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Just D, Dzienia A, Milowska KZ, Mielańczyk A, Janas D. High-yield and chirality-selective isolation of single-walled carbon nanotubes using conjugated polymers and small molecular chaperones. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:758-767. [PMID: 37991874 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh01687k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have potential for a wide range of applications in diverse fields, but the heterogeneous properties of the synthesized mixtures of SWCNT types hinder the realization of these aspirations. Recent developments in extractive purification methods of polychiral SWCNT mixtures have somewhat gradually alleviated this problem, but either the yield or purity of the obtained fractions remains unsatisfactory. In this work, we showed the possibility of simultaneously achieving both the aforementioned goals, commonly considered mutually exclusive, via the enhancement of the capabilities of the conjugated polymer extraction (CPE) technique. We found that combining small molecular species, which alone are unwanted in the system, with a selective poly(9,9'-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl-alt-6,6'-(2,2'-bipyridine)) polymer increased the concentration of the harvested SWCNTs by an order of magnitude while maintaining near-monochiral purity of the materials. The conducted modeling revealed that the presence of these additives facilitated the folding of conjugated polymers around (6,5) SWCNTs, leading to a substantial increase in the concentration and quality of the SWCNT suspension. The obtained results lay the foundation for the widescale implementation of the CPE of usually scarcely available chirality-defined SWCNTs owing to the molecular chaperones expediting the folding of the conjugated polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Just
- Department of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland.
| | - A Dzienia
- Department of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland.
| | - K Z Milowska
- CIC nanoGUNE, Donostia-San Sebastián 20018, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 48013, Spain
| | - A Mielańczyk
- Department of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland.
| | - D Janas
- Department of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland.
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Trung VQ, Duong TTT, Dua NT, Linh NN, Cuong LD, Thao DP, Huy VK, Phuong NHH, Hien N, Linh DK, Manh VQ, Chinh NT, Hoang T, Van Meervelt L. Synthesis and characterization of some novel polythiophene derivatives containing pyrazoline. Des Monomers Polym 2022; 25:136-147. [PMID: 35693727 PMCID: PMC9186369 DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2022.2086413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Eight polythiophene derivatives containing pyrazoline side groups were synthesized by a chemical oxidative coupling polymerization using FeCl3. The crystal structures of four monomers were determined which confirm the almost perpendicular orientation of the thiophene and pyrazoline rings, while the other substituents are more coplanar. Analyses of IR, 1H-NMR, Raman and UV-Vis spectra demonstrated that the suggested polymerization was successful to generate the synthesized polythiophenes with the expected structures. The morphology of the synthesized polythiophenes was studied by SEM. The different substituents attached to the 1- and 3-positions of the pyrazoline side chain led to differences in optical properties, electrical conductivity, and thermal stability of the synthesized polythiophenes. By adding a pyrazoline side chain to polythiophenes, some polymers achieve good solubility, electrical conductivity of about 1.3 × 10–6 S/cm, high fluorescence intensity (above 40,000 a.u.) at 505–550 nm and thermal stability up to 590°C in the air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vu Quoc Trung
- Faculty of Chemistry, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Nguyen Thi Dua
- Faculty of Chemistry, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | | | | | - Vo Khac Huy
- HUS High School for Gifted Student, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Nguyen Hien
- Faculty of Chemistry, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Duong Khanh Linh
- Faculty of Chemistry, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Vu Quoc Manh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Thanh Do University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thuy Chinh
- Institute for Tropical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thai Hoang
- Institute for Tropical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Luc Van Meervelt
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Biomolecular Architecture, Leuven (Heverlee), Belgium
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He B, Huang J, Zhang J, Liu X, Wang D, Sung HHY, Liu Y, Qin A, Lam JWY, Tang BZ. In-situ generation of poly(quinolizine)s via catalyst-free polyannulations of activated diyne and pyridines. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-021-1225-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Vu Quoc T, Do Ba D, Tran Thi Thuy D, Nguyen Ngoc L, Nguyen Thuy C, Vu Thi H, Khanh LD, Doan Thi Yen O, Thai H, Long VC, Talu S, Nguyen Trong D. DFT study on some polythiophenes containing benzo[ d]thiazole and benzo[ d]oxazole: structure and band gap. Des Monomers Polym 2021; 24:274-284. [PMID: 34512118 PMCID: PMC8425698 DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2021.1971376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The content of this paper focuses/shed light on the effects of X (X = S in P1 and X = O in P2) in C11H7NSX and R (R = H in P3, R = OCH3 in P4, and R = Cl in P5) in C18H9ON2S2-R on structural features and band gaps of the polythiophenes containing benzo[d]thiazole and benzo[d]oxazole by the Density Function Theory (DFT) method/calculation. The structural features including the electronic structure lattice constant (a), shape, total energy (Etot) per cell, and link length (r), are measured via band gap (Eg) prediction with the package of country density (PDOS) and total country density (DOS) of material studio software. The results obtained showed that the link angle and the link length between atoms were not changed significantly while the Etot was decreased from Etot = - 1904 eV (in P1) to Etot = - 2548 eV (in P2) when replacing O with S; and the Etot of P3 was decreased from Etot = - 3348 eV (in P3) when replacing OCH3, Cl on H of P3 corresponding to Etot = - 3575 eV (P4), - 4264 eV (P5). Similarly, when replacing O in P1 with - S to form P2, the Eg of P1 was dropped from Eg = 0.621 eV to Eg = 0.239 eV for P2. The Eg of P3, P4, and P5 is Eg = 0.006 eV, 0.064 eV, and 0.0645 eV, respectively. When a benzo[d]thiazole was added in P1 (changing into P3), the Eg was extremely strongly decreased, nearly 100 times (from Eg = 0.621 eV to Eg = 0.006 eV). The obtained results serve as a basis for future experimental work and used to fabricate smart electronic device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trung Vu Quoc
- Faculty of Chemistry, Hanoi National University of Education, Cau Giay, Hanoi
| | - Dai Do Ba
- Nguyen Trai High School, Ba Dinh, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Linh Nguyen Ngoc
- Faculty of Training Bachelor of Practice, Thanh Do University, Kim Chung, Hoai Duc, Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Chinh Nguyen Thuy
- Institute for Tropical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Huong Vu Thi
- Faculty of Chemistry, Hanoi National University of Education, Cau Giay, Hanoi
| | - Linh Duong Khanh
- Faculty of Chemistry, Hanoi National University of Education, Cau Giay, Hanoi
| | - Oanh Doan Thi Yen
- Publishing House for Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Thai
- Institute for Tropical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Van Cao Long
- Institute of Physics, University of Zielona Góra, Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Stefan Talu
- Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, The Directorate of Research, Development and Innovation Management (DMCDI), Cluj county, Romania
| | - Dung Nguyen Trong
- Institute of Physics, University of Zielona Góra, Zielona Góra, Poland
- Faculty of Physics, Hanoi National University of Education, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
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