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He X, Zhao X, Wang X, Liang G, Qi H, Zhu C, Huang Z, Zhang J. Distinctive pattern of left-right asymmetry of ovarian benign teratomas in Chinese population: a 12-year-long cross-sectional study. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2021; 303:729-737. [PMID: 33427916 PMCID: PMC7960580 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-020-05864-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Given the lack of research on the left–right asymmetry of ovarian teratoma among Chinese patients, this study aimed to determine the lateral distribution and related clinical characteristics of Chinese ovarian teratoma patients treated at a single center. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of surgical patients pathologically diagnosed with ovarian teratomas in the gynecology inpatient department of the International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital in Shanghai between July 2006 and July 2018. Results Of the 4417 patients with ovarian teratoma, 3835 were finally analyzed. There were 2030 (53.24%) cases of right-sided benign ovarian teratoma versus 1783 (46.76%) cases of left-sided benign teratoma (P < 0.001). The recurrence rate of benign ovarian teratoma was 4.2%; recurrence occurred more often on the left side (left vs. right = 55 vs. 45%, P = 0.033). Compared with the right-sided ovarian teratoma patients, left-sided ones had significantly high recurrence risk (OR 1.430; 95% CI 1.03–1.99). The rate of ovarian torsion in patients with ovarian mature cystic teratomas (MCTs) during intrauterine pregnancy was 3.17 versus 1.72% in non-pregnant MCT patients (P = 0.049). For those MCT patients with intrauterine pregnancy, ovarian torsion occurs more often on the right side (left vs. right = 16.67 vs. 83.33%, P = 0.028). Conclusion This study confirms a distinctive right-side dominance of benign ovarian teratomas. Compared with the right side, recurrent ovarian teratomas occur more often on the left side, requiring close follow-up. Intrauterine pregnancy may increase the risk of ovarian torsion, particularly on the right side, in MCT patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoya Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
| | - Guiling Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
| | - Hang Qi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenfeng Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China.
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Farouz Y, Chen Y, Terzic A, Menasché P. Concise Review: Growing Hearts in the Right Place: On the Design of Biomimetic Materials for Cardiac Stem Cell Differentiation. Stem Cells 2015; 33:1021-35. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.1929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yohan Farouz
- Department of Chemistry, Paris Sciences et Lettres, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Paris; CNRS UMR; Paris France
- Sorbonne Paris Cité; Paris Descartes University; Paris France
- INSERM U970; Paris France
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Paris Sciences et Lettres, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Paris; CNRS UMR; Paris France
| | | | - Philippe Menasché
- Sorbonne Paris Cité; Paris Descartes University; Paris France
- INSERM U970; Paris France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery; Paris France
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Schmitt SM, Gull M, Brändli AW. Engineering Xenopus embryos for phenotypic drug discovery screening. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2014; 69-70:225-46. [PMID: 24576445 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Many rare human inherited diseases remain untreatable despite the fact that the disease causing genes are known and adequate mouse disease models have been developed. In vivo phenotypic drug screening relies on isolating drug candidates by their ability to produce a desired therapeutic phenotype in whole organisms. Embryos of zebrafish and Xenopus frogs are abundant, small and free-living. They can be easily arrayed in multi-well dishes and treated with small organic molecules. With the development of novel genome modification tools, such a zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and CRISPR/Cas, it is now possible to efficiently engineer non-mammalian models of inherited human diseases. Here, we will review the rapid progress made in adapting these novel genome editing tools to Xenopus. The advantages of Xenopus embryos as in vivo models to study human inherited diseases will be presented and their utility for drug discovery screening will be discussed. Being a tetrapod, Xenopus complements zebrafish as an indispensable non-mammalian animal model for the study of human disease pathologies and the discovery of novel therapeutics for inherited diseases.
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Männer J. On the form problem of embryonic heart loops, its geometrical solutions, and a new biophysical concept of cardiac looping. Ann Anat 2013; 195:312-323. [PMID: 23602789 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2013.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Revised: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac looping is an essential process in the morphogenesis of embryonic hearts. Unfortunately, relatively little is known about the form and biophysics of embryonic heart loops. Thompson regarded the form of an object as "a 'diagram of forces' … from it we can … deduce the forces that are acting or have acted upon it." Therefore, the present study was conducted to uncover the best geometrical solution of the form problem of embryonic heart loops. This approach may help to identify the biophysics of cardiac looping. RESULTS Analysis of the tendrils of climbing plants disclosed striking resemblance between the configurations of embryonic heart loops and a form motif named helical perversion. Helical perversion occurs in helically wound objects where they connect two helical segments of opposite handedness (two-handed helix). Helical perversion evolves in living and non-living filamentary objects such as the tendrils of climbing plants and helical telephone cords. CONCLUSIONS Helical perversion may be the best geometrical solution of the form problem of embryonic heart loops. The dynamics and mechanics of the emergence of helical perversions are relatively well known. The behavior of looping embryonic hearts may be interpreted in light of this knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Männer
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Germany.
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Morckel AR, Lusic H, Farzana L, Yoder JA, Deiters A, Nascone-Yoder NM. A photoactivatable small-molecule inhibitor for light-controlled spatiotemporal regulation of Rho kinase in live embryos. Development 2012; 139:437-42. [PMID: 22186732 DOI: 10.1242/dev.072165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
To uncover the molecular mechanisms of embryonic development, the ideal loss-of-function strategy would be capable of targeting specific regions of the living embryo with both temporal and spatial precision. To this end, we have developed a novel pharmacological agent that can be light activated to achieve spatiotemporally limited inhibition of Rho kinase activity in vivo. A new photolabile caging group, 6-nitropiperonyloxymethyl (NPOM), was installed on a small-molecule inhibitor of Rho kinase, Rockout, to generate a 'caged Rockout' derivative. Complementary biochemical, cellular, molecular and morphogenetic assays in both mammalian cell culture and Xenopus laevis embryos validate that the inhibitory activity of the caged compound is dependent on exposure to light. Conveniently, this unique reagent retains many of the practical advantages of conventional small-molecule inhibitors, including delivery by simple diffusion in the growth medium and concentration-dependent tuneability, but can be locally activated by decaging with standard instrumentation. Application of this novel tool to the spatially heterogeneous problem of embryonic left-right asymmetry revealed a differential requirement for Rho signaling on the left and right sides of the primitive gut tube, yielding new insight into the molecular mechanisms that generate asymmetric organ morphology. As many aromatic/heterocyclic small-molecule inhibitors are amenable to installation of this caging group, our results indicate that photocaging pharmacological inhibitors might be a generalizable technique for engendering convenient loss-of-function reagents with great potential for wide application in developmental biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison R Morckel
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
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Vandenberg LN. Laterality defects are influenced by timing of treatments and animal model. Differentiation 2012; 83:26-37. [PMID: 22099174 PMCID: PMC3222854 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2011.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2011] [Revised: 07/13/2011] [Accepted: 08/11/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The timing of when the embryonic left-right (LR) axis is first established and the mechanisms driving this process are subjects of strong debate. While groups have focused on the role of cilia in establishing the LR axis during gastrula and neurula stages, many animals appear to orient the LR axis prior to the appearance of, or without the benefit of, motile cilia. Because of the large amount of data available in the published literature and the similarities in the type of data collected across laboratories, I have examined relationships between the studies that do and do not implicate cilia, the choice of animal model, the kinds of LR patterning defects observed, and the penetrance of LR phenotypes. I found that treatments affecting cilia structure and motility had a higher penetrance for both altered gene expression and improper organ placement compared to treatments that affect processes in early cleavage stage embryos. I also found differences in penetrance that could be attributed to the animal models used; the mouse is highly prone to LR randomization. Additionally, the data were examined to address whether gene expression can be used to predict randomized organ placement. Using regression analysis, gene expression was found to be predictive of organ placement in frogs, but much less so in the other animals examined. Together, these results challenge previous ideas about the conservation of LR mechanisms, with the mouse model being significantly different from fish, frogs, and chick in almost every aspect examined. Additionally, this analysis indicates that there may be missing pieces in the molecular pathways that dictate how genetic information becomes organ positional information in vertebrates; these gaps will be important for future studies to identify, as LR asymmetry is not only a fundamentally fascinating aspect of development but also of considerable biomedical importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura N. Vandenberg
- Tufts University, Center for Regenerative & Developmental Biology and Department of Biology, Medford MA 02155
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