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Braun VZ, Karbon G, Schuler F, Schapfl MA, Weiss JG, Petermann PY, Spierings DC, Tijhuis AE, Foijer F, Labi V, Villunger A. Extra centrosomes delay DNA damage-driven tumorigenesis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadk0564. [PMID: 38552015 PMCID: PMC10980279 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk0564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Deregulated centrosome numbers are frequently found in human cancer and can promote malignancies in model organisms. Current research aims to clarify if extra centrosomes are cause or consequence of malignant transformation, and if their biogenesis can be targeted for therapy. Here, we show that oncogene-driven blood cancer is inert to genetic manipulation of centrosome numbers, whereas the formation of DNA damage-induced malignancies is delayed. We provide first evidence that this unexpected phenomenon is connected to extra centrosomes eliciting a pro-death signal engaging the apoptotic machinery. Apoptosis induction requires the PIDDosome multi-protein complex, as it can be abrogated by loss of any of its three components, Caspase-2, Raidd/Cradd, or Pidd1. BCL2 overexpression equally blocks cell death, documenting for the first time induction of mitochondrial apoptosis downstream of extra centrosomes. Our findings demonstrate context-dependent effects of centrosome amplification during transformation and ask to adjust current belief that extra centrosomes are intrinsically pro-tumorigenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Z. Braun
- Institute for Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gerlinde Karbon
- Institute for Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Fabian Schuler
- Institute for Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marina A. Schapfl
- Institute for Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes G. Weiss
- Institute for Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Paediatrics I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Paul Y. Petermann
- Institute for Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Diana C.J. Spierings
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Andrea E. Tijhuis
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Floris Foijer
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Verena Labi
- Institute for Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Villunger
- Institute for Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- The CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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Gómez C, Garcia-Navas R, Baltanás FC, Fuentes-Mateos R, Fernández-Medarde A, Calzada N, Santos E. Critical Requirement of SOS1 for Development of BCR/ABL-Driven Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14163893. [PMID: 36010887 PMCID: PMC9406065 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14163893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The p210BCR/ABL oncoprotein is necessary and sufficient to trigger chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in mice. Our prior in vitro studies showing that the ABL-mediated phosphorylation of SOS1 promotes RAC activation and contributes to BCR-ABL leukemogenesis suggested the significant role of SOS1 in the development of CML. To provide direct in vivo experimental evidence of the specific contribution of SOS1 to the development of CML, here, we analyzed the effect of the direct genetic ablation of SOS1 or SOS2 on the genesis of p210BCR/ABL -driven CML in mice. Our data showed that direct SOS1 genetic ablation causes the significant suppression of all the pathological hallmarks typical of CML, demonstrating that SOS1 deficiency is protective against CML development and identifying this cellular GEF as a relevant, novel therapeutic target for the clinical treatment of this hematological malignancy. Abstract We showed previously that the ABL-mediated phosphorylation of SOS1 promotes RAC activation and contributes to BCR-ABL leukemogenesis, suggesting the relevant role of SOS1 in the pathogenesis of CML. To try and obtain direct experimental evidence of the specific mechanistic implication of SOS1 in CML development, here, we combined a murine model of CML driven by a p210BCR/ABL transgene with our tamoxifen-inducible SOS1/2-KO system in order to investigate the phenotypic impact of the direct genetic ablation of SOS1 or SOS2 on the pathogenesis of CML. Our observations showed that, in contrast to control animals expressing normal levels of SOS1 and SOS2 or to single SOS2-KO mice, p210BCR/ABL transgenic mice devoid of SOS1 presented significantly extended survival curves and also displayed an almost complete disappearance of the typical hematological alterations and splenomegaly constituting the hallmarks of CML. SOS1 ablation also resulted in a specific reduction in the proliferation and the total number of colony-forming units arising from the population of bone marrow stem/progenitor cells from p210BCR/ABL transgenic mice. The specific blockade of CML development caused by SOS1 ablation in p210BCR/ABL mice indicates that SOS1 is critically required for CML pathogenesis and supports the consideration of this cellular GEF as a novel, alternative bona fide therapeutic target for CML treatment in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmela Gómez
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca and CIBERONC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain or
| | - Rósula Garcia-Navas
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca and CIBERONC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain or
| | - Fernando C. Baltanás
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca and CIBERONC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain or
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Departamento de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Rocío Fuentes-Mateos
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca and CIBERONC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain or
| | - Alberto Fernández-Medarde
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca and CIBERONC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain or
| | - Nuria Calzada
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca and CIBERONC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain or
| | - Eugenio Santos
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca and CIBERONC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain or
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-923294801; Fax: +34-923294750
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3
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Ross TS, Mgbemena VE. Re-evaluating the role of BCR/ABL in chronic myelogenous leukemia. Mol Cell Oncol 2014; 1:e963450. [PMID: 27308345 PMCID: PMC4904890 DOI: 10.4161/23723548.2014.963450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2014] [Revised: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) requires the BCR/ABL tyrosine kinase for disease onset and maintenance. As a result, CML can be successfully treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) such as imatinib. Most patients are maintained in a disease-suppressed state on daily TKI therapy for several years and in many cases this treatment prevents progression to the blast phase. If the TKI is discontinued, CML redevelops in 95% of patients as a result of persisting leukemia initiating cells (LICs). There are several hypotheses that describe the potential mechanism(s) responsible for LIC persistence in CML, but supporting evidence is limited. Furthermore, of the few patients who discontinue TKI therapy and are "cured" (i.e., in treatment-free remission), most have residual BCR/ABL-expressing cells in their hematopoietic tissues. There are also healthy individuals without a CML diagnosis who express the BCR/ABL mutation in a fraction of their hematopoietic cells. Finally, mice that express BCR/ABL from the Bcr locus as a knockin mutation do not develop CML. These mice have lower BCR/ABL levels than retroviral or transgenic models of BCR/ABL that do develop CML. Understanding why mice with BCR/ABL expressed from the Bcr locus and some people that express BCR/ABL are not afflicted with CML will provide insights into therapies to prevent or cure this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodora S Ross
- Department of Internal Medicine; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center ; Dallas, TX USA
| | - Victoria E Mgbemena
- Department of Internal Medicine; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center ; Dallas, TX USA
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Sánchez-Sánchez B, Gutiérrez-Herrero S, López-Ruano G, Prieto-Bermejo R, Romo-González M, Llanillo M, Pandiella A, Guerrero C, Miguel JFS, Sánchez-Guijo F, Del Cañizo C, Hernández-Hernández A. NADPH oxidases as therapeutic targets in chronic myelogenous leukemia. Clin Cancer Res 2014; 20:4014-25. [PMID: 24833663 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-13-3044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cancer cells show higher levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) than normal cells and increasing intracellular ROS levels are becoming a recognized strategy against tumor cells. Thus, diminishing ROS levels could be also detrimental to cancer cells. We surmise that avoiding ROS generation would be a better option than quenching ROS with antioxidants. Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is triggered by the expression of BCR-ABL kinase, whose activity leads to increased ROS production, partly through NADPH oxidases. Here, we assessed NADPH oxidases as therapeutic targets in CML. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We have analyzed the effect of different NADPH oxidase inhibitors, either alone or in combination with BCR-ABL inhibitors, in CML cells and in two different animal models for CML. RESULTS NADPH oxidase inhibition dramatically impaired the proliferation and viability of BCR-ABL-expressing cells due to the attenuation of BCR-ABL signaling and a pronounced cell-cycle arrest. Moreover, the combination of NADPH oxidase inhibitors with BCR-ABL inhibitors was highly synergistic. Two different animal models underscore the effectiveness of NADPH oxidase inhibitors and their combination with BCR-ABL inhibitors for CML targeting in vivo. CONCLUSION Our results offer further therapeutic opportunities for CML, by targeting NADPH oxidases. In the future, it would be worthwhile conducting further experiments to ascertain the feasibility of translating such therapies to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Sánchez-Sánchez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL)
| | - Sara Gutiérrez-Herrero
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL); CIC, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC; and
| | - Guillermo López-Ruano
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL)
| | - Rodrigo Prieto-Bermejo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL)
| | - Marta Romo-González
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL)
| | - Marcial Llanillo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL)
| | - Atanasio Pandiella
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL); CIC, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC; and
| | - Carmen Guerrero
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL); CIC, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC; and
| | - Jesús F San Miguel
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL); Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Fermín Sánchez-Guijo
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL); Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Consuelo Del Cañizo
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL); Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Angel Hernández-Hernández
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL);
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Foley SB, Hildenbrand ZL, Soyombo AA, Magee JA, Wu Y, Oravecz-Wilson KI, Ross TS. Expression of BCR/ABL p210 from a knockin allele enhances bone marrow engraftment without inducing neoplasia. Cell Rep 2013; 5:51-60. [PMID: 24095735 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2013.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2013] [Revised: 07/27/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and some acute lymphoblastic leukemias are characterized by the t(9;22) chromosome, which encodes the BCR/ABL oncogene. Multiple mouse models of CML express BCR/ABL at high levels from non-Bcr promoters, resulting in the development of leukemias. In contrast, a significant fraction of healthy humans have been found to have BCR/ABL-positive hematopoietic cells. To bridge the gap between the information derived from current mouse models and nonleukemic humans with the BCR/ABL oncogene, we generated a knockin model with BCR/ABL p210 expressed from the Bcr locus. Unlike previous models, expression of BCR/ABL from the knockin allele did not induce leukemia. BCR/ABL mutant cells did exhibit favorable bone marrow engraftment compared to control cells. These data suggest that BCR/ABL expression alone is insufficient to induce disease. This model allows for inducible spatial and temporal control of BCR/ABL expression for analysis of early steps in the pathogenesis of BCR/ABL-expressing leukemias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha B Foley
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cancer Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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Takagi M, Sato M, Piao J, Miyamoto S, Isoda T, Kitagawa M, Honda H, Mizutani S. ATM-dependent DNA damage-response pathway as a determinant in chronic myelogenous leukemia. DNA Repair (Amst) 2013; 12:500-7. [PMID: 23694754 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2013.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Revised: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) begins with an indolent chronic phase, and subsequently progresses to an accelerated or blastic phase. Although several genes are known to be involved in the progression to blastic phase, molecular mechanisms for the evolution toward blast crisis have not been fully identified. Oncogenic stimuli enforce cell proliferation, which requires DNA replication. Unscheduled DNA replication enforced by oncogenic stimuli leads to double strand breaks on DNA. We found the DNA damage-response pathway is activated in bone marrow of chronic-phase CML patients possibly due to an enforced proliferation signal by BCR-ABL expression. Since ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) is a central player of the DNA damage-response pathway, we studied whether loss of this pathway accelerates blast crisis. We crossed Atm-knockout mice with BCR-ABL transgenic mice to test this hypothesis. Interestingly, the loss of one of the Atm alleles was shown to be enough for the acceleration of the blast crisis, which is supported by the finding of increased genomic instability as assayed by breakage-fusion-bridge (BFB) cycle formation. In light of these findings, the DNA damage-response pathway plays a vital role for determination of susceptibility to blast crisis in CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Takagi
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Department of the Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.
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7
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Li S. Src kinase signaling in leukaemia. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2007; 39:1483-8. [PMID: 17350876 PMCID: PMC2063586 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2007.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2006] [Revised: 01/23/2007] [Accepted: 01/25/2007] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Role of Src kinases in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia has been recently demonstrated in leukaemia mouse model. Retained activation of Src kinases by the BCR-ABL oncoprotein in leukaemic cells following inhibition of BCR-ABL kinase activity by imatinib indicates that Src activation by BCR-ABL is independent of BCR-ABL kinase activity and provides an explanation for reduced effectiveness of the BCR-ABL kinase activity inhibitors in Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Simultaneous inhibition of kinase activity of both BCR-ABL and Src kinases results in long-term survival of mice with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Leukaemic stem cells exist in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, and complete eradication of this group of cells would provide a curative therapy for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoguang Li
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA.
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8
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Abstract
The participation of Src kinases in the induction of BCR-ABL-induced B cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL), but not chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML), demonstrates cell type-specific signalling in Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) leukaemias. Different therapeutic strategies are therefore needed for B-ALL and CML. Activation of Src kinases is independent of BCR-ABL kinase activity for activation. Thus, Src kinases provide a mechanism for resistance to the BCR-ABL kinase inhibitors and potential targets for B-ALL therapy. Simultaneous targeting of both BCR-ABL and Src kinases may benefit human B-ALL patients. Leukaemic stem cells may exist in Ph+ B-ALL, and eradication of this group of cells would provide a curative method for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoguang Li
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, Maine 04609, USA.
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Inokuchi K, Dan K, Takatori M, Takahuji H, Uchida N, Inami M, Miyake K, Honda H, Hirai H, Shimada T. Myeloproliferative disease in transgenic mice expressing P230 Bcr/Abl: longer disease latency, thrombocytosis, and mild leukocytosis. Blood 2003; 102:320-3. [PMID: 12623846 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2002-10-3182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
P230 Bcr/Abl has been associated with indolent myeloproliferative disease (MPD). We generated transgenic mice expressing P230Bcr/Abl driven by the promoter of the long terminal repeat of the murine stem cell virus of the MSCV neo P230 BCR/ABL vector. Two founder mice exhibited mild granulocytosis and marked thrombocytosis and developed MPD. The disease of one founder mouse, no. 13, progressed to extramedullary myeloblastic crisis in the liver at 12 months old. The other founder mouse, no. 22, was found to have chronic-phase MPD with large populations of megakaryocytes and granulocytes in an enlarged spleen. The transgenic progeny of no. 22 clearly exhibited MPD at 15 months old. These results showed that P230Bcr/Abl had leukemogenic properties and induced MPD. The phenotype of the MPD caused by P230Bcr/Abl was characterized by mild granulocytosis, a high platelet count, infiltration of megakaryocytes in some organs, and a longer disease latency compared with the MPD caused by P210Bcr/Abl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koiti Inokuchi
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan.
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Błasiak J, Gloc E, Młynarski W, Drzewoski J, Skórski T. Amifostine differentially modulates DNA damage evoked by idarubicin in normal and leukemic cells. Leuk Res 2002; 26:1093-6. [PMID: 12443881 DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(02)00051-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Human lymphocytes, p53 protein-deficient acute promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60, murine pro-B lymphoid cell line BaF3 and its TEL/ABL-transformed clone cells were exposed to idarubicin with and without pre-treatment with amifostine. Idarubicin at 0.5-5 microM evoked DNA damage measured by the Comet assay. Amifostine at 14 mM decreased DNA-damaging effect of idarubicin in human lymphocytes and BaF3 cells, but increased the effect in TEL/ABL-transformed cells. Amifostine had no influence on the action of idarubicin in HL-60 cells. Our results suggest that the reaction of the cell to DNA damage may contribute to its diverse response to amifostine combined with anticancer drugs and that p53 and fusion tyrosine kinases may be involved in this diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janusz Błasiak
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland.
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