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Hou Z, Ren Y, Zhang X, Huang D, Yan F, Sun W, Zhang W, Zhang Q, Fu X, Lang Z, Chu C, Zou B, Gao B, Jin B, Kang Z, Liu Q, Yan J. EP300-ZNF384 transactivates IL3RA to promote the progression of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:211. [PMID: 38566191 PMCID: PMC10986138 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01596-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The EP300-ZNF384 fusion gene is an oncogenic driver in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). In the present study, we demonstrated that EP300-ZNF384 substantially induces the transcription of IL3RA and the expression of IL3Rα (CD123) on B-ALL cell membranes. Interleukin 3 (IL-3) supplementation promotes the proliferation of EP300-ZNF348-positive B-ALL cells by activating STAT5. Conditional knockdown of IL3RA in EP300-ZF384-positive cells inhibited the proliferation in vitro, and induced a significant increase in overall survival of mice, which is attributed to impaired propagation ability of leukemia cells. Mechanistically, the EP300-ZNF384 fusion protein transactivates the promoter activity of IL3RA by binding to an A-rich sequence localized at -222/-234 of IL3RA. Furthermore, forced EP300-ZNF384 expression induces the expression of IL3Rα on cell membranes and the secretion of IL-3 in CD19-positive B precursor cells derived from healthy individuals. Doxorubicin displayed a selective killing of EP300-ZNF384-positive B-ALL cells in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, we identify IL3RA as a direct downstream target of EP300-ZNF384, suggesting CD123 is a potent biomarker for EP300-ZNF384-driven B-ALL. Targeting CD123 may be a novel therapeutic approach to EP300-ZNF384-positive patients, alternative or, more likely, complementary to standard chemotherapy regimen in clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Hou
- Department of Hematology, Liaoning Medical Center for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China.
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Translational Medicine, Dalian Key Laboratory of hematology, Diamond Bay institute of hematology, Blood Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China.
- Department of Pediatric, Pediatric Oncology and Hematology Center, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China.
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
| | - Yifei Ren
- Department of Hematology, Liaoning Medical Center for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Translational Medicine, Dalian Key Laboratory of hematology, Diamond Bay institute of hematology, Blood Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China
- Department of Pediatric, Pediatric Oncology and Hematology Center, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Center of Genome and Personalized Medicine, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Dan Huang
- Department of Hematology, Liaoning Medical Center for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Translational Medicine, Dalian Key Laboratory of hematology, Diamond Bay institute of hematology, Blood Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China
- Department of Pediatric, Pediatric Oncology and Hematology Center, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China
| | - Fanzhi Yan
- Department of Hematology, Liaoning Medical Center for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Translational Medicine, Dalian Key Laboratory of hematology, Diamond Bay institute of hematology, Blood Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China
- Department of Pediatric, Pediatric Oncology and Hematology Center, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China
| | - Wentao Sun
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Qingqing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Xihui Fu
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Zhenghui Lang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Chenyang Chu
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Boyang Zou
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Beibei Gao
- Department of Hematology, Liaoning Medical Center for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Translational Medicine, Dalian Key Laboratory of hematology, Diamond Bay institute of hematology, Blood Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China
- Department of Pediatric, Pediatric Oncology and Hematology Center, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China
| | - Bilian Jin
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Zhijie Kang
- Department of Hematology, Liaoning Medical Center for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China.
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Translational Medicine, Dalian Key Laboratory of hematology, Diamond Bay institute of hematology, Blood Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China.
- Department of Pediatric, Pediatric Oncology and Hematology Center, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China.
| | - Quentin Liu
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
| | - Jinsong Yan
- Department of Hematology, Liaoning Medical Center for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China.
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Translational Medicine, Dalian Key Laboratory of hematology, Diamond Bay institute of hematology, Blood Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China.
- Department of Pediatric, Pediatric Oncology and Hematology Center, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China.
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Su Y, Li SY, Ghosh S, Ortiz J, Hogge DE, Frankel AE. Characterization of variant diphtheria toxin-interleukin-3 fusion protein, DTIL3K116W, for phase I clinical trials. Biologicals 2009; 38:144-9. [PMID: 19783458 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2009.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2009] [Revised: 08/17/2009] [Accepted: 08/18/2009] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We have produced clinical grade of DTIL3K116W, a variant diphtheria toxin-interleukin-3 fusion protein, for treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. The product was filter sterilized, aseptically vialed, and stored at -80 degrees C. It was characterized by Coomassie-stained SDS-PAGE, endotoxin assay, cytotoxicity assay, sterility, mass spectroscopy, receptor binding affinity, ADP-ribosylation, inhibition of normal human CFU-GM, disulfide bond analysis, immunoblots, stability, size exclusion chromatography-HPLC, sequencing, and immunohistochemistry. Vialed product was sterile in 0.25 M NaCl/5 mM Tris, pH 7.9, and had a protein concentration of 1.08 mg/ml. Purity by SDS-PAGE was >99%. Aggregates by HPLC were <1%. Endotoxin levels were 0.296EU/mg. Peptide mapping and mass spectroscopy confirmed its composition and molecular weight. The vialed drug kept reactivity with anti-IL3 and DT antibodies. Potency study revealed a 48-h EC(50) of 0.5 pM on TF1/H-ras cell. Its binding properties were confirmed by competitive experiments showing IC(50) of 1.4 nM. ADP-ribosylation activity was equivalent to DTGM-CSF. Drug did not react with tested frozen human tissue sections by immunohistochemistry. There was no evidence of loss of solubility, proteolysis aggregation, or loss of potency over 6 months at -80 degrees C. Further, the drug was stable at 4 and 25 degrees C in the plastic syringe and administration tubing for 48 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Su
- Cancer Research Institute, Scott & White Memorial Hospital, Temple, TX, USA.
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Urieto JO, Liu T, Black JH, Cohen KA, Hall PD, Willingham MC, Pennell LK, Hogge DE, Kreitman RJ, Frankel AE. Expression and purification of the recombinant diphtheria fusion toxin DT388IL3 for phase I clinical trials. Protein Expr Purif 2004; 33:123-33. [PMID: 14680969 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2003.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2003] [Revised: 09/16/2003] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A genetically engineered fusion toxin targeted to acute myeloid leukemia (AML) blasts was designed with the first 388 amino acid residues of diphtheria toxin with an H-M linker fused to human interleukin-3. The cDNA was subcloned in the pRK bacterial expression plasmid and used to transform BLR (DE3) Escherichia coli. A single transformed colony was grown in Superbroth with ampicillin; bacteria were centrifuged at an OD(650) of 1.3; master cell bank aliquots of bacteria in 30% glycerol/Superbroth were frozen and stored at -80 degrees C. Master cell bank bacteria were diluted 1500-fold into Superbroth and recombinant protein was induced with 1 mM IPTG at an OD(650) of 0.6. After two additional hours of fermentation, inclusion bodies were isolated, washed, and denatured in guanidine hydrochloride and dithioerythritol. Recombinant protein was refolded by diluted 100-fold in cold buffer with arginine and oxidized glutathione. After dialysis, purified protein was obtained after anion-exchange, size exclusion on FPLC, and polymyxin B affinity chromatography. The final material was filter sterilized, aseptically vialed, and stored at -80 degrees C. Seventy-five 3-L bacterial culture preparations were made and pooled for the AT-1 batch (568 mL) and twenty-four 3-L bacterial culture preparations were made and pooled for the AT-2 batch (169 mL). The final product was characterized by Coomassie Plus protein assay, Coomassie-stained SDS-PAGE, limulus amebocyte lysate endotoxin assay, human AML TF/H-ras cell cytotoxicity assay, sterility, tandem mass spectroscopy, IL3 receptor binding affinity, ADP ribosylation activity, inhibition of normal human CFU-GM, disulfide bond analysis, immunoblots, peptide mapping, stability, HPLC TSK3000, N-terminal sequencing, E. coli DNA contamination, C57BL/6 mouse toxicity, cynomolgus monkey toxicity, and immunohistochemistry. Yields were 25.7+/-5.6 mg/L bacterial culture of denatured fusion toxin. After refolding and chromatography, final yields were 20+/-11% or 5 mg/L. Vialed product was sterile. Batches were in 0.25 M sodium chloride/5 mM Tris, pH 8, and had protein concentrations of 1.8-1.9 mg/mL. Purity by SDS-PAGE was 99+/-1%. Aggregates by HPLC were <1 %. Potency revealed a 48 h IC(50) of 6-8 pM on TF/H-ras cells. Endotoxin levels were 1 eu/mg. The remaining chemical and biologic assays confirmed the purity, composition, and functional activities of the molecule. The LD(10) in mice was 250 microg/kg/day every other day for six doses. The MTD in monkeys was 60 microg/kg/day every other day for six doses. Drug did not react with tested frozen human tissue sections by immunohistochemistry. There was no evidence of loss of solubility, proteolysis aggregation, or loss of potency over 6 months at -80 and -20 degrees C. Further, the drug was stable at 4 and 25 degrees C in the plastic syringe and administration tubing for 24 h and at 37 degrees C in human serum for 24 h. The synthesis of this protein drug should be useful for production for clinical phase I/II clinical trials and may be suitable for other diphtheria fusion toxins indicated for clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey O Urieto
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
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