsive nanozymes with stimuli-switchable activities, further divided into those with on/off switchable activity and one/another switchable activity. Another is nanozymes exhibiting responsive release from specific carriers. Additionally, the biomedical applications of stimuli-responsive nanozymes in cancer therapy, antibacterial therapy, biosensing and anti-inflammatory therapy are briefly reviewed. Finally, we address the challenges and prospects in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengli Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Weijun Tong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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11
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Li X, Ou W, Xie M, Yang J, Li Q, Li T. Nanomedicine-Based Therapeutics for Myocardial Ischemic/Reperfusion Injury. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300161. [PMID: 36971662 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemic/reperfusion (IR) injury is a global cardiovascular disease with high mortality and morbidity. Therapeutic interventions for myocardial ischemia involve restoring the occluded coronary artery. However, reactive oxygen species (ROS) inevitably impair the cardiomyocytes during the ischemic and reperfusion phases. Antioxidant therapy holds great promise against myocardial IR injury. The current therapeutic methodologies for ROS scavenging depend predominantly on administering antioxidants. Nevertheless, the intrinsic drawbacks of antioxidants limit their further clinical transformation. The use of nanoplatforms with versatile characteristics greatly benefits drug delivery in myocardial ischemic therapy. Nanoplatform-mediated drug delivery significantly improves drug bioavailability, increases therapeutic index, and reduces systemic toxicity. Nanoplatforms can be specifically and reasonably designed to enhance molecule accumulation at the myocardial site. The present review initially summarizes the mechanism of ROS generation during the process of myocardial ischemia. The understanding of this phenomenon will facilitate the advancement of innovative therapeutic strategies against myocardial IR injury. The latest developments in nanomedicine for treating myocardial ischemic injury are then discussed. Finally, the current challenges and perspectives in antioxidant therapy for myocardial IR injury are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Wei Ou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, 637000, P. R. China
| | - Maodi Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
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12
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Nurtay L, Benassi E, Nazir F, Dastan D, Utupova A, Dautov A, Dukenbayev K, Xie Y, Pham TT, Fan H. Novel carbon nanozymes with enhanced phosphatase-like catalytic activity for antimicrobial applications. DISCOVER NANO 2023; 18:76. [PMID: 37382706 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-023-03856-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
In this work, Sulfur and Nitrogen co-doped carbon nanoparticles (SN-CNPs) were synthesized by hydrothermal method using dried beet powder as the carbon source. TEM and AFM images indicated that these SN-CNPs form a round-shape ball with an approximate diameter of 50 nm. The presence of Sulfur and Nitrogen in these carbon-based nanoparticles was confirmed by FTIR and XPS analyses. These SN-CNPs were found to have strong phosphatase-like enzymatic activity. The enzymatic behavior of SN-CNPs follows the Michaelis-Menten mechanism with greater vmax and much lower Km values compared to alkaline phosphatase. Their antimicrobial properties were tested on E. coli and L. lactis, with MIC values of 63 μg mL-1 and 250 μg mL-1, respectively. SEM and AFM images of fixed and live E. coli cells revealed that SN-CNPs strongly interacted with the outer membranes of bacterial cells, significantly increasing the cell surface roughness. The chemical interaction between SN-CNPs and phospholipid modeled using quantum mechanical calculations further support our hypothesis that the phosphatase and antimicrobial properties of SN-CNPs are due to the thiol group on the SN-CNPs, which is a mimic of the cysteine-based protein phosphatase. The present work is the first to report carbon-based nanoparticles with strong phosphatase activity and propose a phosphatase natured antimicrobial mechanism. This novel class of carbon nanozymes has the potential to be used for effective catalytic and antibacterial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lazzat Nurtay
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Qabanbay Batyr 53, Nursultan, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Enrico Benassi
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 2, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090.
| | - Faisal Nazir
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University Nazarbayev University, Qabanbay Batyr 53, Nursultan, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Dana Dastan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Qabanbay Batyr 53, Nursultan, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Assem Utupova
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Qabanbay Batyr 53, Nursultan, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Adilet Dautov
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University Nazarbayev University, Qabanbay Batyr 53, Nursultan, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Kanat Dukenbayev
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University Nazarbayev University, Qabanbay Batyr 53, Nursultan, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Yingqiu Xie
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University Nazarbayev University, Qabanbay Batyr 53, Nursultan, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Tri T Pham
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University Nazarbayev University, Qabanbay Batyr 53, Nursultan, 010000, Kazakhstan.
| | - Haiyan Fan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Qabanbay Batyr 53, Nursultan, 010000, Kazakhstan.
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13
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Zhang S, Zhang R, Yan X, Fan K. Nanozyme-Based Artificial Organelles: An Emerging Direction for Artificial Organelles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2202294. [PMID: 35869033 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202202294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Artificial organelles are compartmentalized nanoreactors, in which enzymes or enzyme-mimic catalysts exhibit cascade catalytic activities to mimic the functions of natural organelles. Importantly, research on artificial organelles paves the way for the bottom-up design of synthetic cells. Due to the separation effect of microcompartments, the catalytic reactions of enzymes are performed without the influence of the surrounding medium. The current techniques for synthesizing artificial organelles rely on the strategies of encapsulating enzymes into vesicle-structured materials or reconstituting enzymes onto the microcompartment materials. However, there are still some problems including limited functions, unregulated activities, and difficulty in targeting delivery that hamper the applications of artificial organelles. The emergence of nanozymes (nanomaterials with enzyme-like activities) provides novel ideas for the fabrication of artificial organelles. Compared with natural enzymes, nanozymes are featured with multiple enzymatic activities, higher stability, easier to synthesize, lower cost, and excellent recyclability. Herein, the most recent advances in nanozyme-based artificial organelles are summarized. Moreover, the benefits of compartmental structures for the applications of nanozymes, as well as the functional requirements of microcompartment materials are also introduced. Finally, the potential applications of nanozyme-based artificial organelles in biomedicine and the related challenges are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhang
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme, Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ruofei Zhang
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme, Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xiyun Yan
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme, Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Nanozyme Medical Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Kelong Fan
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme, Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Nanozyme Medical Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
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14
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Cao C, Yang N, Su Y, Zhang Z, Wang C, Song X, Chen P, Wang W, Dong X. Starvation, Ferroptosis, and Prodrug Therapy Synergistically Enabled by a Cytochrome c Oxidase like Nanozyme. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2203236. [PMID: 35562328 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202203236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanozymes, which are inorganic nanomaterials mimicking natural enzyme activities, are bringing enormous opportunities to theranostics. Herein, a cytochrome c oxidase-like nanozyme (copper-silver alloy nanoparticle, Cu-Ag NP) is demonstrated for nanocatalytic cancer therapy. Loaded with bioreductive predrug (AQ4N), this Cu-Ag nanozyme unprecedentedly enables simultaneous starvation, ferroptosis, and chemical therapy with high specificity, and is able to totally eliminate tumor and greatly prolong the survival rate for 4T1-tumor-bearing mice. The underlying working mechanism is revealed both experimentally and theoretically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Nan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Yan Su
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Zheye Zhang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
| | - Chenxi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Xuejiao Song
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Peng Chen
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
| | - Wenjun Wang
- School of Physical Science and Information Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China
| | - Xiaochen Dong
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, China
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15
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Liu Y, Xu B, Lu M, Li S, Guo J, Chen F, Xiong X, Yin Z, Liu H, Zhou D. Ultrasmall Fe-doped carbon dots nanozymes for photoenhanced antibacterial therapy and wound healing. Bioact Mater 2022; 12:246-256. [PMID: 35310377 PMCID: PMC8897311 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic bacteria pose a devastating threat to public health. However, because of the growing bacterial antibiotic resistance, there is an urgent need to develop alternative antibacterial strategies to the established antibiotics. Herein, iron-doped carbon dots (Fe-CDs, ∼3 nm) nanozymes with excellent photothermal conversion and photoenhanced enzyme-like properties are developed through a facile one-pot pyrolysis approach for synergistic efficient antibacterial therapy and wound healing. In particular, Fe doping endows CDs with photoenhanced peroxidase (POD)-like activity, which lead to the generation of heat and reactive oxygen species (ROS) for Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria killing. This study demonstrates Fe-CDs have significant wound healing efficiency of Fe-CDs by preventing infection, promoting fibroblast proliferation, angiogenesis, and collagen deposition. Furthermore, the ultrasmall size of Fe-CDs possesses good biocompatibility favoring clinical translation. We believe that the nanozyme-mediated therapeutic platform presented here is expected to show promising applications in antibacterial. Iron doped carbon dots (Fe-CDs, ~3 nm) exhibited excellent photothermal conversion and photoenhanced enzyme-like properties. Fe-CDs as nanozyme and photothermal agent possess outstanding antibacterial ratio against both S. aureus and E. coli. The photoresponsive nanozyme-mediated therapeutic platform exhibited great promise for bacterial-infected wound healing.
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16
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Chen J, Fu S, Zhang C, Liu H, Su X. DNA Logic Circuits for Cancer Theranostics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2108008. [PMID: 35254723 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202108008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cancer diagnosis and therapeutics (theranostics) based on the tumor microenvironment (TME) and biomarkers has been an emerging approach for precision medicine. DNA nanotechnology dynamically controls the self-assembly of DNA molecules at the nanometer scale to construct intelligent DNA chemical reaction systems. The DNA logic circuit is a particularly emerging approach for computing within the DNA chemical systems. DNA logic circuits can sensitively respond to tumor-specific markers and the TME through logic operations and signal amplification, to generate detectable signals or to release anti-cancer agents. In this review, the fundamental concepts of DNA logic circuits are clarified, the basic modules in the circuit are summarized, and how this advanced nano-assembly circuit responds to tumor-related molecules, how to perform logic operations, to realize signal amplification, and selectively release drugs through discussing over 30 application examples, are demonstrated. This review shows that DNA logic circuits have powerful logic judgment and signal amplification functions in improving the specificity and sensitivity of cancer diagnosis and making cancer treatment controllable. In the future, researchers are expected to overcome the existing shortcomings of DNA logic circuits and design smarter DNA devices with better biocompatibility and stability, which will further promote the development of cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Shengnan Fu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Chunyi Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Huiyu Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xin Su
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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17
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Abstract
Nanozyme is a series of nanomaterials with enzyme-mimetic activities that can proceed with the catalytic reactions of natural enzymes. In the field of biomedicine, nanozymes are capturing tremendous attention due to their high stability and low cost. Enzyme-mimetic activities of nanozymes can be regulated by multiple factors, such as the chemical state of metal ion, pH, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and glutathione (GSH) level, presenting great promise for biomedical applications. Over the past decade, multi-functional nanozymes have been developed for various biomedical applications. To promote the understandings of nanozymes and the development of novel and multifunctional nanozymes, we herein provide a comprehensive review of the nanozymes and their applications in the biomedical field. Nanozymes with versatile enzyme-like properties are briefly overviewed, and their mechanism and application are discussed to provide understandings for future research. Finally, underlying challenges and prospects of nanozymes in the biomedical frontier are discussed in this review.
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18
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Liu Q, Zhang A, Wang R, Zhang Q, Cui D. A Review on Metal- and Metal Oxide-Based Nanozymes: Properties, Mechanisms, and Applications. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2021; 13:154. [PMID: 34241715 PMCID: PMC8271064 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-021-00674-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Since the ferromagnetic (Fe3O4) nanoparticles were firstly reported to exert enzyme-like activity in 2007, extensive research progress in nanozymes has been made with deep investigation of diverse nanozymes and rapid development of related nanotechnologies. As promising alternatives for natural enzymes, nanozymes have broadened the way toward clinical medicine, food safety, environmental monitoring, and chemical production. The past decade has witnessed the rapid development of metal- and metal oxide-based nanozymes owing to their remarkable physicochemical properties in parallel with low cost, high stability, and easy storage. It is widely known that the deep study of catalytic activities and mechanism sheds significant influence on the applications of nanozymes. This review digs into the characteristics and intrinsic properties of metal- and metal oxide-based nanozymes, especially emphasizing their catalytic mechanism and recent applications in biological analysis, relieving inflammation, antibacterial, and cancer therapy. We also conclude the present challenges and provide insights into the future research of nanozymes constituted of metal and metal oxide nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Liu
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan RD, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology, 28 Jiangchuan Easternroad, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Amin Zhang
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan RD, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology, 28 Jiangchuan Easternroad, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ruhao Wang
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan RD, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology, 28 Jiangchuan Easternroad, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan RD, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology, 28 Jiangchuan Easternroad, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Daxiang Cui
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan RD, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology, 28 Jiangchuan Easternroad, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China.
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