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Identification of an Acidic Amino Acid Permease Involved in d-Aspartate Uptake in the Yeast Cryptococcus humicola. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9010192. [PMID: 33477545 PMCID: PMC7831105 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9010192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
d-aspartate oxidase (DDO) catalyzes the oxidative deamination of acidic d-amino acids, and its production is induced by d-Asp in several eukaryotes. The yeast Cryptococcus humicola strain UJ1 produces large amounts of DDO (ChDDO) only in the presence of d-Asp. In this study, we analyzed the relationship between d-Asp uptake by an amino acid permease (Aap) and the inducible expression of ChDDO. We identified two acidic Aap homologs, named “ChAap4 and ChAap5,” in the yeast genome sequence. ChAAP4 deletion resulted in partial growth defects on d-Asp as well as l-Asp, l-Glu, and l-Phe at pH 7, whereas ChAAP5 deletion caused partial growth defects on l-Phe and l-Lys, suggesting that ChAap4 might participate in d-Asp uptake as an acidic Aap. Interestingly, the growth of the Chaap4 strain on d- or l-Asp was completely abolished at pH 10, suggesting that ChAap4 is the only Aap responsible for d- and l-Asp uptake under high alkaline conditions. In addition, ChAAP4 deletion significantly decreased the induction of DDO activity and ChDDO transcription in the presence of d-Asp. This study revealed that d-Asp uptake by ChAap4 might be involved in the induction of ChDDO expression by d-Asp.
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Ingledew WM, Patterson CA. Effect of Nitrogen Source and Concentration on the Uptake of Peptides by a Lager Yeast in Continuous Culture. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF BREWING CHEMISTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1094/asbcj-57-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. M. Ingledew
- Applied Microbiology and Food Science, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - C. A. Patterson
- Applied Microbiology and Food Science, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada
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Gibson BR, Boulton CA, Box WG, Graham NS, Lawrence SJ, Linforth RST, Smart KA. Amino Acid Uptake and Yeast Gene Transcription during Industrial Brewery Fermentation. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF BREWING CHEMISTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1094/asbcj-2009-0720-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian R. Gibson
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Chris A. Boulton
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Wendy G. Box
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Neil S. Graham
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Stephen J. Lawrence
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Robert S. T. Linforth
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Katherine A. Smart
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK
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Petersen EE, Margaritis A, Stewart RJ, Pilkington PH, Mensour NA. The Effects of Wort Valine Concentration on the Total Diacetyl Profile and Levels Late in Batch Fermentations with Brewing YeastSaccharomyces Carlsbergensis. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF BREWING CHEMISTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1094/asbcj-62-0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erin E. Petersen
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London N6A 5B9, Ontario, Canada
| | - Argyrios Margaritis
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London N6A 5B9, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert J. Stewart
- Interbrew, Science and Technology Development, 197 Richmond Street, London N6A 4M3, Ontario, Canada
| | - P. Heather Pilkington
- Interbrew, Science and Technology Development, 197 Richmond Street, London N6A 4M3, Ontario, Canada
| | - Normand A. Mensour
- Interbrew, Science and Technology Development, 197 Richmond Street, London N6A 4M3, Ontario, Canada
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Villers J, Savocco J, Szopinska A, Degand H, Nootens S, Morsomme P. Study of the Plasma Membrane Proteome Dynamics Reveals Novel Targets of the Nitrogen Regulation in Yeast. Mol Cell Proteomics 2017; 16:1652-1668. [PMID: 28679684 PMCID: PMC5587864 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m116.064923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Yeast cells, to be able to grow on a wide variety of nitrogen sources, regulate the set of nitrogen transporters present at their plasma membrane. Such regulation relies on both transcriptional and post-translational events. Although microarray studies have identified most nitrogen-sensitive genes, nitrogen-induced post-translational regulation has only been studied for very few proteins among which the general amino acid permease Gap1. Adding a preferred nitrogen source to proline-grown cells triggers Gap1 endocytosis and vacuolar degradation in an Rsp5-Bul1/2-dependent manner. Here, we used a proteomic approach to follow the dynamics of the plasma membrane proteome after addition of a preferred nitrogen source. We identified new targets of the nitrogen regulation and four transporters of poor nitrogen sources-Put4, Opt2, Dal5, and Ptr2-that rapidly decrease in abundance. Although the kinetics is different for each transporter, we found that three of them-Put4, Dal5, and Ptr2-are endocytosed, like Gap1, in an Rsp5-dependent manner and degraded in the vacuole. Finally, we showed that Gap1 stabilization at the plasma membrane, through deletion of Bul proteins, regulates the abundance of Put4, Dal5 and Ptr2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Villers
- From the ‡Université catholique de Louvain, Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Croix du Sud 4-5, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve
| | - Jérôme Savocco
- From the ‡Université catholique de Louvain, Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Croix du Sud 4-5, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve
| | - Aleksandra Szopinska
- From the ‡Université catholique de Louvain, Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Croix du Sud 4-5, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve
| | - Hervé Degand
- From the ‡Université catholique de Louvain, Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Croix du Sud 4-5, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve
| | - Sylvain Nootens
- From the ‡Université catholique de Louvain, Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Croix du Sud 4-5, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve
| | - Pierre Morsomme
- From the ‡Université catholique de Louvain, Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Croix du Sud 4-5, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve
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Šimkovič M, Olejníková P, Mat'at'a M, Žemla P, Vilimová V, Farkašová L, Varečka L. Nutrient transport into germinating Trichoderma atroviride conidia and development of its driving force. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2015; 161:1240-50. [PMID: 25777081 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The exit from dormancy and the start of growth should be preceded or at least accompanied by the uptake of nutrients. In this work we studied changes in the transport of several nutrients into Trichoderma atroviride conidia. Germination started with a short period of isodiametric growth (conidial swelling), followed by polarized growth (germ tube formation) after about 8 h at 26 °C. The onset of isodiametric growth required the presence of external both phosphate and nitrate. At the same time, an increased uptake of precursors of macromolecules and phospholipids ((14)C- or (3)H-labelled valine, uracil, N-acetylglucosamine and choline) occurred. A low uptake of these precursors was observed also in non-germinating conidia. Concomitantly, this uptake developed an increased sensitivity to the uncoupler 3,3',4',5-tetrachlorosalicylanilide. Expression and activity of H(+)-ATPase started after completing isodiametric growth, suggesting that the proton-motive force (PMF) generated by H(+)-ATPase may be an accelerator of nutrient uptake and metabolism. (14)C-valine uptake was also measured into a mutant with disrupted pma1 gene. This mutant did not form conidia. The mutant also exhibited uncoupler sensitivity of (14)C-valine uptake. These observations showed that a PMF must have been generated by a mechanism(s) other than the H(+)-ATPase activity in the WT before H(+)-ATPase expression and in mycelia with disrupted H(+)-ATPase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Šimkovič
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 81237-Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Petra Olejníková
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 81237-Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Matej Mat'at'a
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 81237-Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Žemla
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 81237-Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Viera Vilimová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 81237-Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Farkašová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 81237-Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - L'udovít Varečka
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 81237-Bratislava, Slovakia
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da Silva MC, Bertolini MC, Ernandes JR. Biomass production and secretion of hydrolytic enzymes are influenced by the structural complexity of the nitrogen source in Fusarium oxysporum and Aspergillus nidulans. J Basic Microbiol 2002; 41:269-80. [PMID: 11688213 DOI: 10.1002/1521-4028(200110)41:5<269::aid-jobm269>3.0.co;2-#] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The structural complexity of the nitrogen sources strongly affects biomass production and secretion of hydrolytic enzymes in filamentous fungi. Fusarium oxysporum and Aspergillus nidulans were grown in media containing glucose or starch, and supplemented with a nitrogen source varying from a single ammonium salt (ammonium sulfate) to free amino acids (casamino acids), peptides (peptone) and protein (gelatin). In glucose, when the initial pH was adjusted to 5.0, for both microorganisms, higher biomass production occurred upon supplementation with a nitrogen source in the peptide form (peptone and gelatin). With a close to neutrality pH, biomass accumulation was lower only in the presence of the ammonium salt. When grown in starch, biomass accumulation and secretion of hydrolytic enzymes (amylolytic and proteolytic) by Fusarium also depended on the nature of the nitrogen supplement and the pH. When the initial pH was adjusted to 5.0, higher growth and higher amylolytic activities were detected in the media supplemented with peptone, gelatin and casamino acids. However, at pH 7.0, higher biomass accumulation and higher amylolytic activities were observed upon supplementation with peptone or gelatin. Ammonium sulfate and casamino acids induced a lower production of biomass, and a different level of amylolytic enzyme secretion: high in ammonium sulfate and low in casamino acids. Secretion of proteolytic activity was always higher in the media supplemented with peptone and gelatin. Aspergillus, when grown in starch, was not as dependent as Fusarium on the nature of nitrogen source or the pH. The results described in this work indicate that the metabolism of fungi is regulated not only by pH, but also by the level of structural complexity of the nitrogen source in correlation to the carbon source.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C da Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Tecnologia Química, Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), PO Box 335, 14801-970-Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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Mazareb S, Fu ZY, Zilberstein D. Developmental regulation of proline transport in Leishmania donovani. Exp Parasitol 1999; 91:341-8. [PMID: 10092478 DOI: 10.1006/expr.1998.4391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Leishmania donovani are the causative agents of kala azar in humans. These organisms cycle between the proline-rich environment of the sand fly vector (extracellular promastigotes) and the sugar-rich condition in the mammalian host (intracellular amastigotes). Parasites have adapted to these extreme changes in proline concentrations: promastigotes utilize proline as a carbon source, whereas amastigotes utilize sugars and fatty acids. Previous studies have suggested that promastigotes and amastigotes express distinct proline transporters. However, the information available on these transporters is limited. In this work, proline transport was investigated in axenic L. donovani cultures. Three transport systems were identified: cation-dependent and -independent proline transporters in promastigotes (systems A and B, respectively) and a single cation-independent transporter in amastigotes (system C). Systems A and C have broad specificity to almost all amino acids and obtain optimum activity at acidic pH ranges (pH 6 and 5, respectively). System B is more specific to proline, as it is inhibited by only five amino acids. Temperature response analyses indicated that the transporters of both promastigotes and amastigotes perform best at 37 degrees C. The activity of system A during parasite differentiation was assessed. The transport activity of system A disappeared 3 days after promastigotes were induced to differentiate into amastigotes. In these cells, elevated temperature and acidic pH each suppressed the activity of system A. When amastigotes were induced to differentiate back into promastigotes, system A resumed its activity 24 h after differentiation was initiated. In conclusion, L. donovani obtain proline transport systems that are stage specific, regulated by both pH and temperature. This paper constitutes the first investigation of amino acid transport in axenic L. donovani.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mazareb
- Department of Biology, Technion-Israel, Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
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Ayestarân B, Garrido J, Ancín C. Sedimentation clarification of viura musts. Utilization of amino acids during fermentation. Food Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0308-8146(98)00009-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- J Horák
- Department of Membrane Transport, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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