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Islam T, Chesnokov ON, Oleinikov AV, Yi P. Supported Erythrocyte Membranes on Piezoelectric Sensors for Studying the Interactions with Nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:17770-17781. [PMID: 38039387 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Applications of nanoparticles (NPs) in nanodrugs, food additives, and cosmetics can result in the presence of nanomaterials in the human circulatory system and their attachment to red blood cells (RBCs), which may lead to cytotoxic effects. To investigate the interactions of NPs with RBC membranes (RBCm), supported erythrocyte membranes (SRBCm) were developed on piezoelectric sensors in a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) at 25 °C. A well-dispersed RBCm suspension at 1 mM NaCl and 0.2 mM NaHCO3 was obtained from whole blood and comprised colloidal membrane fragments with the average hydrodynamic diameter and zeta potential of 390 nm and -0.53 mV, respectively, at pH 7.0. The thin and rigid SRBCm was formed mainly through the deposition of RBCm fragments on the poly-l-lysine-modified crystal sensor, leading to the average frequency shift of -26.2 Hz and the low ratio of the dissipation to frequency shift (7.2 × 10-8 Hz-1). The complete coverage of SRBCm was indicated by the plateau of the frequency shift in the stage of SRBCm formation and no deposition of negatively charged 106 nm polystyrene nanoparticles (PSNPs) on the SRBCm. Atomic force microscopy and immunofluorescence microscopy images showed that RBCm aggregates with the average size of 420 nm and erythrocyte membrane proteins existed on SRBCm, respectively. The methods of determining attachment efficiencies of model positively charged NPs (i.e., hematite NPs or HemNPs) and model negatively charged NPs (i.e., PSNPs) on SRBCm were demonstrated in 1 mM NaCl solution at pH 5.1 and pH 7.0, respectively. HemNPs exhibited a favorable deposition with an attachment efficiency of 0.99 while PSNPs did not show any attachment propensity toward SRBCm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanaz Islam
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geomatics Engineering, College of Engineering & Computer Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida 33431-6496, United States
| | - Olga N Chesnokov
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida 33431-6496, United States
| | - Andrew V Oleinikov
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida 33431-6496, United States
| | - Peng Yi
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geomatics Engineering, College of Engineering & Computer Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida 33431-6496, United States
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Revealing the ultrastructure of the membrane pores of intact Serratia marcescens cells by atomic force microscopy. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02636. [PMID: 31692582 PMCID: PMC6806401 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize the surface ultrastructure of intact Serratia marcescens cells under physiological conditions. Topographic information of membrane pores of the cells was obtained by atomic force microscope (AFM). Three types of membrane pores (CH-1-Pore A, CH-1-Pore B and CH-1-Pore C) were observed and the spatial arrangements of membrane-spanning subunits in membranes were defined. High-resolution images revealed that the doughnut-shaped structures of CH-1-Pore A and CH-1-Pore B were composed of six-to-eight and four transmembrane subunits. The inverted teepee-shaped structure of CH-1-Pore C was segmented into two transmembrane subunits straddling a single funnel-like pore. This study, to the best of authors' knowledge, represents the first direct characterization of the surface ultrastructure of the membrane pores of Serratia marcescens CH-1 cells at the nanometer scale and offers new prospects of mapping membrane pores on intact prokaryotic cells.
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Li X, Duan H, Liu Q, Umar M, Luo W, Yang X, Zhu J, Li M. Construction of a Pichia pastoris strain efficiently secreting irisin and assessment of its bioactivity in HepG2 cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 124:60-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Marasini C, Jacchetti E, Moretti M, Canale C, Moran O, Vassalli M. Visualization of single proteins from stripped native cell membranes: A protocol for high-resolution atomic force microscopy. Microsc Res Tech 2013; 76:723-32. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Marasini
- Istituto di Biofisica; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche; Genova; 16149; Italy
| | | | - Manola Moretti
- Nanophysics Dipartimento; Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; Morego; Genova; 16163; Italy
| | - Claudio Canale
- Nanophysics Dipartimento; Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; Morego; Genova; 16163; Italy
| | - Oscar Moran
- Istituto di Biofisica; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche; Genova; 16149; Italy
| | - Massimo Vassalli
- Istituto di Biofisica; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche; Genova; 16149; Italy
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Sheu BC, Lin CC, Fu YH, Lee SY, Lai HC, Wu RS, Liu CH, Tsai JC, Lin S. Unraveling the role of the rssC gene of Serratia marcescens by atomic force microscopy. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2010; 16:755-763. [PMID: 20961481 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927610093943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The product and direct role of the rssC gene of Serratia marcescens is unknown. For unraveling the role of the rssC gene, atomic force microscopy has been used to identify the surfaces of intact S. marcescens wild-type CH-1 cells and rssC mutant CH-1ΔC cells. The detailed surface topographies were directly visualized, and quantitative measurements of the physical properties of the membrane structures were provided. CH-1 and CH-1ΔC cells were observed before and after treatment with lysozyme, and their topography-related parameters, e.g., a valley-to-peak distance, mean height, surface roughness, and surface root-mean-square values, were defined and compared. The data obtained suggest that the cellular surface topography of mutant CH-1ΔC becomes rougher and more precipitous than that of wild-type CH-1 cells. Moreover, it was found that, compared with native wild-type CH-1, the cellular surface topography of lysozyme-treated CH-1 was not changed profoundly. The product of the rssC gene is thus predicted to be mainly responsible for fatty-acid biosynthesis of the S. marcescens outer membrane. This study represents the first direct observation of the structural changes in membranes of bacterial mutant cells and offers a new prospect for predicting gene expression in bacterial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bor-Ching Sheu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100-51, Taiwan.
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Orsini F, Santacroce M, Arosio P, Sacchi VF. Observing Xenopus laevis oocyte plasma membrane by atomic force microscopy. Methods 2010; 51:106-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2009.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2009] [Revised: 12/02/2009] [Accepted: 12/02/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Santacroce M, Orsini F, Mari SA, Marinone M, Lenardi C, Bettè S, Sacchi VF, Poletti G. Atomic force microscopy imaging of Xenopus laevis oocyte plasma membrane purified by ultracentrifugation. Microsc Res Tech 2008; 71:397-402. [PMID: 18172897 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.20559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to investigate the native plasma membrane of Xenopus laevis (X. laevis) oocyte purified by means of ultracentrifugation on sucrose gradient and subsequently adsorbed on mica leaves through a physisorption process. Reproducible AFM topography images were collected, analyzed, and compared. AFM images showed the presence of large single or double bilayer membrane sheets covered with protein complexes. The lateral dimension and height of protein complexes imaged in air showed a normal distribution centred on 15.4 +/- 0.4 nm (mean +/- SE; n = 59) and 3.9 +/- 0.2 nm (mean +/- SE; n = 57), respectively. A density of about 270 protein complexes per square micron was calculated. Less frequently, ordered nanometer domains with densely packed protein complexes arranged in hexagonal patterns were also visualized in AFM images, confirming previously published data. Their lateral dimension and height showed a normal distribution centred on 23.0 +/- 0.4 nm (mean +/- SE; n = 42) and 1.5 +/- 0.6 nm (mean +/- SE; n = 90), respectively. A density of about 870 protein complexes per square micrometer was calculated. Advantages and drawbacks of this new sample preparation for AFM imaging are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Santacroce
- Giovanni Esposito Institute of General Physiology and Biological Chemistry, University of Milan, Via Trentacoste 2, Milan, Italy
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Topography and functional information of plasma membrane. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 51:95-103. [DOI: 10.1007/s11427-008-0007-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2007] [Accepted: 11/11/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Shahin V, Barrera NP. Providing Unique Insight into Cell Biology via Atomic Force Microscopy. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CYTOLOGY 2008; 265:227-52. [DOI: 10.1016/s0074-7696(07)65006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Imaging CFTR in its native environment. Pflugers Arch 2007; 456:163-77. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-007-0399-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2007] [Accepted: 11/09/2007] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Orsini F, Santacroce M, Perego C, Lenardi C, Castagna M, Mari SA, Sacchi VF, Poletti G. Atomic force microscopy characterization of Xenopus laevis oocyte plasma membrane. Microsc Res Tech 2006; 69:826-34. [PMID: 16886228 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.20353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We used atomic force microscopy (AFM) to characterize the plasma membrane of Xenopus laevis oocytes. The samples were prepared according to novel protocols, which allowed the investigation of the extra- and intracellular sides of the membrane, both of which showed sparsely distributed spherical-like protrusions. Regions with comparably sized and densely packed structures arranged in an orderly manner were visualized and dimensionally characterized. In particular, two different arrangements, hexagonal and square packing, were recognizable in ordered regions. The lateral dimension of structures visualized on the external side had a normal distribution centered on 25.5 +/- 0.3 nm (mean value +/- SE), whereas that on the intracellular side showed a normal distribution centered on 30.2 +/- 0.8 nm. The height of the protrusions was 2-5 nm on the external side and 1-3 nm on the intracellular side. The mean number of structures on the external and intracellular sides of the plasma membrane was about 1000 microm(-2) and 850 microm(-2) respectively. Trypsin treatment greatly decreased the size of the membrane protrusions, thus confirming the proteic nature of the structures. These results show that AFM is a useful tool for structural characterization of proteins in a native eukaryotic membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Orsini
- Giovanni Esposito Institute of General Physiology and Biological Chemistry, University of Milan, Italy
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Murakoshi M, Gomi T, Iida K, Kumano S, Tsumoto K, Kumagai I, Ikeda K, Kobayashi T, Wada H. Imaging by atomic force microscopy of the plasma membrane of prestin-transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2006; 7:267-78. [PMID: 16761115 PMCID: PMC2504612 DOI: 10.1007/s10162-006-0041-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2005] [Accepted: 04/26/2006] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The high sensitivity of mammalian hearing is achieved by amplification of the motion of the cochlear partition. This cochlear amplification is thought to be generated by the elongation and contraction of outer hair cells (OHCs) in response to acoustical stimulation. This motility is made possible by a membrane protein embedded in the lateral membrane of OHCs. Although a fructose transporter, GLUT-5, was initially proposed to be this protein, a later study identified the gene of the motor protein distributed throughout the OHC plasma membrane. This protein has been named "prestin." However, although previous morphological studies by electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM) found the lateral wall of OHCs to be covered with 10-nm particles, believed to be motor proteins, it is unknown whether such particles consist only of prestin or are a complex of GLUT-5 and prestin molecules. To determine if the 10-nm particles are indeed constituted only of prestin, plasma membranes of prestin-transfected and untransfected Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, which do not express GLUT-5, were observed by AFM. First, the cells attached to a substrate were sonicated so that only the plasma membrane remained on the substrate. The cytoplasmic face of the cell was observed by the tapping mode of the AFM in liquid. As a result, particle-like structures were recognized on the plasma membranes of both the prestin-transfected and untransfected CHO cells. Comparison of the difference in the frequency distribution of these structures between those two cells showed approximately 75% of the particle-like structures with a diameter of 8-12 nm in the prestin-transfected CHO cells to be possibly constituted only by prestin molecules. Our data suggest that the densely packed 10-nm particles observed on the OHC lateral wall are likely to be constituted only of prestin molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michio Murakoshi
- Department of Bioengineering and Robotics, Tohoku University, 6-6-01 Aoba-yama, Sendai, 980-8579 Japan
| | - Takashi Gomi
- Department of Bioengineering and Robotics, Tohoku University, 6-6-01 Aoba-yama, Sendai, 980-8579 Japan
| | - Koji Iida
- Department of Bioengineering and Robotics, Tohoku University, 6-6-01 Aoba-yama, Sendai, 980-8579 Japan
| | - Shun Kumano
- Department of Bioengineering and Robotics, Tohoku University, 6-6-01 Aoba-yama, Sendai, 980-8579 Japan
| | - Kouhei Tsumoto
- Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, 277-8652 Japan
| | - Izumi Kumagai
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aoba-yama, Sendai, 980-8579 Japan
| | - Katsuhisa Ikeda
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan
| | - Toshimitsu Kobayashi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Wada
- Department of Bioengineering and Robotics, Tohoku University, 6-6-01 Aoba-yama, Sendai, 980-8579 Japan
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Abstract
The proteasome should be an ideal molecule for studies on large enzymatic complexes, given its multisubunit and modular structure, compartmentalized design, numerous activities, and its own means of regulation. Considering the recent increased interest in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, it is surprising that biophysical approaches to study this enzymatic assembly are applied with limited frequency. Methods including atomic force microscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, surface plasmon resonance, and high-pressure procedures all have gained popularity in characterization of the proteasome. These methods provide significant and often unexpected insight regarding the structure and function of the enzyme. This chapter describes the use of atomic force microscopy for dynamic structural studies of the proteasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel A Osmulski
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78245-3207, USA
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Melling M, Karimian-Teherani D, Mostler S, Behnam M, Hochmeister S. 3-D morphological characterization of the liver parenchyma by atomic force microscopy and by scanning electron microscopy. Microsc Res Tech 2004; 64:1-9. [PMID: 15287013 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.20045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A comparative study of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging of the healthy human liver parenchyma was carried out to determine the similarities and the differences. In this study, we compared the fine hepatic structures as observed by SEM and AFM. Although AFM revealed such typical hepatic structures as bile canaliculi and hepatocytes, it also showed the location of the nucleus and chromatin granules in rough relief structure, which was not visible by SEM. By contrast, SEM visualized other structures, such as microvilli, the central vein, and collagenous fibers, none of which was visualized by AFM. For better orientation and confirmation of most of the structures imaged by SEM and AFM, Congo Red-stained specimens were also examined. Amyloid deposits in the Disse's spaces were shown especially clearly in these images. The differences between the SEM and AFM images reflected the characteristics of the detection systems and methods used for sample preparation. Our results reveal that more detailed information on hepatic morphology is obtained by exploiting the advantages of both SEM and AFM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Melling
- First Department of Anatomy, University of Vienna, A-1170 Vienna, Austria.
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Horton M, Charras G, Lehenkari P. Analysis of ligand-receptor interactions in cells by atomic force microscopy. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2002; 22:169-90. [PMID: 12503614 DOI: 10.1081/rrs-120014594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) increasingly has been used to analyse "receptor" function, either by using purified proteins ("molecular recognition microscopy") or, more recently, in situ in living cells. The latter approach has been enabled by the use of a modified commercial AFM, linked to a confocal microscope, which has allowed adhesion forces between ligands and receptors in cells to be measured and mapped, and downstream cellular responses analysed. We review the application of AFM to cell biology and, in particular, to the study of ligand-receptor interactions and draw examples from our own work and that of others to show the utility of AFM, including for the exploration of cell surface functionalities. We also identify shortcomings of AFM in comparison to "standard" methods, such as receptor auto-radiography or immuno-detection, that are widely applied in cell biology and pharmacological analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Horton
- Department of Medicine, University College London, London WC IE 6JJ, UK.
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Abstract
The study of single molecules opens a new dimension in understanding nature down to its finest ramifications. While much progress was achieved in the last decade concerning the detection techniques, suitable techniques for manipulating and handling the biomolecules still bear a challenge. Primarily, the task is keeping an individual, active molecule of a certain lifespan in the spot. Here, we will focus on techniques for the functional immobilization of (single) molecules on surfaces to enable their observation at one position over a time period. Presenting the main methods of reversible immobilization we will accentuate the chelator lipid concept as combining all features prerequisite for functional, reversible and well-defined immobilization. This will also show that single molecule research in principle is the synthesis of an insight into the function of nature and nano-biotechnology (manipulation): thus of analytics, construction, and back.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Busch
- Institut für Physiologische Chemie, Philipps-Universiät Marburg, Germany
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Henderson RM, Oberleithner H. Pushing, pulling, dragging, and vibrating renal epithelia by using atomic force microscopy. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2000; 278:F689-701. [PMID: 10807580 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.2000.278.5.f689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal physiologists focus on events that take place on and around the surfaces of cells. Various techniques have been developed that follow transport functions at the molecular level, but until recently none of these techniques has been capable of making the behavior of molecular structures visible under physiological conditions. This apparent gap may be filled in the future by the application of atomic force microscopy. This technique produces an image not by optical means, but by "feeling" its way across a surface. Atomic force microscopy can, however, be modified in a number of ways, which means that besides producing a high-resolution image, it is possible to obtain several types of data on the interactions between the ultrastructural components of cell membranes (such as proteins) and other biologically active molecules (such as ATP). In this review we describe the recent use of the atomic force microscope in renal physiology, ranging from experiments in intact cells to those in isolated renal transport protein molecules, include examples of these extended applications of the technique, and point to uses that the microscope has recently found in other areas of biology that should prove fruitful in renal physiology in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Henderson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QJ, United Kingdom.
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