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Zaręba D, Ziarno M. Tween 80™-induced changes in fatty acid profile of selected mesophilic lactobacilli. Acta Biochim Pol 2024; 71:13014. [PMID: 39027262 PMCID: PMC11254618 DOI: 10.3389/abp.2024.13014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Fatty acid profiles are crucial for the functionality and viability of lactobacilli used in food applications. Tween 80™, a common culture media additive, is known to influence bacterial growth and composition. This study investigated how Tween 80™ supplementation impacts the fatty acid profiles of six mesophilic lactobacilli strains (Lacticaseibacillus spp., Limosilactobacillus spp., Lactiplantibacillus plantarum). Analysis of eleven strains revealed 29 distinct fatty acids. Tween 80™ supplementation significantly altered their fatty acid composition. Notably, there was a shift towards saturated fatty acids and changes within the unsaturated fatty acid profile. While some unsaturated fatty acids decreased, there was a concurrent rise in cyclic derivatives like lactobacillic acid (derived from vaccenic acid) and dihydrosterculic acid (derived from oleic acid). This suggests that despite the presence of Tween 80™ as an oleic acid source, lactobacilli prioritize the synthesis of these cyclic derivatives from precursor unsaturated fatty acids. Myristic acid and dihydrosterculic acid levels varied across strains. Interestingly, palmitic acid content increased, potentially reflecting enhanced incorporation of oleic acid from Tween 80™ into membranes. Conversely, cis-vaccenic acid levels consistently decreased across all strains. The observed fatty acid profiles differed from previous studies, likely due to a combination of factors including strain-specific variations and growth condition differences (media type, temperature, harvesting point). However, this study highlights the consistent impact of Tween 80™ on the fatty acid composition of lactobacilli, regardless of these variations. In conclusion, Tween 80™ significantly alters fatty acid profiles, influencing saturation levels and specific fatty acid proportions. This work reveals key factors, including stimulated synthesis of lactobacillic acid, competition for oleic acid incorporation, and strain-specific responses to myristic and dihydrosterculic acids. The consistent reduction in cis-vaccenic acid and the presence of cyclic derivatives warrant further investigation to elucidate their roles in response to Tween 80™ supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Zaręba
- Professor E. Pijanowski Catering School Complex in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Ziarno
- Institute of Food Science, Department of Food Technology and Assessment, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW (WULS-SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
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2
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Alsultan A, Walton G, Andrews SC, Clarke SR. Staphylococcus aureus FadB is a dehydrogenase that mediates cholate resistance and survival under human colonic conditions. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2023; 169. [PMID: 36947574 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a common colonizer of the human gut and in doing so it must be able to resist the actions of the host's innate defences. Bile salts are a class of molecules that possess potent antibacterial activity that control growth. Bacteria that colonize and survive in that niche must be able to resist the action of bile salts, but the mechanisms by which S. aureus does so are poorly understood. Here we show that FadB is a bile-induced oxidoreductase which mediates bile salt resistance and when heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli renders them resistant. Deletion of fadB attenuated survival of S. aureus in a model of the human distal colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjed Alsultan
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6EX, UK
- Present address: Department of Internal and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Al-qadisiyah, Aldewanyiah, Iraq
| | - Gemma Walton
- Food Microbial Sciences Unit, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AP, UK
| | - Simon C Andrews
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6EX, UK
| | - Simon R Clarke
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6EX, UK
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Gao H, Yang B, Stanton C, Ross RP, Zhang H, Chen H, Chen W. Linoleic acid induces different metabolic modes in two Bifidobacterium breve strains with different conjugated linoleic acid-producing abilities. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.110974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Wang G, Chen P, Yu X, Xia Y, Yan LT, Ai L. C18:1 Improves the Freeze-Drying Resistance of Lactobacillus plantarum by Maintaining the Cell Membrane. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:4933-4940. [PMID: 35021737 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Increasing knowledge about lactic acid bacteria as fermentation starters and probiotics to improve health has led to a growing awareness of their application potential. Despite a long history of applying cryoprotectants, the maintenance of probiotic viability is still a major challenge. In this study, we implemented a strategy and explored its mechanisms in detail. We found that the survival rates after freeze-drying were positively correlated with the relative concentration of the octadecenoic acid (C18:1) and with the ratio of unsaturated to saturated FAs (U/S ratio). The addition of C18:1 significantly improved the survival of L. plantarum after freeze-drying. Contrary to the most commonly used cryoprotectants, the addition of C18:1 did not affect the glass transition temperature or collapse temperature. We predicted that the cell membrane characteristics would be significantly degraded during the drying stage, but C18:1 can effectively maintain the cell membrane integrity and fluidity. Our experiments confirmed those predictions, and simultaneously found that the enzyme activities of key enzymes of glucose metabolism were increased compared with the control group. These finding indicate that C18:1 might serve as a lyoprotectant to maintain the cell membrane integrity and fluidity, and thereby increasing the survival rate of L. plantarum after freeze-drying. This study constitutes a strategy to safeguard bacterial viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangqiang Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Pengyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaoqing Yu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yongjun Xia
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Li-Tang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lianzhong Ai
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
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Senizza A, Rocchetti G, Callegari ML, Lucini L, Morelli L. Linoleic acid induces metabolic stress in the intestinal microorganism Bifidobacterium breve DSM 20213. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5997. [PMID: 32265475 PMCID: PMC7138814 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62897-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite clinical and research interest in the health implications of the conjugation of linoleic acid (LA) by bifidobacteria, the detailed metabolic pathway and physiological reasons underlying the process remain unclear. This research aimed to investigate, at the molecular level, how LA affects the metabolism of Bifidobacterium breve DSM 20213 as a model for the well-known LA conjugation phenotype of this species. The mechanisms involved and the meaning of the metabolic changes caused by LA to B. breve DSM 20213 are unclear due to the lack of comprehensive information regarding the responses of B. breve DSM 20213 under different environmental conditions. Therefore, for the first time, an untargeted metabolomics-based approach was used to depict the main changes in the metabolic profiles of B. breve DSM 20213. Both supervised and unsupervised statistical methods applied to the untargeted metabolomic data allowed confirming the metabolic changes of B. breve DSM 20213 when exposed to LA. In particular, alterations to the amino-acid, carbohydrate and fatty-acid biosynthetic pathways were observed at the stationary phase of growth curve. Among others, significant up-regulation trends were detected for aromatic (such as tyrosine and tryptophan) and sulfur amino acids (i.e., methionine and cysteine). Besides confirming the conjugation of LA, metabolomics suggested a metabolic reprogramming during the whole growth curve and an imbalance in redox status following LA exposure. Such redox stress resulted in the down-accumulation of peroxide scavengers such as low-molecular-weight thiols (glutathione- and mycothiol-related compounds) and ascorbate precursors, together with the up-accumulation of oxidized (hydroxy- and epoxy-derivatives) forms of fatty acids. Consistently, growth was reduced and the levels of the oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde were higher in LA-exposed B. breve DSM 20213 than in the control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Senizza
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Gabriele Rocchetti
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Callegari
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
- Centre for Research on Biotechnology (CRB), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Milano 24, 26100, Cremona, Italy
| | - Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Morelli
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
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Meneghel J, Passot S, Dupont S, Fonseca F. Biophysical characterization of the Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus membrane during cold and osmotic stress and its relevance for cryopreservation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 101:1427-1441. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7935-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Hansen MLRW, Clausen A, Ejsing CS, Risbo J. Modulation of the Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 lipidome by different growth conditions. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2015. [PMID: 26197785 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Probiotics are bacteria used in the food industry due to their potential health benefits. In this study, the plasma membrane of the probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 was investigated using state-of-the-art high-resolution shotgun lipidomics. Comparisons of the lipidome of the plasma membrane were done after altering the fatty acid composition by supplementing L. acidophilus La-5 with saturated, mono-, di- and tri-unsaturated fatty acids during fermentation. The plasma membrane with the highest degree of saturation resulted in a lipid composition with the highest proportion of cardiolipin (CL) and lowest proportion of monolysocardiolipin (MLCL). No significant changes were found for other lipid classes. The bacteria grown with di- and tri-unsaturated fatty acids were expected to have more unsaturated plasma membranes than bacteria grown with mono-unsaturated fatty acids. This was also the case for MLCL, but the numbers of double bonds for CL were quite similar for these three samples. The results indicate that L. acidophilus La-5 possesses a molecular mechanism for remodelling and optimizing the fatty acid composition of CL and MLCL species and the molar ratio of CL and MLCL. This study contributes new knowledge on the previously uninvestigated lipidome of L. acidophilus La-5.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Christer S Ejsing
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VILLUM Center for Bioanalytical Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Jens Risbo
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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Bustos AY, Raya R, Bru E, de Valdez GF, Taranto MP. Application of fluorescent techniques to evaluate the survival of probiotic lactobacilli to bile acid. Biotechnol Lett 2011; 33:1389-94. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-011-0564-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 02/07/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Abghari A, Sheikh-Zeinoddin M, Soleimanian-Zad S. Nonfermented ice cream as a carrier for Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus rhamnosus. Int J Food Sci Technol 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2010.02453.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Lim SD, Yoo SH, Yang HD, Kim SK, Park SY. GABA Productivity in Yoghurt Fermented by Freeze Dried Culture Preparations of Lactobacillus acidophilus RMK567. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2009. [DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2009.29.4.437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Yu K, Kang S, Park S. Physiochemical Characteristics of Lactobacillus acidophilus KH-l Isolated from the Feces of a Breast-Fed Infant. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2005. [DOI: 10.3746/jfn.2005.10.4.333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Tymczyszyn EE, Gómez-Zavaglia A, Disalvo EA. Influence of the growth at high osmolality on the lipid composition, water permeability and osmotic response of Lactobacillus bulgaricus. Arch Biochem Biophys 2005; 443:66-73. [PMID: 16256066 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2005.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2005] [Accepted: 09/20/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Changes in water permeability and membrane packing were measured in cells of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and in vesicles prepared with lipids extracted from them. The osmotic response of whole cells and vesicles is compared with the one of bacteria grown in a high osmolal medium. Both bacteria and vesicles, behave as osmometers. This means that the volume decrease is promoted by the outflow of water, driven by the NaCl concentration difference, arguing that neither Na+ nor Cl- permeates the cell or the lipid membrane in these conditions. Therefore, the volume changes can be correlated with the rate of water permeation across the cell or the vesicle membranes. The permeation of water was analyzed as a function of the lipid species by measuring the volume changes and the saturation ratio of the lipids. To put into relevance the membrane processes, the permeation properties of lipid vesicles prepared with lipids extracted from bacteria grown in normal and high osmolality conditions were also analyzed. The permeation response was correlated with the physical properties of the membrane of whole cells and vesicles, by means of fluorescence anisotropy of diphenyl hexatriene (DPH). The modifications in membrane properties are related with the changes in the membrane composition triggered by the growth in a high osmolal medium. The changes appear related to an increase in the sugar content of the whole pool of lipids and in the saturated fatty acid residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Elizabeth Tymczyszyn
- Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica de Membranas Lipídicas, Cátedra de Química General e Inorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Taranto MP, Fernandez Murga ML, Lorca G, de Valdez GF. Bile salts and cholesterol induce changes in the lipid cell membrane of Lactobacillus reuteri. J Appl Microbiol 2003; 95:86-91. [PMID: 12807457 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2672.2003.01962.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of bile salts and cholesterol in the lipid profile of Lactobacillus reuteri CRL 1098 and to determine the relationship existing between these changes: the in vitro removal of cholesterol and the tolerance of the cells to acid and cold stress. METHODS AND RESULTS Lactobacillus reuteri CRL 1098 was grown in the following media: MRS (deMan Rogosa Sharpe; MC, control medium), MB (MC with bile salts), MCH (MC with sterile cholesterol) and MBCH (MC with bile salts and cholesterol). Fatty acids were determined by analytical gas-liquid chromatography, and phospholipids and glycolipids by colorimetric techniques. The cells from different culture media were subjected to cold and acid stress. The MB cultures displayed a decrease in phospholipids and a low ratio of saturated : unsaturated fatty acids. The presence of the unusual C18 : 0,10-OH and C18 : 0,10-oxo fatty acids was the prominent characteristic of the bile salts growing cells. The relative increase in glycolipids and the changes in the fatty acids profiles of the MB cells would be responsible for the cholesterol remotion. The changes induced by bile salts in the lipid profile did not improve the tolerance of L. reuteri CRL 1098 to freezing and acid stress. CONCLUSIONS The changes in lipid profiles reported in this study would play a key role in the response of Lactobacilli to environmental stress. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This work provides useful information about the effect of bile salts on the cell membrane of L. reuteri, a probiotic enterolactobacillus. The steady-state response of the cells subjected to bile stress seems to be the appropriate model for evaluating the bacterial behaviour in detergent-containing gastrointestinal tracts, where the bile salts stress would presumably be continuous.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Taranto
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), Chacabuco, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
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