1
|
Islam MS, Mondal AK, Auwul MR, Islam T, Islam O, Yasmin A, Mahmud MAA, Haque AZ, Begum M, Tipu JH, Mojumder Y, Roy M, Islam MA. Assessment of knowledge, attitudes, and practices on vaccine usage among small ruminant farmers in the Northern Region of Bangladesh. Vet World 2024; 17:1435-1448. [PMID: 39185055 PMCID: PMC11344116 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2024.1435-1448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Small ruminants require vaccines to prevent and manage diseases. Unfortunately, no studies have been conducted in Bangladesh to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of small ruminant farmers (SRF) regarding vaccine use against infectious diseases, affecting the success of vaccination campaigns. The present study aims to assess SRF's KAP regarding vaccines, revealing gaps and barriers to efficient vaccination. Materials and Methods Two hundred and twenty-eight SRF in northern Bangladesh were surveyed in a cross-sectional study. Data were collected from random participants through face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire. KAP levels were categorized as "good" or "poor" and "positive" or "negative" using a scoring method with a 60% cutoff. The analysis comprised the utilization of descriptive statistics as well as logistic regression models. Results Results showed that most participants were female (60.5%), aged 31-40 (34.2%), with secondary education (28.1%), and vaccination training (22.8%). While 75% knew about vaccines, only 37.3% understood their role in preventing infectious diseases, and 63.6% in reducing antibiotic use 68.4% of farmers were aware of negative drawbacks, and 61.8% reported vaccinating their herds. About 42.1% of the farmers had good knowledge, 52.6% had a positive attitude, and 22.8% followed good practices. Female farmers with graduate degrees and 6-10 years of goat farming experience, but not those with vaccination training, demonstrated stronger knowledge. Female farmers with a graduate degree and 6-10 years of goat farming experience displayed positive attitudes. Female goat farmers from Thakurgaon had a higher likelihood of following good vaccination practices than those with vaccination training. Conclusion The study unearths disparities in KAP scores among farmers. To effectively address KAP gaps concerning vaccine usage and prevent potential infectious diseases, it is essential to design focused educational and training programs. About 52.6% of SRF hold a positive view toward vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Sodrul Islam
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Apurbo Kumar Mondal
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Rabiul Auwul
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Tahrima Islam
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Obaidul Islam
- Laboratory of Veterinary Epidemiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Afroja Yasmin
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Abdullah Al Mahmud
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | | | - Mahmuda Begum
- Department of Livestock Production and Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Jahid Hasan Tipu
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Ysharzya Mojumder
- Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Manna Roy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Ashraful Islam
- Department of Livestock Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Laboratory of Veterinary Laboratory Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Han JH, Yoo DS, Lee CM. Effect of a Mismatched Vaccine against the Outbreak of a Novel FMD Strain in a Pig Population. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3082. [PMID: 37835688 PMCID: PMC10571925 DOI: 10.3390/ani13193082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In December 2014, a novel foot and mouth disease (FMD) virus was introduced to a pig farm in South Korea, despite the animals being vaccinated. A marginal antigenic matching between the novel and vaccine strains potentially led to the infection of the vaccinated animals. To understand the impact of using an FMD vaccine on the transmission dynamics of an unmatched field strain, simulation models were employed using daily reported data on clinical cases from the farm. The results of this study indicated that immunisation with the FMD vaccine reduced the shedding of the novel FMD virus in pigs. However, there was no evidence to suggest that the immunisation had a significant effect in reducing the development of clinical signs. These findings highlight that the use of an unmatched FMD vaccine can confound the outbreak by altering the disease dynamics of the novel virus. Based on this study, we emphasise the importance of continuous testing to ensure antigenic matching between the circulating strains and the vaccine pool.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hee Han
- EpiCentre, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand;
| | - Dae-Sung Yoo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea;
| | - Chang-Min Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mori K, Kato T, Kosenda K, Yokota O, Ohtsuka H. Antibody response to 1.0 and 0.5 mL doses of an inactivated bacterial vaccine against bovine respiratory disease in young Holstein calves: a field trial. J Vet Res 2023; 67:315-321. [PMID: 37786851 PMCID: PMC10541654 DOI: 10.2478/jvetres-2023-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Early vaccination of cattle with an inactivated commercial bacterial vaccine against bovine respiratory disease has been reported to increase antibody production and can alleviate the disease. However, its dosage has been little investigated in young Holstein calves. This study addresses the need to establish guide values for vaccine dosage in these animals. Material and Methods Healthy calves received an inactivated vaccine for Histophilus somni, Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica intramuscularly at the ages of 1 and 4 weeks. Administered vaccine doses were 1.0 mL for the primary and booster vaccinations (1.0 + 1.0 group), 0.5 mL for the primary and 1.0 mL for the booster vaccination (0.5 + 1.0 group), or 0.5 mL for both vaccinations (0.5 + 0.5 group). Results Differences in the vaccine responses between the 1.0 + 1.0 group and 0.5 + 1.0 group were minor. However, the number of calves with a positive vaccine response to H. somni in the 0.5 + 0.5 group was less than half of that in the 1.0 + 1.0 and 0.5 + 1.0 groups. In logistic regression analysis, although the booster vaccination dose was positively correlated with seropositivity for H. somni, the primary vaccination dose was not correlated with vaccine response. The number of calves with positive vaccine responses to M. haemolytica was low even after booster vaccination regardless of the dose. Conclusion The dose of 0.5 mL can be used for primary vaccinations in newborn Holstein calves, but 1.0 mL may be required for booster vaccinations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazusa Mori
- Animal Medical Center, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido069-8501, Japan
| | - Toshihide Kato
- Animal Medical Center, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido069-8501, Japan
| | - Keigo Kosenda
- Animal Medical Center, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido069-8501, Japan
| | - Osamu Yokota
- F. SIDE Veterinary Service, Sapporo, Hokkaido004-0072, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Ohtsuka
- Animal Medical Center, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido069-8501, Japan
- Schools of Agriculture and Animal Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido080-8555, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Biswal JK, Sreenivasa BP, Mohapatra JK, Subramaniam S, Jumanal V, Basagoudanavar SH, Dhanesh VV, Hosamani M, Tamil Selvan RP, Krishnaswamy N, Ranjan R, Pattnaik B, Singh RK, Mishra BP, Sanyal A. A single amino acid substitution in the VP2 protein of Indian foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype O vaccine strain confers thermostability and protective immunity in cattle. Transbound Emerg Dis 2022; 69:3651-3663. [PMID: 36219528 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a significant threat to animal health globally. Prophylactic vaccination using inactivated FMD virus (FMDV) antigen is being practised for the control in endemic countries. A major limitation of the current vaccine is its susceptibility to high environmental temperature causing loss of immunogenicity, thus necessitating the cold chain for maintenance of its efficacy. Hence, the FMD vaccine with thermostable virus particles will be highly useful in sustaining the integrity of whole virus particle (146S) during storage at 4°C. In this study, 12 recombinant mutants of Indian vaccine strain of FMDV serotype O (O/IND/R2/1975) were generated through reverse genetics approach and evaluated for thermostability. One of the mutant viruses, VP2_Y98F was more thermostable than other mutants and the parent FMDV. The oil-adjuvanted vaccine formulated with the inactivated VP2_Y98F mutant FMDV was stable up to 8 months when stored at 4°C and induced protective antibody response till dpv 180 after primary vaccination. It is concluded that the VP2_Y98F mutant FMDV was thermostable and has the potential to replace the parent vaccine strain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Veena Jumanal
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Rajeev Ranjan
- ICAR-Directorate of Foot-and-mouth Disease, Mukteswar, India
| | - Bramhadev Pattnaik
- Institute of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, SOA University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Raj Kumar Singh
- ICAR-Directorate of Foot-and-mouth Disease, Mukteswar, India.,ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Bishnu Prasad Mishra
- ICAR-Directorate of Foot-and-mouth Disease, Mukteswar, India.,ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Aniket Sanyal
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Win TTZ, Campbell A, Magalhaes RJS, Oo KN, Henning J. What drives small-scale farmers to vaccinate their multiple livestock species animals against common infectious diseases in Myanmar? PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258765. [PMID: 34669744 PMCID: PMC8528287 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Livestock rearing is an important income source for small-scale farmers in Myanmar, but Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) and Newcastle disease (ND) are major constraints to livestock production. A study was conducted to identify perceptions of farmers about FMD and ND disease risks and perceptions about vaccination practices by using the modified health belief model. The majority of livestock farmers (>70%) reported that they were aware of the risk and impact of FMD and ND and were willing to vaccinate their livestock (>60%). Focusing on three main livestock farmer groups, about 17.0% of cattle, 15.4% of village chicken, but only 2.3% of small ruminant owners, indicated that the non-availability of vaccinations in the villages was the major constraint to vaccinations (p<0.001), while in contrast twice as many small ruminant farmers compared to cattle and village chicken farmers indicated they had no knowledge about vaccinations and no funds to conduct vaccinations. Limited accessibility to vaccines and vaccinators was related to size of villages (p = 0.001 for cattle; p = 0.027 for small ruminants; p = 0.005 for village chicken). Willingness to vaccinate small ruminants against FMD was associated with the perceived impact of the disease on sales and accessibility of information about vaccination. Accessibility to information about ND vaccination influenced the willingness of village chicken farmers to conduct vaccinations. In addition, beliefs in the effectiveness of vaccinations played a major role in the willingness to carry out vaccinations on both, cattle (β = 0.3, p = 0.018) and village chicken farms (β = 0.5, p<0.001). Our study highlights that policies that increase the accessibility of vaccines and the dissemination of information about disease prevention and vaccination practices in villages of all sizes, have the potential to increase FMD and ND vaccination rates and thereby reduce outbreak occurrence in Myanmar. On the other hand, indirect factors, such as village size strongly influenced the availability of vaccinations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tu Tu Zaw Win
- The School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Australia
| | - Angus Campbell
- Faculty of Veterinary & Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ricardo J. Soares Magalhaes
- The School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Australia
- Children’s Health and Environment Program, The University of Queensland, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kyaw Naing Oo
- Livestock Breeding and Veterinary Department, The Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation, The Republic of the Union of Myanmar, Yangon, Myanmar
- The School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Joerg Henning
- The School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Han JH, Subharat S, Wada M, Vink D, Phiri BJ, Sutar A, Abila R, Khounsy S, Heuer C. Impact of risk-based partial vaccination on clinical incidence and seroprevalence of foot and mouth disease in Lao PDR. Transbound Emerg Dis 2021; 69:e309-e321. [PMID: 34412164 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is endemic in the Lao People's Democratic Republic (PDR) and it causes economic loss to smallholder husbandry systems. An intervention programme based on a risk-based partial vaccination strategy was implemented in three provinces of Lao PDR (Champasak, Savannakhet and Xiangkhouang) to immunise domestic cattle and buffalo during 2016-2020. Two cross-sectional surveys were conducted in 2016/17 and 2020 to evaluate the impact of the vaccination programme on the prevalence of FMD virus exposure and clinical incidence of the disease. A total of 212 villages were visited during the two surveys, collecting 1609 household-level questionnaire results and 5931 blood samples of domestic cattle and buffalo. Blood samples were tested for the presence of antibodies to the non-structural proteins of FMD virus, and seroprevalence of 42.5 and 47.5% in 2016/17 and 2020, respectively were found. Multivariable regression analysis indicated that the efficacy of the FMD vaccination programme for reducing FMD virus circulation varied by province. In general, the incidence of clinical FMD increased toward the end of the 5-year intervention period, coinciding with a reduction of vaccine coverage in the last 2 years of the period. The findings suggest that the risk-based vaccination strategy achieved a marginally protective effect against the circulation of FMD virus with the possible limiting factors being operational constraints of public veterinary services, lack of farmers' compliance and unsustainable funding. We conclude that consistent resource availability and higher vaccination coverage is required to successfully control FMD with a risk-based vaccination strategy in Lao PDR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hee Han
- EpiCentre, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Supatsak Subharat
- EpiCentre, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Masako Wada
- EpiCentre, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Daan Vink
- GCRF One Health Poultry Hub, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bernard J Phiri
- Biosecurity Surveillance and Incursion Investigation (Animal Health), Ministry for Primary Industries, Wallaceville, New Zealand
| | - Ashish Sutar
- OIE Sub-Regional Representative, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Syseng Khounsy
- Department of Livestock and Fisheries, Vientiane, LA, Malaysia
| | - Cord Heuer
- EpiCentre, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Algammal AM, Hetta HF, Batiha GE, Hozzein WN, El Kazzaz WM, Hashem HR, Tawfik AM, El-Tarabili RM. Virulence-determinants and antibiotic-resistance genes of MDR-E. coli isolated from secondary infections following FMD-outbreak in cattle. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19779. [PMID: 33188216 PMCID: PMC7666185 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75914-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence, multidrug-resistance traits, PCR-detection of virulence, and antibiotic-resistance genes of E. coli isolated from secondary infections following FMD-outbreak in cattle. A total of 160 random samples were gathered from private dairy farms in Damietta Province, Egypt. The specimens were subjected to bacteriological examination, serotyping, congo-red binding assay, antibiogram-testing, and PCR-monitoring of virulence-determinant genes (tsh, phoA, hly, eaeA, sta, and lt) as well as the antibiotic-resistance genes (blaTEM, blaKPC, and blaCTX). The prevalence of E. coli was 30% (n = 48) distributed in 8 serogroups (40/48, 83.3%), while 8 isolates (8/48, 16.6%) were untypable. Besides, 83.3% of the examined isolates were positive for CR-binding. The tested strains harbored the virulence genes phoA, hly, tsh, eaeA, sta, and lt with a prevalence of 100% and 50%, 45.8%, 25%, 8.4%, and 6.2%, respectively. Furthermore, 50% of the recovered strains were multidrug-resistant (MDR) to penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems, and are harboring the blaTEM, blaCTX, and blaKPC genes. Moreover, 25% of the examined strains are resistant to penicillins, and cephalosporins, and are harboring the blaTEM and blaCTX genes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report concerning the E. coli secondary bacterial infections following the FMD-outbreak. The emergence of MDR strains is considered a public health threat and indicates complicated treatment and bad prognosis of infections caused by such strains. Colistin sulfate and levofloxacin have a promising in vitro activity against MDR-E. coli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdelazeem M Algammal
- Department of Bacteriology, Immunology, and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
| | - Helal F Hetta
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assuit University, Assuit, 71515, Egypt.,Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267-0595, USA
| | - Gaber E Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
| | - Wael N Hozzein
- Bioproducts Research Chair, Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.,Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Waleed M El Kazzaz
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Hany R Hashem
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo, Cairo, 11829, Egypt
| | - Ayat M Tawfik
- Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Port-Said University, Port-Said, 42526, Egypt
| | - Reham M El-Tarabili
- Department of Bacteriology, Immunology, and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dill V, Zimmer A, Beer M, Eschbaumer M. Targeted Modification of the Foot-And-Mouth Disease Virus Genome for Quick Cell Culture Adaptation. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:E583. [PMID: 33022922 PMCID: PMC7712165 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8040583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) causes the highly contagious foot-and-mouth disease, which is characterized by the appearance of vesicles in and around the mouth and feet of cloven-hoofed animals. BHK-21 cells are the cell line of choice for the propagation of FMDV for vaccine production worldwide but vary in their susceptibility for different FMDV strains. Previous studies showed that the FMDV resistance of a certain BHK cell line can be overcome by using a closely related but permissive cell line for the pre-adaptation of the virus, but the adapted strains were found to harbor several capsid mutations. In this study, these adaptive mutations were introduced into the original Asia-1 Shamir isolate individually or in combination to create a panel of 17 Asia-1 mutants by reverse genetics and examine the effects of the mutations on receptor usage, viral growth, immunogenicity and stability. A single amino acid exchange from glutamic acid to lysine at position 202 in VP1 turned out to be of major importance for productive infection of the suspension cell line BHK-2P. In consequence, two traditionally passage-derived strains and two recombinant viruses with a minimum set of mutations were tested in vivo. While the passaged-derived viruses showed a reduced particle stability, the genetically modified viruses were more stable but did not confer a protective immune response against the original virus isolate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Dill
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany; (V.D.); (M.B.)
| | - Aline Zimmer
- Merck KGaA, Merck Life Sciences, Upstream R&D, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany;
| | - Martin Beer
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany; (V.D.); (M.B.)
| | - Michael Eschbaumer
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany; (V.D.); (M.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Agbehadzi RK, Hamidu JA, Adomako K, Enu R. Economic contribution of local hatchery performance in the poultry value chain in Ghana. Poult Sci 2019; 98:2399-2404. [PMID: 30690527 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This research evaluates the effectiveness of local hatcheries in producing quality broiler day-old chicks in Ghana. A total of 600 Cobb 500 unsexed day-old broiler chicks obtained from 3 local hatcheries were raised for 6 wk with recommended starter and finisher diets from a registered source. The parameters measured included feed intake, body weights, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, percent mortality, and haemagglutination inhibition test against Newcastle Disease virus and Infectious Bursal Disease virus (IBDv) during the first 2 wk. At the end of the study, 2 birds from each hatchery were selected and slaughtered to assess carcass parameters and primal parts including shank, neck, and head. Data were analyzed using the GLM Procedure of SAS 9.4 at P < 0.05 and LS means separated by the PDIFF of SAS. Results indicated that with the exception of the initial weight of the chicks, all other parameters were not different between the 3 hatcheries. The maternal antibody titre against IBDv was higher for all chicks but the response to Newcastle Disease virus and IBDv was relatively low in 1 hatchery. It could be concluded that the sources of chicks influenced initial chick weight but not the post-hatch performance. There is concern about the maternal antibodies levels of the chicks, which could be due to lack of appropriate and efficient vaccination of chicks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R K Agbehadzi
- Department of Animal Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology
| | - J A Hamidu
- Department of Animal Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology
| | - K Adomako
- Department of Animal Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology
| | - R Enu
- Ghana Poultry Project, ACDI/VOCA Ghana
| |
Collapse
|