Dilsiz N, Sahaboglu A, Yildiz MZ, Reichenbach A. Protective effects of various antioxidants during ischemia-reperfusion in the rat retina.
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2005;
244:627-33. [PMID:
16205934 DOI:
10.1007/s00417-005-0084-6]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2005] [Revised: 06/14/2005] [Accepted: 07/06/2005] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Oxidative stress during ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) is thought to be a major cause of retinal injury after I/R. The present study was aimed at investigating the protective role of antioxidant application.
METHODS
Four commonly used antioxidants (vitamin E=alpha tocopherol, lutein, fenugreek=Trigonella foenum-graecum and germander=Teucrium multicaule) were applied in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury of the right retinae of 51 adult pigmented rats. Each of the antioxidants was administered every 6 h, beginning 6 h before the ischemia. After 60 min ischemia and 24 h reperfusion, we assayed (1) oxidative damage by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA), (2) apoptosis by measuring activated caspase-3 (using immunoblots), and (3) intrinsic antioxidative capacity by measuring glutathione (GSH) levels in the retinae.
RESULTS
In the order of lutein>Trigonella>vitamin E>Teucrium, all four compounds were effective in preventing retinal damage by I/R, as (1) they significantly decreased the formation of MDA (8.83, 16.48, 17.24, 18.5 nmol/100 mg tissue wet weight, respectively) compared with I/R without protection (23.29 nmol/100 mg tissue wet weight; controls: 8.0 nmol/100 mg tissue wet weight); (2) they significantly inhibited the activation of caspase-3 [0.01, 0.02, 0,02, and 0.04 arbitrary units (AU), respectively, versus control, 0.0, and I/R, 0.08 AU]; and (3) they significantly decelerated the loss of GSH (from control levels of 36.04 nmol/100 mg tissue wet weight) to 30.4, 15.98, 18.1, 15.02 nmol/100 mg tissue wet weight, respectively (lutein, Trigonella, vitamin E, Teucrium), compared with unprotected I/R (12.84 nmol/100 mg tissue wet weight).
CONCLUSIONS
Our study shows that lutein, Trigonella, Teucrium and vitamin E exert protection against in vivo retinal I/R injury in rats; this may recommend these compounds (in particular, lutein) for clinical use in patients with different types of ocular I/R injuries.
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