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Cytoprotective effect of selenium polysaccharide from Pleurotus ostreatus against H2O2-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in PC12 cells. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Liu H, Wang D, Wang J, Liu M, Yang Y, Zhong S. A natural selenium polysaccharide from Pleurotus ostreatus: Structural elucidation, anti-gastric cancer and anti-colon cancer activity in vitro. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 201:630-640. [PMID: 35066027 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The development and application of new natural selenium polysaccharides with relatively clear structure and excellent activity have become hot and difficult issues. This study used GC-MS and 2D NMR to characterize the detailed chain structure information of selenium polysaccharide (Se-POP-3) from Selenium-enriched Pleurotus ostreatus, and then explored its anti-gastric cancer and anti-colon cancer effects in vitro. Results showed that the main chain of Se-POP-3 was →[3)-β-D-Glcp-(1]2 → 6)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 3,6)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 3)-β-D-Glcp-(1→, and the branch was α-D-Glcp-(1 → [4)-α-D-Glcp-(1]4→, which was connected to the main chain through the O-3 bond of →3,6)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → glycosidic bond. In addition, Se-POP-3 could reduce viability, induce apoptosis, inhibit migration and invasion, destroy the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and inhibit the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of MGC-803 and HCT-116 cells in vitro. Moreover, this study also showed that within the concentration range set in this study, Se-POP-3 had no significant effect on the growth of normal cells (NCM460 cells). This study can provide a theoretical basis for the potential application of Se-POP-3 as an anti-gastrointestinal cancer drug or functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunshan Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zhuomin Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Hui Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - De Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Jiahui Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Meng Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yanjing Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Shian Zhong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
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Şahin Y, Aslantürk ÖS, Çelik T, Sevinçek R, Aygün M, Metin K, Fırıncı E, Özgener H. Cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of 1,2-diborolanes with strong donor substitutes on human cancer cells. Bioorg Chem 2021; 117:105443. [PMID: 34689081 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, boron compounds have become more common as chemotherapy agents against certain types of cancers. Along with the development of boron-based therapeutic agents have come investigations into the various cancers and biochemical and molecular mechanisms affected by boron compounds and the relationships between boron compounds and chemical protection against cancer. In this preliminary study, the effects of new 1,2-N-substituted-1,2-diborolane derivatives on types of breast and liver cancers were examined for the first time. Four were found to significantly affect the cell viabilities and mitochondrial membrane potential changes in MCF-7, HepG2 and Hep3B cancer cells. Each was prepared in n-hexane at various concentrations (5, 10, 25, 50, 75 and 100 µg/mL). Human peripheral blood lymphocytes were used as control cells. Compounds 1, 2, 3a, and 3b 1,2-diborolane derivatives selectively killed cancer cells, but compound 1 was cytotoxic in a concentration-dependent manner on HepG2 and Hep3B and only at concentrations of at least 75 µg/mL on MCF-7 cells. Compound 3a exhibited cytotoxic effect on lymphocytes at 75 and 100 µgmL-1 concentrations, but compounds 1, 2 and 3b, 3c and 3d have not possessed significant cytotoxic effect on lymphocytes. Compounds 3c and 3d have not possessed significant cytotoxic effects. Mitochondrial membrane potential assay results supported these findings. Our results reveal that 1,2-diborolane derivates have high cytotoxic and apoptotic activities on human hepatocarcinoma cells and are therefore potential candidates in the development of new drugs against liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yüksel Şahin
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Adnan Menderes University, 09010 Aydın, Turkey.
| | - Özlem Sultan Aslantürk
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Adnan Menderes University, 09010 Aydın, Turkey
| | - Tülay Çelik
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Adnan Menderes University, 09010 Aydın, Turkey
| | - Resul Sevinçek
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Dokuz Eylül University, 35160 İzmir, Turkey
| | - Muhittin Aygün
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Dokuz Eylül University, 35160 İzmir, Turkey
| | - Kubilay Metin
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Adnan Menderes University, 09010 Aydın, Turkey
| | - Erkan Fırıncı
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Adnan Menderes University, 09010 Aydın, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Özgener
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, İzmir Institute of Technology, Urla 35430, İzmir, Turkey
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Physicochemical characterization and antitumor activity in vitro of a selenium polysaccharide from Pleurotus ostreatus. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:2934-2946. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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5
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Huang W, Deng H, Jin S, Ma X, Zha K, Xie M. The isolation, structural characterization and anti-osteosarcoma activity of a water soluble polysaccharide from Agrimonia pilosa. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 187:19-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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6
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Chen D, Sun S, Cai D, Kong G. Induction of mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis in T24 cells by a selenium (Se)-containing polysaccharide from Ginkgo biloba L. leaves. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 101:126-130. [PMID: 28283461 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, a selenium (Se)-containing polysaccharide (Se-GBLP) was isolated and purified from the leaves of Ginkgo biloba L. Se-GBLP was further evaluated for its antitumor activity against human bladder cancer T24 cells together with the possible mechanism of action. Our results showed that treatment of T24 cells with Se-GBLP (50, 100 and 200μg/ml) for 48h significantly inhibited cell viability and induced apoptosis in a dose- dependent manner. This Se-GBLP-induced apoptosis is associated with an increased protein expression of pro-apoptotic Bax, decreased expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and cleavage of caspase-9, caspase-3 and PARP, suggesting that Se-GBLP-induced apoptosis occurs through the mitochondria-dependent pathway. Se-GBLP therefore merits further investigation as a promising preventive and/or therapeutic agent against human bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Chen
- Department of urological surgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Shaopeng Sun
- Department of urological surgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Dawei Cai
- Department of urological surgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Guangqi Kong
- Department of urological surgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China.
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Srdic-Rajic T, Tisma-Miletic N, Cavic M, Kanjer K, Savikin K, Galun D, Konic-Ristic A, Zoranovic T. Sensitization of K562 Leukemia Cells to Doxorubicin by theViscum albumExtract. Phytother Res 2015; 30:485-95. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Srdic-Rajic
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology; Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia; Belgrade Serbia
| | - Nevena Tisma-Miletic
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology; Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia; Belgrade Serbia
| | - Milena Cavic
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology; Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia; Belgrade Serbia
| | - Ksenija Kanjer
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology; Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia; Belgrade Serbia
| | - Katarina Savikin
- Institute for Medicinal Plant Research ‘Dr Josif Pančić’; Belgrade Serbia
| | - Danijel Galun
- University Clinic for Digestive Surgery; Clinical center Serbia; Belgrade Serbia
- Belgrade University Medical School; Belgrade Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Konic-Ristic
- Institute for Medical Research, Center of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism; Belgrade University; Belgrade Serbia
| | - Tamara Zoranovic
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology; Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia; Belgrade Serbia
- Max Plank Institute for Infection Biology; Berlin Germany
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Geng ZH, Huang L, Song MB, Song YM. Cardiovascular effects in vitro of a polysaccharide from Salvia miltiorrhiza. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 121:241-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Revised: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Horibe S, Matsuda A, Tanahashi T, Inoue J, Kawauchi S, Mizuno S, Ueno M, Takahashi K, Maeda Y, Maegouchi T, Murakami Y, Yumoto R, Nagai J, Takano M. Cisplatin resistance in human lung cancer cells is linked with dysregulation of cell cycle associated proteins. Life Sci 2015; 124:31-40. [PMID: 25625243 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Cisplatin (CDDP) is a platinum-based drug that is widely used in cancer chemotherapy, but the development of resistance in tumor cells is a major weakness of these treatments. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain cisplatin resistance, and disruption of certain cellular pathways could modulate drug sensitivity to cisplatin. A lower level of cross-resistance to cisplatin leads to better outcomes in clinical use. MAIN METHODS Cross-resistance was assessed using cisplatin resistant lung cancer cell line A549/CDDP. Cell cycle analysis was used to examine the effect of cisplatin on cell signaling pathways regulating G2/M transition in cisplatin resistant cells. KEY FINDINGS A549/CDDP cells exhibited cross-resistance to carboplatin, but not oxaliplatin, which is often found in platinum analogues. Flow cytometry showed that nocodazole treatment caused a G2/M block in both A549/CDDP cells and cisplatin susceptible cells. However, A549/CDDP cells escaped the G2/M block following exposure to cisplatin. Activation of the Cdc2/CyclinB complex is required for transition from G2 to M phase, and the inactive form of phosphorylated Cdc2 is activated by Cdc25C dephosphorylation of Tyr15. In the cisplatin-treated susceptible cells, the levels of phosphorylated Cdc2 and Cdc25C were markedly decreased, leading to a loss of Cdc2 activity and G2/M arrest. In A549/CDDP cells, however, Cdc2 activity was supported by the expression of Cdc2 and Cdc25C after the addition of cisplatin, which resulted in G2/M progression. SIGNIFICANCE The resistance phenotype of G2/M progression has been correlated with dysregulation of Cdc2 in a human lung cancer cell line selected for cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayo Horibe
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Biochemical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University, Kure, Hiroshima 737-0112, Japan; Department of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Akira Matsuda
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Biochemical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University, Kure, Hiroshima 737-0112, Japan
| | - Toshihito Tanahashi
- Department of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe 658-8558, Japan.
| | - Jun Inoue
- Department of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Shoji Kawauchi
- Department of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Shigeto Mizuno
- Department of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Masaki Ueno
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Biochemical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University, Kure, Hiroshima 737-0112, Japan
| | - Kyohei Takahashi
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Biochemical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University, Kure, Hiroshima 737-0112, Japan
| | - Yusaku Maeda
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Biochemical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University, Kure, Hiroshima 737-0112, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Maegouchi
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Biochemical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University, Kure, Hiroshima 737-0112, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Murakami
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Ryoko Yumoto
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Junya Nagai
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Mikihisa Takano
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
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Oxymatrine induces mitochondria dependent apoptosis in human osteosarcoma MNNG/HOS cells through inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:1619-25. [PMID: 24078465 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1223-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytostatic drug from traditional Chinese medicinal herb has acted as a chemotherapeutic agent used in treatment of a wide variety of cancers. Oxymatrine, classified as a quinolizidine alkaloid, is a phytochemical product derived from Sophora flavescens, and has been reported to possess anticancer activities. However, the cancer growth inhibitory effects and molecular mechanisms in human osteosarcoma MNNG/HOS cell have not been well studied. In the present study, the cytotoxic effects of oxymatrine on MNNG/HOS cells were examined by MTT and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assays. The percentage of apoptotic cells and the level of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψ m) were assayed by flow cytometry. The levels of apoptosis-related proteins were measured by Western blot analysis or enzyme assay Kit. Our results showed that treatment with oxymatrine resulted in a significant inhibition of cell proliferation and DNA synthesis in a dose-dependent manner, which has been attributed to apoptosis. Furthermore, we found that oxymatrine considerably inhibited the expression of Bcl-2 whilst increasing that of Bax. This promoted mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria to the cytoplasm, as well as the activation of caspase-9 and -3. Moreover, addition of oxymatrine to MNNG/HOS cells also attenuated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) ⁄Akt signaling pathway cascade, evidenced by the dephosphorylation of P13K and Akt. Likewise, oxymatrine significantly suppressed tumor growth in female BALB/C nude mice bearing MNNG/HOS xenograft tumors. In addition, no evidence of drug-related toxicity was identified in the treated animals by comparing the body weight increase and mortality. Therefore, these findings should be useful for understanding the apoptotic cellular mechanism mediated by oxymatrine and might offer a therapeutic potential advantage for human osteosarcoma chemoprevention or chemotherapy.
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Li J, Wang S, Yin J, Pan L. Geraniin induces apoptotic cell death in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells in vitro and in vivo. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2013; 91:1016-24. [PMID: 24289071 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2013-0140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Geraniin has previously been reported to possess extensive biological activity. In this study, we reported that geraniin is an inhibitor of tumor activity in vitro and in vivo. Geraniin suppressed the proliferation of A549 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Geraniin arrested the cell cycle in the S phase and induced a significant accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as an increased percentage of cells with mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) disruption. Western blot analysis showed that geraniin inhibited Bcl-2 expression and induced Bax expression to disintegrate the outer mitochondrial membrane and cause cytochrome c release. Mitochondrial cytochrome c release was associated with the activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3 cascades. Additionally, geraniin resulted in tumor growth inhibition in A549 xenografts. Our results indicate cytotoxic activity of geraniin towards cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Department of Endoscopy, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Siran Wang
- Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jimei Yin
- Department of Endoscopy, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Linna Pan
- Department of Endoscopy, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
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Díez-Dacal B, Gayarre J, Gharbi S, Timms JF, Coderch C, Gago F, Pérez-Sala D. Identification of aldo-keto reductase AKR1B10 as a selective target for modification and inhibition by prostaglandin A(1): implications for antitumoral activity. Cancer Res 2011; 71:4161-71. [PMID: 21507934 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-3816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cyclopentenone prostaglandins (cyPG) are reactive eicosanoids that may display anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative actions, possibly offering therapeutic potential. Here we report the identification of members of the aldo-keto reductase (AKR) family as selective targets of the cyPG prostaglandin A(1) (PGA(1)). AKR enzymes metabolize aldehydes and drugs containing carbonyl groups and are involved in inflammation and tumorigenesis. Thus, these enzymes represent a class of targets to develop small molecule inhibitors with therapeutic activity. Molecular modeling studies pointed to the covalent binding of PGA(1) to Cys299, close to the active site of AKR, with His111 and Tyr49, which are highly conserved in the AKR family, playing a role in PGA(1) orientation. Among AKR enzymes, AKR1B10 is considered as a tumor marker and contributes to tumor development and chemoresistance. We validated the direct modification of AKR1B10 by biotinylated PGA(1) (PGA(1)-B) in cells, and confirmed that mutation of Cys299 abolishes PGA(1)-B incorporation, whereas substitution of His111 or Tyr49 reduced the interaction. Modification of AKR1B10 by PGA(1) correlated with loss of enzymatic activity and both effects were increased by depletion of cellular glutathione. Moreover, in lung cancer cells PGA(1) reduced tumorigenic potential and increased accumulation of the AKR substrate doxorubicin, potentiating cell-cycle arrest induced by this chemotherapeutic agent. Our findings define PGA(1) as a new AKR inhibitor and they offer a framework to develop compounds that could counteract cancer chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Díez-Dacal
- Department of Chemical and Physical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
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Satraplatin (JM-216) mediates G2/M cell cycle arrest and potentiates apoptosis via multiple death pathways in colorectal cancer cells thus overcoming platinum chemo-resistance. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2010; 67:1299-312. [DOI: 10.1007/s00280-010-1428-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2010] [Accepted: 08/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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14
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Luo M, Liu X, Zu Y, Fu Y, Zhang S, Yao L, Efferth T. Cajanol, a novel anticancer agent from Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] roots, induces apoptosis in human breast cancer cells through a ROS-mediated mitochondrial pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2010; 188:151-60. [PMID: 20638373 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2010.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2010] [Revised: 07/06/2010] [Accepted: 07/07/2010] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cajanol (5-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl)-7-methoxychroman-4-one) is an isoflavanone from Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] roots. As the most effective phytoalexin in pigeonpea, the cytotoxic activity of cajanol towards cancer cells has not been report as yet. In the present study, the anticancer activity of cajanol towards MCF-7 human breast cancer cells was investigated. In order to explore the underlying mechanism of cell growth inhibition of cajanol, cell cycle distribution, DNA fragmentation assay and morphological assessment of nuclear change, ROS generation, mitochondrial membrane potential (DeltaPsim) disruption, and expression of caspase-3 and caspase-9, Bax, Bcl-2, PARP and cytochrome c were measured in MCF-7 cells. Cajanol inhibited the growth of MCF-7 cells in a time and dose-dependent manner. The IC(50) value was 54.05 microM after 72 h treatment, 58.32 microM after 48 h; and 83.42 microM after 24h. Cajanol arrested the cell cycle in the G2/M phase and induced apoptosis via a ROS-mediated mitochondria-dependent pathway. Western blot analysis showed that cajanol inhibited Bcl-2 expression and induced Bax expression to desintegrate the outer mitochondrial membrane and causing cytochrome c release. Mitochondrial cytochrome c release was associated with the activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3 cascade, and active-caspase-3 was involved in PARP cleavage. All of these signal transduction pathways are involved in initiating apoptosis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating the cytotoxic activity of cajanol towards cancer cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
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Compagnin C, Mognato M, Celotti L, Canti G, Palumbo G, Reddi E. Cell proliferation and cell cycle alterations in oesophageal p53-mutated cancer cells treated with cisplatin in combination with photodynamic therapy. Cell Prolif 2010; 43:262-74. [PMID: 20546244 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2010.00673.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The major goal of anti-cancer therapies is selective destruction of tumour cells with minimum side effects on normal cells. Towards this aim, combination of different therapeutic modalities has been evaluated for improving control of neoplastic diseases and quality of life for the patient. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a procedure for treatment of various types of cancer, but its combination with other established treatments has not been evaluated in detail. We have used KYSE-510 cells from a human oesophageal carcinoma as an in vitro model to investigate whether cisplatin (CDDP) could be combined with PDT to increase cell death with respect to single treatments. MATERIALS AND METHODS p53-mutated KYSE-510 cells were treated with CDDP alone or in combination with PDT. Analyses of cell viability, cell cycle progression and apoptosis induction were carried out at specific times after treatments. RESULTS Decrease in cell viability, cell cycle arrest at the G(2)/M- and S-phases boundary, and apoptosis induction were observed after single and combined treatments. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that low CDDP doses (0.25-1 microm) induce cell mortality and cell cycle perturbation, which were more evident when given in combination with PDT, but in contrast to work of other authors no synergistic activity was found. Apoptosis occurred via intrinsic pathways in treated cells, although it did not represent the predominant mode of cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Compagnin
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
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Kraljević Pavelić S, Marjanović M, Poznić M, Kralj M. Adenovirally mediated p53 overexpression diversely influence the cell cycle of HEp-2 and CAL 27 cell lines upon cisplatin and methotrexate treatment. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2009; 135:1747-61. [PMID: 19548002 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-009-0621-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2008] [Accepted: 06/02/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE p53 gene plays a crucial role in the response to therapy. Since it is inactivated in the majority of human cancers, it is strongly believed that the p53 mutations confer resistance to therapeutics. In this paper we analyzed the influence of two mechanistically diverse antitumor agents--cisplatin and methotrexate on the proliferation and cell cycle of two head and neck squamous cancer cell lines HEp-2 (wild type p53 gene, but HPV 18/E6-inactivated protein) and CAL 27 (mutated p53 gene), along with the influence of adenovirally mediated p53 overexpression in modulation of cisplatin and methoterexate effects, whereby subtoxic vector/compound concentrations were employed. METHODS p53 gene was introduced into tumor cells using adenoviral vector (AdCMV-p53). The cell cycle perturbations were measured by two parameter flow cytometry. The expression of p53, p21(WAF1/CIP1) and cyclin B1 proteins was examined using immunocytochemistry and western blot methods. RESULTS In CAL 27 cells overexpression of p53 completely abrogated high S phase content observed in methotrexate-treated cells into a G1 and slight G2 arrest, while it sustained G2 arrest of the cells treated with cisplatin, along with the reduction of DNA synthesis and cyclin B1 expression. On the other hand, in HEp-2 cell line p53 overexpression slightly slowed down the progression through S phase in cells treated with methotrexate, decreased the cyclin B1 expression only after 24 h, and failed to sustain the G2 arrest after treatment with cisplatin alone. Instead, it increased the population of S phase cells that were not actively synthesizing DNA, sustained cyclin B1 expression and allowed the G2 cells to progress through mitosis. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that adenovirally mediated p53 overexpression at sub-cytotoxic levels enhanced the activity of low doses of cisplatin and methotrexate in HEp-2 and CAL 27 cells through changes in the cell cycle. However, the mechanisms of these effects differ depending on the genetic context and on the chemotherapeutics' modality of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Kraljević Pavelić
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Bosković Institute, Bijenicka cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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17
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Rogalska A, Koceva-Chyła A, Jóźwiak Z. Aclarubicin-induced ROS generation and collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential in human cancer cell lines. Chem Biol Interact 2008; 176:58-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2008.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2008] [Revised: 07/01/2008] [Accepted: 07/04/2008] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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18
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Song G, Chen GG, Chau DKF, Miao J, Lai PBS. Bid exhibits S phase checkpoint activation and plays a pro-apoptotic role in response to etoposide-induced DNA damage in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Apoptosis 2008; 13:693-701. [PMID: 18373075 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-008-0195-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Bid has multiple functions in apoptosis, survival, and proliferation. The role of Bid in etoposide-induced-DNA damage in HCC has not been investigated. Here, we report that p53-overexpression led to the notable up-regulation of the expression of Bid protein, whereas the acquired expression of Bid by PLC/PRF/5 cells dramatically decreased the p53 level. Upon the administration of a high dose of etoposide (causing irreparable damage), Bid sensitized cells to apoptosis. However, at a low dose of etoposide (repairable damage), Bid activated the S phase checkpoint through the up-regulation of p21 and p27, which are both p53-independent. While the unrepairable damage was being carried out, Bid was quickly translocated to the mitochondria to release cytochrome c into the cytosol, which activated caspases 9 and 3 and led to cell death. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that Bid both exhibits S phase checkpoint activation and plays a pro-apoptotic role in response to different degrees of etoposide-induced DNA damage in HCC cells. The elucidation of these intricate mechanisms of Bid points to the development of a possible therapeutic option that combines cytotoxic therapies to treat HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Song
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
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19
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Nakagawa J, Matsuoka M. Suppression of zinc-induced p53 phosphorylation and p21 expression by wortmannin in A549 human pulmonary epithelial cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2008; 26:109-112. [PMID: 21783897 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2008.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2007] [Revised: 01/28/2008] [Accepted: 02/02/2008] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In A549 cells treated with zinc sulfate (ZnSO(4)), the levels of p53 phosphorylated at Ser15 and total p53 protein increased. Treatment with wortmannin, an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-related kinases, suppressed ZnSO(4)-induced phosphorylation and accumulation of p53 protein. Expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21, one of the genes regulated by p53, was up-regulated following exposure to ZnSO(4), and suppressed by preincubation with wortmannin. These results suggest that zinc might induce the phosphorylation of p53 at Ser15 through wortmannin-sensitive pathway(s) at least in part, and result in the transactivation of the p21 gene in this human pulmonary epithelial cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Nakagawa
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health I, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
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20
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Schäfer R, Hartig R, Sedehizade F, Welte T, Reiser G. Adenine nucleotides inhibit proliferation of the human lung adenocarcinoma cell line LXF-289 by activation of nuclear factor kappaB1 and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. FEBS J 2006; 273:3756-67. [PMID: 16911524 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2006.05384.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular nucleotides have a profound role in the regulation of the proliferation of diseased tissue. We studied how extracellular nucleotides regulate the proliferation of LXF-289 cells, the adenocarcinoma-derived cell line from human lung bronchial tumor. ATP and ADP strongly inhibited LXF-289 cell proliferation. The nucleotide potency profile was ATP = ADP = ATPgammaS > > UTP, UDP, whereas alpha,beta-methylene-ATP, beta,gamma-methylene-ATP, 2',3'-O-(4-benzoylbenzoyl)-ATP, AMP and UMP were inactive. The nucleotide potency profile and the total blockade of the ATP-mediated inhibitory effect by the phospholipase C inhibitor U-73122 clearly show that P2Y receptors, but not P2X receptors, control LXF-289 cell proliferation. Treatment of proliferating LXF-289 cells with 100 microm ATP or ADP induced significant reduction of cell number and massive accumulation of cells in the S phase. Arrest in S phase is also indicated by the enhancement of the antiproliferative effect of ATP by coapplication of the cytostatic drugs cisplatin, paclitaxel and etoposide. Inhibition of LXF-289 cell proliferation by ATP was completely reversed by inhibitors of extracellular signal related kinase-activating kinase/extracellular signal related kinase 1/2 (PD98059, U0126), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (SB203508), phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (wortmannin), and nuclear factor kappaB1 (SN50). Western blot analysis revealed transient activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2, and nuclear factor kappaB1 and possibly new formation of p50 from its precursor p105. ATP-induced attenuation of LXF-289 cell proliferation was accompanied by transient translocation of p50 nuclear factor kappaB1 and extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2 to the nucleus in a similar time period. In summary, inhibition of LXF-289 cell proliferation is mediated via P2Y receptors by activation of multiple mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways and nuclear factor kappaB1, arresting the cells in the S phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Schäfer
- Institut für Neurobiochemie, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität, Medizinische Fakultät, Magdeburg, Germany
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21
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Voland C, Bord A, Péleraux A, Pénarier G, Carrière D, Galiègue S, Cvitkovic E, Jbilo O, Casellas P. Repression of cell cycle–related proteins by oxaliplatin but not cisplatin in human colon cancer cells. Mol Cancer Ther 2006; 5:2149-57. [PMID: 16985047 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-05-0212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Oxaliplatin (Eloxatin) is a third-generation platinum derivative with an in vitro and in vivo spectrum of activity distinct from that of cisplatin, especially in colon cancer cells. Here, we studied the molecular basis of this difference on the HCT-116 human colon carcinoma cell line (mismatch repair-deficient, wild-type functional p53). Oxaliplatin inhibited HCT-116 cell proliferation with greater efficacy than cisplatin. At comparable concentrations, cisplatin slowed down the replication phase and activated the G2-M checkpoint, whereas oxaliplatin activated the G1-S checkpoint and completely blocked the G2-M transition. With the aim of finding oxaliplatin-specific target genes and mechanisms differing from those of cisplatin, we established the transcriptional signatures of both products on HCT-116 cells using microarray technology. Based on hierarchical clustering, we found that (a) many more genes were modulated by oxaliplatin compared with cisplatin and (b) among the 117 modulated genes, 79 were regulated similarly by both drugs and, in sharp contrast, 38 genes were dose dependently down-regulated by oxaliplatin and, conversely, up-regulated or unaffected by cisplatin. Interestingly, several cell cycle-related genes encoding proteins involved in DNA replication and G2-M progression belong to this latter group. RNA modulations, confirmed at the protein level, were in accordance with oxaliplatin- and cisplatin-induced cell cycle variations. Beyond the identification of genes affected by both drugs, the identified oxaliplatin-specific target genes could be useful as predictive markers for evaluating and comparing the efficacy and molecular pharmacology of platinum drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Voland
- Oncology Department, Sanofi-Synthelabo Recherche, F-34184 Montpellier Cedex 04, France
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22
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Yang C, Wu J, Zhang R, Zhang P, Eckard J, Yusuf R, Huang X, Rossman TG, Frenkel K. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) prevents transformation of human cells by arsenite (As) and suppresses growth of As-transformed cells. Toxicology 2005; 213:81-96. [PMID: 16085347 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2005.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2005] [Revised: 04/14/2005] [Accepted: 05/18/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that inflammatory cytokines and growth factors contribute to arsenite (As)-induced human carcinogenesis. We investigated the expression of inflammatory cytokine mRNAs during the transformation process induced by chronic As exposure in non-tumorigenic human osteogenic sarcoma (N-HOS) cells using gene arrays, and results were confirmed by RT-PCR and protein arrays. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a naturally occurring immunomodulating agent, was used to evaluate the role of inflammatory factors in the process of As-mediated N-HOS cell transformation and in As-transformed HOS (AsT-HOS) cells. We found that an 8-week continuous exposure of N-HOS to 0.3 microM arsenite resulted in HOS cell transformation. That exposure also caused substantial decreases in inflammatory cytokine mRNAs, such as interleukin (IL) IL-1alpha, IL-2, IL-8, IL-18, MCP-1, TGF-beta2, and TNF-alpha, while it increased c-jun mRNA in a time-dependent manner. Co-incubation of N-HOS with As and CAPE (0.5-2.5 microM) prevented As-mediated declines in cytokine mRNAs in the co-treated cells, as well as their transformation to anchorage independence, while it caused decreases in c-jun mRNA. CAPE (up to 10 microM) had no effect on growth of N-HOS cells. However, CAPE (1-10 microM) treatment of AsT-HOS cells inhibited cell growth, induced cell cycle G2/M arrest, and triggered apoptosis, accompanied by changes in cytokine gene expression, as well as decreases in cyclin B1 and cdc2 abundance. Resveratrol (RV) and (-)(.) epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), preventive agents present in grapes and green tea, respectively, induced similar changes in AsT-HOS cell growth but required much higher doses than CAPE to cause 50% growth arrest (<2.5 microM CAPE versus 25 microM RV or 50 microM EGCG). Overall, our findings suggest that inflammatory cytokines play an important role in the suppressive effects of CAPE on As-induced cell transformation and in the selective cytotoxicity of CAPE to As-transformed HOS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengfeng Yang
- Department of Environmental Medicine and NYU Cancer Institute, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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23
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Li G, Kim DH, Kim TD, Park BJ, Park HD, Park JI, Na MK, Kim HC, Hong ND, Lim K, Hwang BD, Yoon WH. Protein-bound polysaccharide from Phellinus linteus induces G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis in SW480 human colon cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2005; 216:175-81. [PMID: 15533593 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2004.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2004] [Revised: 07/01/2004] [Accepted: 07/06/2004] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The cytotoxic mechanism of protein-bound polysaccharide isolated from Phellinus linteus (PL, Mesima) has been investigated. PL inhibited the proliferation and colony formation of SW480 human colon cancer cells. Flow cytometry analysis showed that PL increased the populations of both apoptotic sub-G1 and G2/M phase. The result obtained from TUNEL assay corroborated apoptosis which was shown in flow cytometry. Western blot analysis suggested that PL-induced apoptosis and growth inhibition were associated with decrease in Bcl-2, increase of the release of cytochrome c, and reduced expression of cyclin B1. These results suggest that PL has a direct antitumor effect through apoptosis and cell cycle blockade in certain cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Li
- Department of Surgery ,College of Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, Chungnam National University and Hospital, 640 Daesa-Dong, Joong-Ku, Daejon 301-721, South Korea
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24
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Zhou H, Kato A, Yasuda H, Miyaji T, Fujigaki Y, Yamamoto T, Yonemura K, Hishida A. The induction of cell cycle regulatory and DNA repair proteins in cisplatin-induced acute renal failure. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2004; 200:111-20. [PMID: 15476864 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2004.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2004] [Accepted: 04/05/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expressions and the roles of proteins involved in cell cycle regulation and DNA repair in cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (cisplatin or CDDP)-induced acute renal failure (ARF). Treatment with CDDP (6 mg/kg, iv) induced tubular damage and increased serum creatinine (Scr) and the number of TUNEL-positive cells in the outer stripe of the outer medulla in rats, which reached peak levels at 5 days after CDDP. The expressions of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (p21 and p27), cyclin B1, cyclin D1, PCNA, GADD 45, and GADD 153 were significantly increased in the outer medulla, reaching peak levels at 3 days after CDDP. Increments of p27 and PCNA were observed in the same nuclei. Sodium arsenite (SA), a heavy metal, attenuated tubular damage and increased Scr- and TUNEL-positive cells at 5 days after CDDP. SA augmented CDDP-induced increment of p27 but suppressed the increased expression of cyclin B1 and cyclin D1 at 3 days after CDDP. SA-induced attenuation of nephrotoxicity was associated with enhanced expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and growth-arrest and DNA damage (GADD) 153 in damaged tubular cells. Our findings indicated that (1) proteins related to cell cycle regulation and DNA repair are induced in CDDP nephrotoxicity, (2) the SA-induced attenuation of CDDP nephrotoxicity is associated with increased expression of p27 and decreased expression of cyclin B1 and cyclin D1, they all induce cell cycle arrest at G1/S and G2/M, and (3) enhanced expression of DNA repair-related proteins is also associated with attenuation of CDDP-nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhou
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
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25
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Chen MF, Wu CT, Chen YJ, Keng PC, Chen WC. Cell killing and radiosensitization by caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) in lung cancer cells. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2004; 45:253-260. [PMID: 15304968 DOI: 10.1269/jrr.45.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is a biologically active ingredient of honeybee propoplis. The cytotoxicity and radiation sensitization effects of CAPE were evaluated in human lung cancer A549 cells and normal lung fibroblast WI-38 cells. A549 cells treated with 6 microg/ml CAPE showed marked growth inhibition (60%) at 48 hr after treatments. During the same time, the number of viable cells decreased to 46% of the control value. In contrast, WI-38 cells showed 20% growth inhibition with no change in the number of viable cells under the same treatment conditions. At 72 hr after CAPE treatment (6 microg/ml), the percentage of apoptotic cells in A549 cultures increased significantly to 67% and an S/G2 arrest was also detected in the culture. Furthermore, there was a significant decrease in the level of intracellular glutathione and hydrogen peroxide contents within one hr after CAPE treatment, and the expression of cyclin B1 was reduced 6 hr after treatment. The radiation sensitization effect of CAPE on A549 cells was determined from the clonogenic survival curves, and the results showed a small but significant difference in radiation survival between cells treated with or without CAPE. Taken together, our results suggest that the effects of CAPE on differential cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and radiosensitization are associated with glutathione depletion that occurred shortly after treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao-Fen Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-yi, Taiwan
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26
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Noh EJ, Lee JS. Functional interplay between modulation of histone deacetylase activity and its regulatory role in G2-M transition. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2003; 310:267-73. [PMID: 14521905 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The acetylation status of histones plays an essential role in regulating transcription and replication, and is thus involved in the proliferation and differentiation of normal and neoplastic cells. Here, we investigated the effect of trichostatin A (TSA), an inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs), on G2-M transition during the cell cycle. HDAC inhibition by TSA arrested the cell cycle at G2 and also induced escape from the mitotic arrest into G1. TSA reduced the expression of cyclin B1, a key cyclin for G2-M transition, but stimulated expression of p21(WAF1/Cip1), an inhibitor of CDK and Cdc2. In contrast, the expression of cyclin B1 but not p21(WAF1/Cip1) is enhanced during M. Moreover, histone acetylation at promoters of these two genes was regulated by TSA. TSA augmented acetylation of the p21(WAF1/Cip1) promoter but reduced that of the cyclin B1 promoter, suggesting the relationship between TSA-induced modulation of histone acetylation and differential expression of these genes. Taken together, our observations suggest that modulation of HDAC activity is implicated in the G2-M transition by regulating the transcription of cell cycle regulators, p21(WAF1/Cip1) and cyclin B1, via modulating acetylation status of the histones at their promoters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Joo Noh
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
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27
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Schafer R, Sedehizade F, Welte T, Reiser G. ATP- and UTP-activated P2Y receptors differently regulate proliferation of human lung epithelial tumor cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2003; 285:L376-85. [PMID: 12691958 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00447.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The involvement of P2Y receptors, which are activated by extracellular nucleotides, in proliferative regulation of human lung epithelial cells is unclear. Here we show that extracellular ATP and UTP stimulate bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation into epithelial cell lines. The nucleotide efficacy profile [ATP = ADP > UDP >or= UTP > adenosine >or= 2-methylthioadenosine-5'-diphosphate, with alpha,beta-methylene adenosine 5'-triphosphate, 2',3'-O-(4-benzoylbenzoyl)adenosine 5'-triphosphate, AMP, UMP, and ATPalphaS inactive] and PCR analysis indicate involvement of P2Y2 and P2Y6 receptors. The signal transduction pathway, which, via the P2Y2 receptor, transmits the proliferative activity of ATP or UTP in A549 cells downstream of phospholipase C, depends on Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II and nuclear factor-kappaB, but not on protein kinase C. Signaling does not involve the mitogen-activated protein kinases extracellular signal-regulated kinases-1 and -2, the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway, or Src kinases. Thus nucleotides regulate proliferation of human lung epithelial cells by a novel pathway. The stimulatory effect of UTP, but not ATP, in A549 cells is attenuated by preincubation with interleukin-1beta and interleukin-6, but not tumor necrosis factor-alpha. This indicates an important role for the pyrimidine-activated P2Y receptor in the inflammatory response of lung epithelia. ATP antagonizes the antiproliferative effect of the anticancer drugs paclitaxel and etoposide, whereas it enhances the activity of cisplatin about fourfold. Thus pathways activated by extracellular nucleotides differentially control proliferation of lung epithelial tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Schafer
- Institut für Neurobiochemie, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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28
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Rudolph P, Kühling H, Alm P, Fernö M, Baldetorp B, Olsson H, Parwaresch R. Differential prognostic impact of the cyclins E and B in premenopausal and postmenopausal women with lymph node-negative breast cancer. Int J Cancer 2003; 105:674-80. [PMID: 12740917 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.11132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Searching for new prognostic factors, we investigated the influence of cyclin expression on breast cancer prognosis. A total of 273 archival tumor specimens from patients with pT1/pT2 N0 breast cancers treated by surgery and local irradiation were immunostained for cyclins E, A and B. Outcome was evaluated as metastasis-free (MFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) over a median observation period of 99 months. In postmenopausal women, DSS was significantly predicted by cyclin E, and in premenopausal patients by cyclin B. No statistical significance was found for cyclin A. When the prognostic impact of cyclins was compared to that of standard prognostic indicators in a multivariate analysis, both cyclin E and cyclin B were selected as independent predictors of survival in postmenopausal and premenopausal patients, respectively. After inclusion of Ki-67 in the model, cyclin E lost its significance, whereas cyclin B remained the only independent prognostic factor with a hazard ratio of 4.5 (p = 0.026) for tumor-related death. Assessment of cyclin expression may, therefore, refine current prognostic models if considered in relation to menopausal status. The prognostic relevance of cyclins is likely attributable to an influence on proliferation, cell survival and genetic instability. Awareness of the molecular mechanisms leading to deregulated cyclin expression may guide decisions for risk-adapted therapy regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Rudolph
- Department of Pathology, University of Kiel, Michaelisstrasse 11, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
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29
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Minemoto Y, Uchida S, Ohtsubo M, Shimura M, Sasagawa T, Hirata M, Nakagama H, Ishizaka Y, Yamashita K. Loss of p53 induces M-phase retardation following G2 DNA damage checkpoint abrogation. Arch Biochem Biophys 2003; 412:13-9. [PMID: 12646262 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-9861(03)00010-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Most cell lines that lack functional p53 protein are arrested in the G2 phase of the cell cycle due to DNA damage. When the G2 checkpoint is abrogated, these cells are forced into mitotic catastrophe. A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells, in which p53 was eliminated with the HPV16 E6 gene, exhibited efficient arrest in the G2 phase when treated with adriamycin. Administration of caffeine to G2-arrested cells induced a drastic change in cell phenotype, the nature of which depended on the status of p53. Flow cytometric and microscopic observations revealed that cells that either contained or lacked p53 resumed their cell cycles and entered mitosis upon caffeine treatment. However, transit to the M phase was slower in p53-negative cells than in p53-positive cells. Consistent with these observations, CDK1 activity was maintained at high levels, along with stable cyclin B1, in p53-negative cells. The addition of butyrolactone I, which is an inhibitor of CDK1 and CDK2, to the p53-negative cells reduced the floating round cell population and induced the disappearance of cyclin B1. These results suggest a relationship between the p53 pathway and the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of mitotic cyclins and possible cross-talk between the G2-DNA damage checkpoint and the mitotic checkpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzuru Minemoto
- Department of Life Science, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, General Education Hall, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Ishikawa, Japan
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30
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Abstract
It is thought that when tumor cells are treated with anticancer drugs, they die through the apoptotic pathway and that cell resistance to cancer chemotherapy is mainly a resistance to apoptosis commitment. p53 is not functional in nearly half of the tumors examined and because of its involvement (directly or through its target genes) in the apoptotic pathway, drug resistance to chemotherapy has been largely attributed to the status of this "tumor suppressor protein". Topoisomerase II (topo II) inhibitors are widely used not only as single agents, but also in the majority of combination treatment protocols for hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. The relationship between p53 and topo II raises many questions about basic regulatory, biochemical, structural and functional characteristics that could be different in cells in different tissues, and most importantly, between different tumor cell types and their normal tissue counterpart. Understanding these relationships may lead to strategies for chemotherapy optimization and further precision targeting of tumor cells in order to avoid drug resistance and thereby chemotherapy failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola I Valkov
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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31
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van der Kuyl AC, van den Burg R, Zorgdrager F, Dekker JT, Maas J, van Noesel CJM, Goudsmit J, Cornelissen M. Primary effect of chemotherapy on the transcription profile of AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma. BMC Cancer 2002; 2:21. [PMID: 12204098 PMCID: PMC126247 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-2-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2002] [Accepted: 09/02/2002] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drugs & used in anticancer chemotherapy have severe effects upon the cellular transcription and replication machinery. From in vitro studies it has become clear that these drugs can affect specific genes, as well as have an effect upon the total transcriptome. METHODS Total mRNA from two skin lesions from a single AIDS-KS patient was analyzed with the SAGE (Serial Analysis of Gene Expression) technique to assess changes in the transcriptome induced by chemotherapy. SAGE libraries were constructed from material obtained 24 (KS-24) and 48 (KS-48) hrs after combination therapy with bleomycin, doxorubicin and vincristine. KS-24 and KS-48 were compared to SAGE libraries of untreated AIDS-KS, and to libraries generated from normal skin and from isolated CD4+ T-cells, using the programs USAGE and HTM. SAGE libraries were also compared with the SAGEmap database. RESULTS In order to assess the primary response of AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma (AIDS-KS) to chemotherapy in vivo, we analyzed the transcriptome of AIDS-KS skin lesions from a HIV-1 seropositive patient at two time points after therapy. The mRNA profile was found to have changed dramatically within 24 hours after drug treatment. There was an almost complete absence of transcripts highly expressed in AIDS-KS, probably due to a transcription block. Analysis of KS-24 suggested that mRNA pool used in its construction originated from poly(A) binding protein (PABP) mRNP complexes, which are probably located in nuclear structures known as interchromatin granule clusters (IGCs). IGCs are known to fuse after transcription inhibition, probably affecting poly(A)+RNA distribution.Forty-eight hours after chemotherapy, mRNA isolated from the lesion was largely derived from infiltrating lymphocytes, confirming the transcriptional block in the AIDS-KS tissue. CONCLUSIONS These in vivo findings indicate that the effect of anti-cancer drugs is likely to be more global than up- or downregulation of specific genes, at least in this single patient with AIDS-KS. The SAGE results obtained 24 hrs after chemotherapy can be most plausibly explained by the isolation of a fraction of more stable poly(A)+RNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoinette C van der Kuyl
- Department of Human Retrovirology, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 15, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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