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Naranjo MF, Kumar A, Ratrey P, Hudson SP. Pre-formulation of an additive combination of two antimicrobial agents, clofazimine and nisin A, to boost antimicrobial activity. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:1558-1568. [PMID: 38252026 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01800h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization, antimicrobial resistance is one of the top ten issues that pose a major threat to humanity. The lack of investment by the pharmaceutical industry has meant fewer novel antimicrobial agents are in development, exacerbating the problem. Emerging drug design strategies are exploring the repurposing of existing drugs and the utilization of novel drug candidates, like antimicrobial peptides, to combat drug resistance. This proactive approach is crucial in fighting global health threats. In this study, an additive combination of a repurposed anti-leprosy drug, clofazimine, and an antimicrobial peptide, nisin A, are preformulated using liquid antisolvent precipitation to generate a stable amorphous, ionized nanoparticle system to boost antimicrobial activity. The nanotechnology aims to improve the physicochemical properties of the inherently poorly water-soluble clofazimine molecules while also harnessing the previously unreported additive effect of clofazimine and nisin A. The approach transformed clofazimine into a more water-soluble salt, yielding amorphous nanoparticles stabilized by the antimicrobial peptide; and combined the two drugs into a more soluble and more active formulation. Blending pre-formulation strategies like amorphization, salt formation, and nanosizing to improve the inherent low aqueous solubility of drugs can open many new possibilities for the design of new antimicrobial agents. This fusion of pre-formulation technologies in combination with the multi-hurdle approach of selecting drugs with different effects on microbes could be key in the design platform of new antibiotics in the fight against antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateo Flores Naranjo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, SSPC, Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland.
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, SSPC, Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland.
| | - Poonam Ratrey
- Department of Chemical Sciences, SSPC, Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland.
| | - Sarah P Hudson
- Department of Chemical Sciences, SSPC, Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland.
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Selvasudha N, PushpaSweety J, Saranya TV, Ruckmani K, Gayathri L. Development of alkaline-stable nanoformulation of nisin: special insights through cytotoxic and antibacterial studies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27524-x. [PMID: 37204569 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27524-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nisin, a thermostable, approved food preservative, has limited therapeutic applications because of its high pH and proteolytic enzyme instability. The unavailability of a rapid, simple method of detection also restricts the research of nisin. The objective of this study was to adapt the simple, rapid protein estimation method of detection for nisin formulation and to formulate and evaluate site-specific nanoformulation for therapeutic applications, viz. colon cancer, and anti-bacterial action. Three nanoformulations of nisin with chitosan, gellan gum, and dextran (ECN, EGN, and EDN) were prepared and characterized in vitro. Among three, EGN was selected as a good formulation based on its size surface charge, morphology, drug loading, and release characteristics. FT-IR and DSC revealed the interaction pattern and stability nature. The stability of nisin in an alkaline environment was confirmed by CD. Its therapeutic applications were proved by efficiency against colon cancer cells evaluated by MTT assay and AO/EB staining using Caco-2 cell lines. The in situ sol-gel mechanism imparted by gellan gum was proved the sole reason for the stability and activity of nisin in EGN at lower GIT. This was confirmed (using rheometer) by shear-thickening characteristics of formulation EGN in simulated colon fluid. The antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus by disk diffusion method was also performed to confirm the retention of antimicrobial activity of nisin in EGN. Hence, gellan gum-nisin colloidal nanoparticles are found good candidates for drug delivery at lower GIT and stabilizing alkaline food materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph PushpaSweety
- Centre for Excellence in Nanobio Translational Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Anna University, BIT Campus, Tamil Nadu, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | | | - Kandasamy Ruckmani
- Centre for Excellence in Nanobio Translational Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Anna University, BIT Campus, Tamil Nadu, Tiruchirappalli, India.
| | - Loganathan Gayathri
- Centre for Excellence in Nanobio Translational Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Anna University, BIT Campus, Tamil Nadu, Tiruchirappalli, India
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Pandey P, Hansmann UHE, Wang F. Altering the Solubility of the Antibiotic Candidate Nisin-A Computational Study. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:24854-24863. [PMID: 33015504 PMCID: PMC7528279 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The growing bacterial resistance to available antibiotics makes it necessary to look for new drug candidates. An example is the lanthionine-containing nisin, which has a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. While nisin is widely utilized as a food preservative, its poor solubility and low stability at physiological pH hinder its use as an antibiotic. As the solubility of nisin is controlled by the residues of the hinge region, we have performed molecular dynamics simulations of various mutants and studied their effects on nisin's solubility. These simulations are complicated by the presence of two uncommon residues (dehydroalanine and dehydrobutyrine) in the peptide. The primary goal of the present study is to derive rules for designing new mutants that will be more soluble at physiological pH and, therefore, may serve as a basis for the future antibiotic design. Another aim of our study is to evaluate whether existing force fields can model the solubility of these amino acids accurately in order to motivate further developments of force fields to account for solubility information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Pandey
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University
of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Ulrich H. E. Hansmann
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University
of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Feng Wang
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
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Ibarra-Sánchez LA, El-Haddad N, Mahmoud D, Miller MJ, Karam L. Invited review: Advances in nisin use for preservation of dairy products. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:2041-2052. [PMID: 31928749 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Dairy product safety is a global public health issue that demands new approaches and technologies to control foodborne pathogenic microorganisms. Natural antimicrobial agents such as nisin can be added to control the growth of pathogens of concern in dairy foods, namely Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. However, several factors affect the antimicrobial efficacy of nisin when directly added into the food matrix such as lack of stability at neutral pH, interaction with fat globules, casein, and divalent cations. To overcome these limitations, new and advanced strategies are discussed including nisin encapsulation technology, addition to active packaging, bioengineering, and combination with other antimicrobials. This review highlights advanced technologies with potential to expand and improve the use of nisin as a dairy preservative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Ibarra-Sánchez
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
| | - Nancy El-Haddad
- Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Notre Dame University-Louaize, Zouk Mosbeh, Lebanon PO Box: 72, Zouk Mikael, Lebanon
| | - Darine Mahmoud
- Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Notre Dame University-Louaize, Zouk Mosbeh, Lebanon PO Box: 72, Zouk Mikael, Lebanon
| | - Michael J Miller
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
| | - Layal Karam
- Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Notre Dame University-Louaize, Zouk Mosbeh, Lebanon PO Box: 72, Zouk Mikael, Lebanon.
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Feng Y, Ibarra-Sánchez LA, Luu L, Miller MJ, Lee Y. Co-assembly of nisin and zein in microfluidics for enhanced antilisterial activity in Queso Fresco. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.05.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Modugno C, Loupiac C, Bernard A, Jossier A, Neiers F, Perrier-Cornet JM, Simonin H. Effect of high pressure on the antimicrobial activity and secondary structure of the bacteriocin nisin. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Gregor CR, Cerasoli E, Tulip PR, Ryadnov MG, Martyna GJ, Crain J. Autonomous folding in the membrane proximal HIV peptide gp41659–671: pH tuneability at micelle interfaces. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:127-35. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp01502d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Cerrutti P, Terebiznik MR, de Huergo MS, Jagus R. Combined effect of water activity and pH on the inhibition of Escherichia coli by nisin. J Food Prot 2001; 64:1510-4. [PMID: 11601698 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-64.10.1510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The Doehlert design and surface response methodology were used to study the influence of pH and water activity (aw) on Escherichia coli inhibition by nisin. Combining stress factors at levels where they are not inhibitory by themselves, a reduction of E. coli survival fraction can be achieved with lower nisin doses than in a single nisin treatment. For all the pH values assayed, a synergistic effect of aw and nisin concentration was detected, and the isoresponse lines showed the existence of an area of maximum inhibition. Factors that reduced viable cell counts by 4 to 5 log cycles were 1,000 to 1,400 IU of nisin per ml at pH 5.5 to 6.5 and a water activity of 0.97 and 0.98. The addition of different ionic and nonionic solutes to control aw suggested that the effect of aw in the inhibitory action of nisin on E. coli cells was not solute-specific. The use of the Doehlert experimental design was effective to determine the optimal combination of stress factors, as well as to point out the most important variables that affected E. coli inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Cerrutti
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería-Universidad de Buenos Aires-Argentina
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