1
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Mbadhi MN, Tang JM, Zhang JX. Histone Lysine Methylation and Long Non-Coding RNA: The New Target Players in Skeletal Muscle Cell Regeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:759237. [PMID: 34926450 PMCID: PMC8678087 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.759237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Satellite stem cell availability and high regenerative capacity have made them an ideal therapeutic approach for muscular dystrophies and neuromuscular diseases. Adult satellite stem cells remain in a quiescent state and become activated upon muscular injury. A series of molecular mechanisms succeed under the control of epigenetic regulation and various myogenic regulatory transcription factors myogenic regulatory factors, leading to their differentiation into skeletal muscles. The regulation of MRFs via various epigenetic factors, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA, determine the fate of myogenesis. Furthermore, the development of histone deacetylation inhibitors (HDACi) has shown promising benefits in their use in clinical trials of muscular diseases. However, the complete application of using satellite stem cells in the clinic is still not achieved. While therapeutic advancements in the use of HDACi in clinical trials have emerged, histone methylation modulations and the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) are still under study. A comprehensive understanding of these other significant epigenetic modulations is still incomplete. This review aims to discuss some of the current studies on these two significant epigenetic modulations, histone methylation and lncRNA, as potential epigenetic targets in skeletal muscle regeneration. Understanding the mechanisms that initiate myoblast differentiation from its proliferative state to generate new muscle fibres will provide valuable information to advance the field of regenerative medicine and stem cell transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdaleena Naemi Mbadhi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Jun-Ming Tang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Jing-Xuan Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
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2
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Peper S, Vo T, Ahuja N, Awad K, Mikos AG, Varanasi V. Bioprinted nanocomposite hydrogels: A proposed approach to functional restoration of skeletal muscle and vascular tissue following volumetric muscle loss. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2021; 58:35-43. [PMID: 33853025 PMCID: PMC8718378 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal conditions are the highest contributor to global disability, accounting for 16% of all ages lived with disability. Volumetric muscle loss (VML) is classified as significant damage to skeletal muscle compartments and motor units, leading to significant tissue loss, functional deficits, and long-term disability. In this review, the current tissue engineering approaches in terms of fabrication techniques, materials, cell sources, and growth factors for enhanced angiogenesis and neuromuscular junction (NMJ) in VML repair, are discussed. Review of results recently published in the literature suggested that bioprinted nanocomposite hydrogels (NC gels) seeded with adult muscle progenitor cells that promote secretion of endogenous vascular growth factors have potential applications in promoting skeletal muscle regeneration, revascularization, and NMJ repair (Figure 1). Despite recent advancements, future research is needed on NC gels and the complex processes underlying vascular infiltration and NMJ repair in VML injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Peper
- Bone Muscle Research Center, College of Nursing & Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, 701 South Nedderman Drive, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA; Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, The University of Texas at Arlington, 701 South Nedderman Drive, Box 19138, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA
| | - Thy Vo
- Bone Muscle Research Center, College of Nursing & Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, 701 South Nedderman Drive, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA; Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing & Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, 411 South Nedderman Drive, Box 19407, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA
| | - Neelam Ahuja
- Bone Muscle Research Center, College of Nursing & Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, 701 South Nedderman Drive, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA; Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing & Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, 411 South Nedderman Drive, Box 19407, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA
| | - Kamal Awad
- Bone Muscle Research Center, College of Nursing & Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, 701 South Nedderman Drive, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA; Department of Materials Science & Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Texas at Arlington, 701 South Nedderman Drive, Box 19138, Arlington, TX, 76019 & National Research Center, 12622, Egypt
| | - Antonios G Mikos
- Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, Center for Excellence in Tissue Engineering, J.W. Cox Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering, Rice University, P.O. Box 1892, Houston, TX, 77251, USA
| | - Venu Varanasi
- Bone Muscle Research Center, College of Nursing & Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, 701 South Nedderman Drive, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA; Department of Nursing, College of Nursing & Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, 411 South Nedderman Drive Box 19407, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA.
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3
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Alarcin E, Bal-Öztürk A, Avci H, Ghorbanpoor H, Dogan Guzel F, Akpek A, Yesiltas G, Canak-Ipek T, Avci-Adali M. Current Strategies for the Regeneration of Skeletal Muscle Tissue. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5929. [PMID: 34072959 PMCID: PMC8198586 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic injuries, tumor resections, and degenerative diseases can damage skeletal muscle and lead to functional impairment and severe disability. Skeletal muscle regeneration is a complex process that depends on various cell types, signaling molecules, architectural cues, and physicochemical properties to be successful. To promote muscle repair and regeneration, various strategies for skeletal muscle tissue engineering have been developed in the last decades. However, there is still a high demand for the development of new methods and materials that promote skeletal muscle repair and functional regeneration to bring approaches closer to therapies in the clinic that structurally and functionally repair muscle. The combination of stem cells, biomaterials, and biomolecules is used to induce skeletal muscle regeneration. In this review, we provide an overview of different cell types used to treat skeletal muscle injury, highlight current strategies in biomaterial-based approaches, the importance of topography for the successful creation of functional striated muscle fibers, and discuss novel methods for muscle regeneration and challenges for their future clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Alarcin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, 34854 Istanbul, Turkey;
| | - Ayca Bal-Öztürk
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istinye University, 34010 Istanbul, Turkey;
- Department of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Health Sciences, Istinye University, 34010 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Avci
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey;
- Cellular Therapy and Stem Cell Research Center, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey
- AvciBio Research Group, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey;
- Translational Medicine Research and Clinical Center, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Hamed Ghorbanpoor
- AvciBio Research Group, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, 06010 Ankara, Turkey;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Fatma Dogan Guzel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, 06010 Ankara, Turkey;
| | - Ali Akpek
- Department of Bioengineering, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Turkey; (A.A.); (G.Y.)
| | - Gözde Yesiltas
- Department of Bioengineering, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Turkey; (A.A.); (G.Y.)
| | - Tuba Canak-Ipek
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Tuebingen, Calwerstraße 7/1, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany;
| | - Meltem Avci-Adali
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Tuebingen, Calwerstraße 7/1, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany;
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4
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Skuk D, Tremblay JP. Human Muscle Precursor Cells Form Human-Derived Myofibers in Skeletal Muscles of Nonhuman Primates: A Potential New Preclinical Setting to Test Myogenic Cells of Human Origin for Cell Therapy of Myopathies. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2020; 79:1265-1275. [PMID: 33094339 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlaa110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to verify if human myogenic cells could participate in muscle regeneration in macaques. This experimental setting would grant researchers a model that could better evaluate the effects of cell therapies in myopathies with a better translation to human patients. Human muscle precursor cells (MPCs) were cultured in vitro and transduced with ß-galactosidase. The cells were subsequently injected into 1-cm3 muscle regions of 6 macaques immunosuppressed with tacrolimus and dexamethasone. Allogeneic ß-galactosidase+ MPCs were injected in other regions as positive controls. Some cell-grafted regions were electroporated to induce extensive muscle regeneration. MPC-grafted regions were sampled 1 month later and analyzed by histology. There were ß-galactosidase+ myofibers in both the regions grafted with human and macaque MPCs. Electroporation increased the engraftment of human MPCs in the same way as in macaque allografts. The histological analysis (hematoxylin and eosin, CD8, and CD4 immunodetection) demonstrated an absence of cellular rejection in most MPC-grafted regions, as well as minimal lymphocytic infiltration in the regions transplanted with human MPCs in the individual with the lowest tacrolimus levels. Circulating de novo anti-donor antibodies were not detected. In conclusion, we report the successful engraftment of human myogenic cells in macaques, which was possible using tacrolimus-based immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Skuk
- From the Axe Neurosciences, Research Center of the CHU de Quebec - CHUL, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Jacques P Tremblay
- From the Axe Neurosciences, Research Center of the CHU de Quebec - CHUL, Quebec, QC, Canada
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5
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In vivo stem cell tracking using scintigraphy in a canine model of DMD. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10681. [PMID: 32606364 PMCID: PMC7327062 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66388-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the main challenges in cell therapy for muscle diseases is to efficiently target the muscle. To address this issue and achieve better understanding of in vivo cell fate, we evaluated the relevance of a non-invasive cell tracking method in the Golden Retriever Muscular Dystrophy (GRMD) model, a well-recognised model of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD). Mesoangioblasts were directly labelled with 111In-oxine, and injected through one of the femoral arteries. The scintigraphy images obtained provided the first quantitative mapping of the immediate biodistribution of mesoangioblasts in a large animal model of DMD. The results revealed that cells were trapped by the first capillary filters: the injected limb and the lung. During the days following injection, radioactivity was redistributed to the liver. In vitro studies, performed with the same cells prepared for injecting the animal, revealed prominent cell death and 111In release. In vivo, cell death resulted in 111In release into the vasculature that was taken up by the liver, resulting in a non-specific and non-cell-bound radioactive signal. Indirect labelling methods would be an attractive alternative to track cells on the mid- and long-term.
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6
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Tang X, Daneshmandi L, Awale G, Nair LS, Laurencin CT. Skeletal Muscle Regenerative Engineering. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 5:233-251. [PMID: 33778155 DOI: 10.1007/s40883-019-00102-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscles have the intrinsic ability to regenerate after minor injury, but under certain circumstances such as severe trauma from accidents, chronic diseases or battlefield injuries the regeneration process is limited. Skeletal muscle regenerative engineering has emerged as a promising approach to address this clinical issue. The regenerative engineering approach involves the convergence of advanced materials science, stem cell science, physical forces, insights from developmental biology, and clinical translation. This article reviews recent studies showing the potential of the convergences of technologies involving biomaterials, stem cells and bioactive factors in concert with clinical translation, in promoting skeletal muscle regeneration. Several types of biomaterials such as electrospun nanofibers, hydrogels, patterned scaffolds, decellularized tissues, and conductive matrices are being investigated. Detailed discussions are given on how these biomaterials can interact with cells and modulate their behavior through physical, chemical and mechanical cues. In addition, the application of physical forces such as mechanical and electrical stimulation are reviewed as strategies that can further enhance muscle contractility and functionality. The review also discusses established animal models to evaluate regeneration in two clinically relevant muscle injuries; volumetric muscle loss (VML) and muscle atrophy upon rotator cuff injury. Regenerative engineering approaches using advanced biomaterials, cells, and physical forces, developmental cues along with insights from immunology, genetics and other aspects of clinical translation hold significant potential to develop promising strategies to support skeletal muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Tang
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Leila Daneshmandi
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Guleid Awale
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Lakshmi S Nair
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Cato T Laurencin
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
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7
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Skuk D, Tremblay JP. The Process of Engraftment of Myogenic Cells in Skeletal Muscles of Primates: Understanding Clinical Observations and Setting Directions in Cell Transplantation Research. Cell Transplant 2018; 26:1763-1779. [PMID: 29338383 PMCID: PMC5784521 DOI: 10.1177/0963689717724798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied in macaques the evolution of the intramuscular transplantation of muscle precursor cells between the time of administration and the time at which the graft is considered stable. Satellite cell–derived myoblasts labeled with ß-galactosidase were transplanted into 1 cm3 muscle regions following cell culture and transplantation protocols similar to our last clinical trials. These regions were biopsied 1 h, 1, 3, 7 d, and 3 wk later and analyzed by histology. We observed that the cell suspension leaks from the muscle bundles during injection toward the epimysium and perimysium, where most cells accumulate after transplantation. We observed evidence of necrosis, apoptosis, and mitosis in the accumulations of grafted cells, and of potential migration to participate in myofiber regeneration in the surrounding muscle bundles. After 3 wk, the compact accumulations of grafted cells left only some graft-derived myotubes and small myofibers in the perimysium. Hybrid myofibers were abundant in the muscle fascicles at 3 wk posttransplantation, and they most likely occur by grafted myoblasts that migrated from the peripheral accumulations than by the few remaining within the fascicles immediately after injection. These observations explain the findings in clinical trials of myoblast transplantation and provide information for the future research in cell therapy in myology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Skuk
- 1 Axe Neurosciences, Research Center of the CHU de Quebec-CHUL, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jacques P Tremblay
- 1 Axe Neurosciences, Research Center of the CHU de Quebec-CHUL, Quebec, Canada
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8
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Lorant J, Saury C, Schleder C, Robriquet F, Lieubeau B, Négroni E, Leroux I, Chabrand L, Viau S, Babarit C, Ledevin M, Dubreil L, Hamel A, Magot A, Thorin C, Guevel L, Delorme B, Péréon Y, Butler-Browne G, Mouly V, Rouger K. Skeletal Muscle Regenerative Potential of Human MuStem Cells following Transplantation into Injured Mice Muscle. Mol Ther 2017; 26:618-633. [PMID: 29221805 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2017.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
After intra-arterial delivery in the dystrophic dog, allogeneic muscle-derived stem cells, termed MuStem cells, contribute to long-term stabilization of the clinical status and preservation of the muscle regenerative process. However, it remains unknown whether the human counterpart could be identified, considering recent demonstrations of divergent features between species for several somatic stem cells. Here, we report that MuStem cells reside in human skeletal muscle and display a long-term ability to proliferate, allowing generation of a clinically relevant amount of cells. Cultured human MuStem (hMuStem) cells do not express hematopoietic, endothelial, or myo-endothelial cell markers and reproducibly correspond to a population of early myogenic-committed progenitors with a perivascular/mesenchymal phenotypic signature, revealing a blood vessel wall origin. Importantly, they exhibit both myogenesis in vitro and skeletal muscle regeneration after intramuscular delivery into immunodeficient host mice. Together, our findings provide new insights supporting the notion that hMuStem cells could represent an interesting therapeutic candidate for dystrophic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Lorant
- PAnTher, INRA, École Nationale Vétérinaire, Agro-alimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (Oniris), Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Nantes 44307, France
| | - Charlotte Saury
- PAnTher, INRA, École Nationale Vétérinaire, Agro-alimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (Oniris), Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Nantes 44307, France; Macopharma, Biotherapy Division, Mouvaux, 59420, France
| | - Cindy Schleder
- PAnTher, INRA, École Nationale Vétérinaire, Agro-alimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (Oniris), Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Nantes 44307, France
| | - Florence Robriquet
- PAnTher, INRA, École Nationale Vétérinaire, Agro-alimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (Oniris), Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Nantes 44307, France; Université de Nantes, UBL, Nantes, France
| | | | - Elisa Négroni
- Institut de Myologie, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Paris 75013, France
| | - Isabelle Leroux
- PAnTher, INRA, École Nationale Vétérinaire, Agro-alimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (Oniris), Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Nantes 44307, France
| | | | - Sabrina Viau
- Macopharma, Biotherapy Division, Mouvaux, 59420, France
| | - Candice Babarit
- PAnTher, INRA, École Nationale Vétérinaire, Agro-alimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (Oniris), Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Nantes 44307, France
| | - Mireille Ledevin
- PAnTher, INRA, École Nationale Vétérinaire, Agro-alimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (Oniris), Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Nantes 44307, France
| | - Laurence Dubreil
- PAnTher, INRA, École Nationale Vétérinaire, Agro-alimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (Oniris), Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Nantes 44307, France
| | - Antoine Hamel
- Service de Chirurgie Infantile, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Nantes 44093, France
| | - Armelle Magot
- Centre de Référence des maladies neuromusculaires Nantes-Angers, Service des Explorations Fonctionnelles, CHU, Nantes 44093, France
| | - Chantal Thorin
- Laboratoire de Physiopathologie Animale et Pharmacologie fonctionnelle, Oniris, Nantes 44307, France
| | - Laëtitia Guevel
- PAnTher, INRA, École Nationale Vétérinaire, Agro-alimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (Oniris), Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Nantes 44307, France; Université de Nantes, UBL, Nantes, France
| | - Bruno Delorme
- Macopharma, Biotherapy Division, Mouvaux, 59420, France
| | - Yann Péréon
- Centre de Référence des maladies neuromusculaires Nantes-Angers, Service des Explorations Fonctionnelles, CHU, Nantes 44093, France
| | - Gillian Butler-Browne
- Institut de Myologie, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Paris 75013, France
| | - Vincent Mouly
- Institut de Myologie, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Paris 75013, France
| | - Karl Rouger
- PAnTher, INRA, École Nationale Vétérinaire, Agro-alimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (Oniris), Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Nantes 44307, France.
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Andalousi RBE, Daussin PA, Micallef JP, Roux C, Nougues J, Chammas M, Reyne Y, Bacou F. Changes in Mass and Performance in Rabbit Muscles after Muscle Damage with or without Transplantation of Primary Satellite Cells. Cell Transplant 2017; 11:169-180. [DOI: 10.3727/096020198389898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in morphology, metabolism, myosin heavy chain gene expression, and functional performances in damaged rabbit muscles with or without transplantation of primary satellite cells were investigated. For this purpose, we damaged bilaterally the fast muscle tibialis anterior (TA) with either 1.5 or 2.6 ml cardiotoxin 10–5 M injections. Primary cultures of satellite cells were autotransplanted unilaterally 5 days after muscle degeneration. Two months postoperation, the masses of damaged TAs, with or without transplantation, were significantly larger than those of the controls. Furthermore, damaged transplanted muscles weighed significantly more than damaged muscles only. The increase in muscle mass was essentially due to increased fiber size. These results were independent of the quantity of cardiotoxin injected into the muscles. Maximal forces were similar in control and 2.6 ml damaged TAs with or without satellite cell transfer. In contrast, 1.5 ml damaged TAs showed a significant decrease in maximal forces that reached the level of controls after transplantation of satellite cells. Fatigue resistance was similar in control and 1.5 ml damaged TAs independently of satellite cell transfer. Fatigue index was significantly higher in 2.6 ml damaged muscles with or without cell transplantation. These changes could be explained in part by muscle metabolism, which shifted towards oxidative activities, and by gene expression of myosin heavy chain isoforms, which presented an increase in type IIa and a decrease in type I and IIb in all damaged muscles with or without cell transfer. Under our experimental conditions, these results show that muscle damage rather than satellite cell transplantation changes muscle metabolism, myosin heavy chain isoform gene expression, and, to a lesser extent, muscle contractile properties. In contrast, muscle weight and fiber size are increased both by muscle damage and by satellite cell transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul-André Daussin
- UMR Différenciation cellulaire et Croissance, INRA, 2 Place Pierre Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 1, France
- Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique 2 et Chirurgie de la Main, Hôpital Lapeyronie, CHU Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Jean-Paul Micallef
- INSERM ADR 08, Parc Euromédecine, 99 rue Puech Villa, 34197 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Colette Roux
- Laboratoire de Biométrie, INRA, 2 Place Pierre Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 1, France
| | - Jean Nougues
- UMR Différenciation cellulaire et Croissance, INRA, 2 Place Pierre Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 1, France
| | - Michel Chammas
- Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique 2 et Chirurgie de la Main, Hôpital Lapeyronie, CHU Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Yves Reyne
- UMR Différenciation cellulaire et Croissance, INRA, 2 Place Pierre Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 1, France
| | - Francis Bacou
- UMR Différenciation cellulaire et Croissance, INRA, 2 Place Pierre Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 1, France
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10
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Skuk D, Goulet M, Tremblay JP. Use of Repeating Dispensers to Increase the Efficiency of the Intramuscular Myogenic Cell Injection Procedure. Cell Transplant 2017; 15:659-63. [PMID: 17176617 DOI: 10.3727/000000006783981648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Intramuscular myoblast transplantation in humans and nonhuman primates requires precise repetitive cell injections very close to each other. Performed with syringes operated manually throughout large regions, this procedure takes a lot of time, becoming tiring and thus imprecise. We tested two repetitive dispensers with Hamilton syringes as cell injection devices to facilitate this procedure. Monkeys received intramuscular allotransplantations of β-galactosidase-labeled myoblasts, using either a monosyringe or a multisyringe repeating dispenser. The monosyringe repeating dispenser allowed performing cell injections faster and easier than with a manually operated syringe. The multisyringe dispenser accelerated the procedure still more, but it was not ergonomic. Biopsies of the myoblast-injected sites 1 month later showed abundant β-galactosidase-positive myofibers, with the same density and morphological pattern observed following myoblast transplantation with a syringe operated manually. We recommend the monosyringe repeating dispenser for myoblast transplantation in skeletal muscles and maybe in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Skuk
- Unité de recherche en Génétique humaine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
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11
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Bujold M, Caron N, Camiran G, Mukherjee S, Allen PD, Tremblay JP, Wang Y. Autotransplantation in mdx Mice of mdx Myoblasts Genetically Corrected by an HSV-1 Amplicon Vector. Cell Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.3727/000000002783985297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked recessive disorder, characterized by a lack of dystrophin. To eliminate the need for immunosuppressive drugs, transplantation of genetically modified autologous myoblasts has been proposed as a possible therapy for this myopathy. An HSV-1 amplicon vector (HSVDGN), containing a 17.3-kb full-length MCK-driven mouse dystrophin cDNA, an eGFP gene, and a neomycin resistance gene driven by CMV or SV40 promoters, respectively, was constructed and used to transduce mdx primary myoblasts. The presence of the eGFP and neomycin resistance genes facilitated the evaluation of the initial transduction efficiency and the permanent transduction frequency. At low multiplicities of infection (MOI 1–5), the majority of myoblasts (60–90%) expressed GFP. The GFP-positive mdx myoblasts were sorted by FACS and selected with neomycin (300 μg/ml) for 2 weeks. Up to 2% of initially infected mdx myoblasts stably expressed the three transgenes without further selection at that time. These altered cells were grafted into the tibialis anterior muscles of 18 mdx mice. Some of the mice were immunosuppressed with FK506 due to the anticipation that eGFP and the product of neomycin resistance gene might be immunogenic. One month after transplantation, numerous muscle fibers expressing mouse dystrophin were detected by immunohistochemistry, in both immunosuppressed (10–50%) and nonimmunosuppressed (5–25%) mdx mice. Our results demonstrated the capability of permanently expressing a full-length dystrophin in dystrophic myoblasts with HSV-1 amplicon vector and raised the possibility of an eventual treatment of DMD based on the transplantation of genetically modified autologous myoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Bujold
- Laboratoire de Génétique Humaine, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval (CHUL), Ste-Foy (Qc), Canada, G1V 4G2
| | - Nicolas Caron
- Laboratoire de Génétique Humaine, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval (CHUL), Ste-Foy (Qc), Canada, G1V 4G2
| | - Goeffrey Camiran
- Laboratoire de Génétique Humaine, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval (CHUL), Ste-Foy (Qc), Canada, G1V 4G2
| | | | - Paul. D. Allen
- Department of Anesthesia, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Jacques P. Tremblay
- Laboratoire de Génétique Humaine, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval (CHUL), Ste-Foy (Qc), Canada, G1V 4G2
| | - Yaming Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
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12
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Sicari BM, Dziki JL, Badylak SF. Strategies for functional bioscaffold-based skeletal muscle reconstruction. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2015; 3:256. [PMID: 26605302 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2305-5839.2015.09.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine-based strategies for the reconstruction of functional skeletal muscle tissue have included cellular and acellular approaches. The use of acellular biologic scaffold material as a treatment for volumetric muscle loss (VML) in five patients has recently been reported with a generally favorable outcome. Further studies are necessary for a better understanding of the mechanism(s) behind acellular bioscaffold-mediated skeletal muscle repair, and for combination cell-based/bioscaffold based approaches. The present overview highlights the current thinking on bioscaffold-based remodeling including the associated mechanisms and the future of scaffold-based skeletal muscle reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M Sicari
- 1 McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, 2 Department of Surgery, 3 Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jenna L Dziki
- 1 McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, 2 Department of Surgery, 3 Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Stephen F Badylak
- 1 McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, 2 Department of Surgery, 3 Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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13
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Zhang Y, Zhu Y, Li Y, Cao J, Zhang H, Chen M, Wang L, Zhang C. Long-term engraftment of myogenic progenitors from adipose-derived stem cells and muscle regeneration in dystrophic mice. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:6029-40. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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14
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Skuk D, Tremblay JP. Cell therapy in muscular dystrophies: many promises in mice and dogs, few facts in patients. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2015; 15:1307-19. [PMID: 26076715 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2015.1057564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Muscular dystrophies (MDs) are genetic diseases that produce progressive loss of skeletal muscle fibers. Cell therapy (CT) is an experimental approach to treat MD. The first clinical trials of CT in MD conducted in the 1990s were based on myoblast transplantation (MT). Since they did not yield the expected results, several researchers sought to discover other cells with more advantageous properties than myoblasts whereas others sought to improve MT. AREAS COVERED We explain the properties that are required for a cell to be used in CT of MD. We briefly review most of the cells that were proposed for this CT, and to what extent these properties were met not only in laboratory animals but also in clinical trials. EXPERT OPINION Although the repertoire of cells proposed for CT of MD has been expanded since the 1990s, only myoblasts have currently demonstrated unequivocally to significantly engraft in humans. Indeed, MT for MD involves significant technical challenges that need be solved. While it would be ideal to find cells involving less technical challenges for CT of MD, there is so far no clinical evidence that this is possible and therefore the work to improve MT should continue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Skuk
- Axe Neurosciences, P-09300, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval , 2705 boulevard Laurier, Québec (QC), G1V 4G2 , Canada +1 418 654 2186 ; +1 418 654 2207 ;
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15
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Satellite cells: regenerative mechanisms and applicability in muscular dystrophy. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2015:487467. [PMID: 25763072 PMCID: PMC4339711 DOI: 10.1155/2015/487467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The satellite cells are long regarded as heterogeneous cell population, which is intimately linked to the processes of muscular recovery. The heterogeneous cell population may be classified by specific markers. In spite of the significant amount of variation amongst the satellite cell populations, it seems that their activity is tightly bound to the paired box 7 transcription factor expression, which is, therefore, used as a canonical marker for these cells. Muscular dystrophic diseases, such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy, elicit severe tissue injuries leading those patients to display a very specific pattern of muscular recovery abnormalities. There have been works on the application of precursors cells as a therapeutic alternative for Duchenne muscular dystrophy and initial attempts have proven the cells inefficient; however later endeavours have proposed solutions for the experiments improving significantly the results. The presence of a range of satellite cells populations indicates the existence of specific cells with enhanced capability of muscular recovery in afflicted muscles.
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Sicari BM, Rubin JP, Dearth CL, Wolf MT, Ambrosio F, Boninger M, Turner NJ, Weber DJ, Simpson TW, Wyse A, Brown EHP, Dziki JL, Fisher LE, Brown S, Badylak SF. An acellular biologic scaffold promotes skeletal muscle formation in mice and humans with volumetric muscle loss. Sci Transl Med 2014; 6:234ra58. [PMID: 24786326 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3008085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 318] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Biologic scaffolds composed of naturally occurring extracellular matrix (ECM) can provide a microenvironmental niche that alters the default healing response toward a constructive and functional outcome. The present study showed similarities in the remodeling characteristics of xenogeneic ECM scaffolds when used as a surgical treatment for volumetric muscle loss in both a preclinical rodent model and five male patients. Porcine urinary bladder ECM scaffold implantation was associated with perivascular stem cell mobilization and accumulation within the site of injury, and de novo formation of skeletal muscle cells. The ECM-mediated constructive remodeling was associated with stimulus-responsive skeletal muscle in rodents and functional improvement in three of the five human patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M Sicari
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
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Sicari BM, Dearth CL, Badylak SF. Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Approaches to Enhance the Functional Response to Skeletal Muscle Injury. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2013; 297:51-64. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.22794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian M. Sicari
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Graduate Program; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
| | - Christopher L. Dearth
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
- Department of Surgery; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
| | - Stephen F. Badylak
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
- Department of Surgery; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
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Electroporation as a method to induce myofiber regeneration and increase the engraftment of myogenic cells in skeletal muscles of primates. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2013; 72:723-34. [PMID: 23860026 DOI: 10.1097/nen.0b013e31829bac22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Engraftment of intramuscularly transplanted myogenic cells in mice can be optimized after induction of massive myofiber damage that triggers myofiber regeneration and recruitment of grafted cells; this generally involves either myotoxin injection or cryodamage. There are no effective methods to produce a similar process in the muscles of large mammals such as primates. In this study, we tested the use of intramuscular electroporation for this purpose in 11 macaques. The test sites were 1 cm of skeletal muscle. Each site was treated with 3 penetrations of a 2-needle electrode with 1 cm spacing, applying 3 pulses of 400 V/cm, for a duration of 5 milliseconds and a delay of 200 milliseconds during each penetration. Transplantation of β-galactosidase-labeled myoblasts was done in electroporated and nonelectroporated sites. Electroporation induced massive myofiber necrosis that was followed by efficient muscle regeneration. Myoblast engraftment was substantially increased in electroporated compared with nonelectroporated sites. This suggests that electroporation may be a useful tool to study muscle regeneration in primates and other large mammals and as a method for increasing the engraftment of myoblasts and other myogenic cells in intramuscular transplantation.
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Fishman JM, Tyraskis A, Maghsoudlou P, Urbani L, Totonelli G, Birchall MA, De Coppi P. Skeletal muscle tissue engineering: which cell to use? TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2013; 19:503-15. [PMID: 23679017 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2013.0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Tissue-engineered skeletal muscle is urgently required to treat a wide array of devastating congenital and acquired conditions. Selection of the appropriate cell type requires consideration of several factors which amongst others include, accessibility of the cell source, in vitro myogenicity at high efficiency with the ability to maintain differentiation over extended periods of time, susceptibility to genetic manipulation, a suitable mode of delivery and finally in vivo differentiation giving rise to restoration of structural morphology and function. Potential stem-progenitor cell sources include and are not limited to satellite cells, myoblasts, mesoangioblasts, pericytes, muscle side-population cells, CD133(+) cells, in addition to embryonic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, amniotic fluid stem cells and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. The relative merits and inherent limitations of these cell types within the field of tissue-engineering are discussed in the light of current research. Recent advances in the field of iPS cells should bear the fruits for some exciting developments within the field in the forthcoming years.
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Bencze M, Negroni E, Vallese D, Yacoub-Youssef H, Chaouch S, Wolff A, Aamiri A, Di Santo JP, Chazaud B, Butler-Browne G, Savino W, Mouly V, Riederer I. Proinflammatory macrophages enhance the regenerative capacity of human myoblasts by modifying their kinetics of proliferation and differentiation. Mol Ther 2012; 20:2168-79. [PMID: 23070116 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2012.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages have been shown to be essential for muscle repair by delivering trophic cues to growing skeletal muscle precursors and young fibers. Here, we investigated whether human macrophages, either proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory, coinjected with human myoblasts into regenerating muscle of Rag2(-/-) γC(-/-) immunodeficient mice, could modify in vivo the kinetics of proliferation and differentiation of the transplanted human myogenic precursors. Our results clearly show that proinflammatory macrophages improve in vivo the participation of injected myoblasts to host muscle regeneration, extending the window of proliferation, increasing migration, and delaying differentiation. Interestingly, immunostaining of transplanted proinflammatory macrophages at different time points strongly suggests that these cells are able to switch to an anti-inflammatory phenotype in vivo, which then may stimulate differentiation during muscle regeneration. Conceptually, our data provide for the first time in vivo evidence strongly suggesting that proinflammatory macrophages play a supportive role in the regulation of myoblast behavior after transplantation into preinjured muscle, and could thus potentially optimize transplantation of myogenic progenitors in the context of cell therapy.
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Long MA, Rossi FMV. Targeted cell fusion facilitates stable heterokaryon generation in vitro and in vivo. PLoS One 2011; 6:e26381. [PMID: 22039476 PMCID: PMC3200330 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2011] [Accepted: 09/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced cell fusion has enabled several important discoveries, including the phenomenon of nuclear reprogramming and may yet be applied as a novel therapy for degenerative diseases. However, existing fusogens lack the efficiency required to enable investigation of the epigenetic modifications underlying nuclear reprogramming and the specificity required for clinical application. Here we present a chimeric measles hemagglutinin, Hα7, which specifically and efficiently mediates the fusion of diverse cell types with skeletal muscle both in vitro and in vivo. When compared directly to polyethylene glycol, Hα7 consistently generated a substantial increase in heterokaryon yield and exhibited insignificant levels of toxicity. Moreover, this increased fusion efficiency enabled detection of chromatin modifications associated with nuclear reprogramming following Hα7-mediated fusion of human fibroblasts and mouse myotubes. Finally, Hα7 was also capable of increasing the contribution of transplanted fibroblasts to skeletal muscle repair in vivo, suggesting that this strategy could be used for therapeutic gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Long
- The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Fabio M. V. Rossi
- The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- * E-mail:
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22
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Riederer I, Negroni E, Bencze M, Wolff A, Aamiri A, Di Santo JP, Silva-Barbosa SD, Butler-Browne G, Savino W, Mouly V. Slowing down differentiation of engrafted human myoblasts into immunodeficient mice correlates with increased proliferation and migration. Mol Ther 2011; 20:146-54. [PMID: 21934656 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2011.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We have used a model of xenotransplantation in which human myoblasts were transplanted intramuscularly into immunodeficient Rag2(-/-)γC(-/-) mice, in order to investigate the kinetics of proliferation and differentiation of the transplanted cells. After injection, most of the human myoblasts had already differentiated by day 5. This differentiation correlated with reduction in proliferation and limited migration of the donor cells within the regenerating muscle. These results suggest that the precocious differentiation, already detected at 3 days postinjection, is a limiting factor for both the migration from the injection site and the participation of the donor cells to muscle regeneration. When we stimulated in vivo proliferation of human myoblasts, transplanting them in a serum-containing medium, we observed 5 days post-transplantation a delay of myogenic differentiation and an increase in cell numbers, which colonized a much larger area within the recipient's muscle. Importantly, these myoblasts maintained their ability to differentiate, since we found higher numbers of myofibers seen 1 month postengraftment, as compared to controls. Conceptually, these data suggest that in experimental myoblast transplantation, any intervention upon the donor cells and/or the recipient's microenvironment aimed at enhancing proliferation and migration should be done before differentiation of the implanted cells, e.g., day 3 postengraftment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingo Riederer
- Thérapie des maladies du muscle strié/Institut de Myologie UM76, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, INSERM-U974; CNRS-UMR7215, Paris, France
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23
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Rouger K, Larcher T, Dubreil L, Deschamps JY, Le Guiner C, Jouvion G, Delorme B, Lieubeau B, Carlus M, Fornasari B, Theret M, Orlando P, Ledevin M, Zuber C, Leroux I, Deleau S, Guigand L, Testault I, Le Rumeur E, Fiszman M, Chérel Y. Systemic delivery of allogenic muscle stem cells induces long-term muscle repair and clinical efficacy in duchenne muscular dystrophy dogs. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2011; 179:2501-18. [PMID: 21924229 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2011] [Revised: 07/13/2011] [Accepted: 07/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a genetic progressive muscle disease resulting from the lack of dystrophin and without effective treatment. Adult stem cell populations have given new impetus to cell-based therapy of neuromuscular diseases. One of them, muscle-derived stem cells, isolated based on delayed adhesion properties, contributes to injured muscle repair. However, these data were collected in dystrophic mice that exhibit a relatively mild tissue phenotype and clinical features of DMD patients. Here, we characterized canine delayed adherent stem cells and investigated the efficacy of their systemic delivery in the clinically relevant DMD animal model to assess potential therapeutic application in humans. Delayed adherent stem cells, named MuStem cells (muscle stem cells), were isolated from healthy dog muscle using a preplating technique. In vitro, MuStem cells displayed a large expansion capacity, an ability to proliferate in suspension, and a multilineage differentiation potential. Phenotypically, they corresponded to early myogenic progenitors and uncommitted cells. When injected in immunosuppressed dystrophic dogs, they contributed to myofiber regeneration, satellite cell replenishment, and dystrophin expression. Importantly, their systemic delivery resulted in long-term dystrophin expression, muscle damage course limitation with an increased regeneration activity and an interstitial expansion restriction, and persisting stabilization of the dog's clinical status. These results demonstrate that MuStem cells could provide an attractive therapeutic avenue for DMD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Rouger
- INRA, UMR 703 Développement et Pathologie du Tissu Musculaire, Nantes, France.
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Skuk D, Goulet M, Tremblay JP. Transplanted Myoblasts Can Migrate Several Millimeters to Fuse With Damaged Myofibers in Nonhuman Primate Skeletal Muscle. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2011; 70:770-8. [DOI: 10.1097/nen.0b013e31822a6baa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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Skuk D, Tremblay JP. Intramuscular cell transplantation as a potential treatment of myopathies: clinical and preclinical relevant data. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2011; 11:359-74. [PMID: 21204740 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2011.548800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Myopathies produce deficits in skeletal muscle function and, in some cases, literally progressive loss of skeletal muscles. The transplantation of cells able to differentiate into myofibers is an experimental strategy for the potential treatment of some of these diseases. AREAS COVERED Among the two routes used to deliver cells to skeletal muscles, that is intramuscular and intravascular, this paper focuses on the intramuscular route due to our expertise and because it is the most used in animal experiments and the only tested so far in humans. Given the absence of recent reviews about clinical observations and the profusion based on mouse results, this review prioritizes observations made in humans and non-human primates. The review provides a vision of cell transplantation in myology centered on what can be learned from clinical trials and from preclinical studies in non-human primates and leading mouse studies. EXPERT OPINION Experiments on myogenic cell transplantation in mice are essential to quickly identify potential treatments, but studies showing the possibility to scale up the methods in large mammals are indispensable to determine their applicability in humans and to design clinical protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Skuk
- CHUQ Research Center - CHUL, Neurosciences Division - Human Genetics, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Quebec, Quebec G1V 4G2, Canada.
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26
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Palmieri B, Tremblay JP, Daniele L. Past, present and future of myoblast transplantation in the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Pediatr Transplant 2010; 14:813-9. [PMID: 20963914 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3046.2010.01377.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
DMD is a genetic X-linked recessive disease that affects approximately one in 3500 male births. Boys with DMD have progressive and predictable muscle destruction because of the absence of Dys, a protein present under the muscle fiber membrane. Dys deficiency induces contraction-related membrane damages, activation of inflammatory-necrosis-fibrosis up to the cardiac-diaphragmatic failure and death. This review supports the therapeutic role of MT associated with immunosuppression in DMD patients, describing the history and the rationale of such approach. The authors underline the importance to evaluate a protocol of myoblast intradermal multi-injection to apply in young DMD patients
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Affiliation(s)
- Beniamino Palmieri
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical Specialties, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Medical School, Surgical Clinic, Modena, Italy.
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Myoblast transplantation: a possible surgical treatment for a severe pediatric disease. Surg Today 2010; 40:902-8. [PMID: 20872191 PMCID: PMC7087795 DOI: 10.1007/s00595-009-4242-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2008] [Accepted: 08/26/2009] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a genetic X-linked recessive orphan disease that affects approximately 1 in 3 500 male births. Boys with DMD have progressive and predictable muscle destruction due to the absence of dystrophin, a protein present under the muscle fiber membrane. This absence induces contraction-related membrane damage and activation of inflammatory necrosis and fibrosis, leading to cardiac/diaphragmatic failure and death. The authors support the therapeutic role of myoblast transplantation in DMD, and describe the history and rationale for such an approach.
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Richard PL, Gosselin C, Laliberté T, Paradis M, Goulet M, Tremblay JP, Skuk D. A First Semimanual Device for Clinical Intramuscular Repetitive Cell Injections. Cell Transplant 2010. [DOI: 10.3727/096368909x578812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Intramuscular cell transplantation in humans requires so far meticulous repetitive cell injections. Performed percutaneously with syringes operated manually, the procedure is very time consuming and requires a lot of concentration to deliver the cells exactly in the required region. This becomes impractical and inaccurate for large volumes of muscle. In order to accelerate this task, to render it more precise, and to perform injections more reproducible in large volumes of muscle, we developed a specific semimanual device for intramuscular repetitive cell injections. Our prototype delivers very small quantities of cell suspension, homogeneously throughout several needles, from a container in the device. It was designed in order to deliver the cells as best as possible only in a given subcutaneous region (in our case, skeletal muscles accessible from the surface), avoiding wasting in skin and hypodermis. The device was tested in monkeys by performing intramuscular allotransplantations of β-galactosidase-labeled myoblasts. During transplantations, it was more ergonomic and considerably faster than manually operated syringes, facilitating the cell graft in whole limb muscles. Biopsies of the myoblast-injected muscles 1 month later showed abundant β-galactosidase-positive myofibers with homogeneous distribution through the biopsy sections. This is the first device specifically designed for the needs of intramuscular cell transplantation in a clinical context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Luc Richard
- Robotics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Clément Gosselin
- Robotics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Thierry Laliberté
- Robotics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Martin Paradis
- Research Unit on Human Genetics, CHUL Research Center, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marlyne Goulet
- Research Unit on Human Genetics, CHUL Research Center, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Daniel Skuk
- Research Unit on Human Genetics, CHUL Research Center, Quebec, Canada
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29
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A case for immunosuppression for myoblast transplantation in duchenne muscular dystrophy. Mol Ther 2009; 17:1122-4. [PMID: 19564866 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2009.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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Otto A, Collins-Hooper H, Patel K. The origin, molecular regulation and therapeutic potential of myogenic stem cell populations. J Anat 2009; 215:477-97. [PMID: 19702867 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2009.01138.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Satellite cells, originating in the embryonic dermamyotome, reside beneath the myofibre of mature adult skeletal muscle and constitute the tissue-specific stem cell population. Recent advances following the identification of markers for these cells (including Pax7, Myf5, c-Met and CD34) (CD, cluster of differentiation; c-Met, mesenchymal epithelial transition factor) have led to a greater understanding of the role played by satellite cells in the regeneration of new skeletal muscle during growth and following injury. In response to muscle damage, satellite cells harbour the ability both to form myogenic precursors and to self-renew to repopulate the stem cell niche following myofibre damage. More recently, other stem cell populations including bone marrow stem cells, skeletal muscle side population cells and mesoangioblasts have also been shown to have myogenic potential in culture, and to be able to form skeletal muscle myofibres in vivo and engraft into the satellite cell niche. These cell types, along with satellite cells, have shown potential when used as a therapy for skeletal muscle wasting disorders where the intrinsic stem cell population is genetically unable to repair non-functioning muscle tissue. Accurate understanding of the mechanisms controlling satellite cell lineage progression and self-renewal as well as the recruitment of other stem cell types towards the myogenic lineage is crucial if we are to exploit the power of these cells in combating myopathic conditions. Here we highlight the origin, molecular regulation and therapeutic potential of all the major cell types capable of undergoing myogenic differentiation and discuss their potential therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Otto
- School of Biological Sciences, Hopkins Building, University of Reading, Whiteknights Campus, Reading, Berkshire, UK
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Lee ASJ, Kahatapitiya P, Kramer B, Joya JE, Hook J, Liu R, Schevzov G, Alexander IE, McCowage G, Montarras D, Gunning PW, Hardeman EC. Methylguanine DNA methyltransferase-mediated drug resistance-based selective enrichment and engraftment of transplanted stem cells in skeletal muscle. Stem Cells 2009; 27:1098-108. [PMID: 19415780 DOI: 10.1002/stem.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Cell replacement therapy using stem cell transplantation holds much promise in the field of regenerative medicine. In the area of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase MGMT (P140K) gene-mediated drug resistance-based in vivo enrichment strategy of donor stem cells has been shown to achieve up to 75%-100% donor cell engraftment in the host's hematopoietic stem cell compartment following repeated rounds of selection. This strategy, however, has not been applied in any other organ system. We tested the feasibility of using this MGMT (P140K)-mediated enrichment strategy for cell transplantation in skeletal muscles of mice. We demonstrate that muscle cells expressing an MGMT (P140K) drug resistance gene can be protected and selectively enriched in response to alkylating chemotherapy both in vitro and in vivo. Upon transplantation of MGMT (P140K)-expressing male CD34(+ve) donor stem cells isolated from regenerating skeletal muscle into injured female muscle treated with alkylating chemotherapy, donor cells showed enhanced engraftment in the recipient muscle 7 days following transplantation as examined by quantitative-polymerase chain reaction using Y-chromosome specific primers. Fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis using a Y-chromosome paint probe revealed donor-derived de novo muscle fiber formation in the recipient muscle 14 days following transplantation, with approximately 12.5% of total nuclei within the regenerated recipient muscle being of donor origin. Following engraftment, the chemo-protected donor CD34(+ve) cells induced substantial endogenous regeneration of the chemo-ablated host muscle that is otherwise unable to self-regenerate. We conclude that the MGMT (P140K)-mediated enrichment strategy can be successfully implemented in muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio S J Lee
- Oncology Research Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
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Lafreniere JF, Caron MC, Skuk D, Goulet M, Cheikh AR, Tremblay JP. Growth Factor Coinjection Improves the Migration Potential of Monkey Myogenic Precursors without Affecting Cell Transplantation Success. Cell Transplant 2009; 18:719-30. [DOI: 10.3727/096368909x470900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an inherited disease and a main target of myogenic cell transplantation (MT). After the failure of the first clinical trials with DMD patients, the poor migration of transplanted cells has been suspected to be a major problem for a more effective clinical application of MT. Previous investigations suggested that the quantity and dispersion of myofibers containing donor cell nuclei might be improved by increasing the migration of the transplanted cells outside the injection sites. Because the coinjection of motogenic factors with human myoblasts enhanced their intramuscular migration following MT in SCID mice, the present study aimed to investigate whether this approach was appropriate to increase MT success in muscles of nonhuman primates. In vitro studies indicated that IGF-1 or bFGF increased components of proteolytic systems involved in myoblast migration. In vitro and in vivo experiments also demonstrated that coinjection of bFGF or IGF-1 was able to improve monkey myogenic cell migration and invasion. Sixty hours after MT in skeletal muscle tissue, the migration distances reached by monkey myoblasts increased by nearly twofold when one of the growth factors was coinjected with the cells. However, long-term observations in adult monkeys suggest that promigratory treatments are not intrinsically sufficient to improve the success of MT. Even if short-term observations reveal that grafted cells are not always trapped inside the injection site and in spite of the fact that both factors enhanced transplanted cell migration, myofibers including grafted cell nuclei were still restrained to the injection trajectory without notable difference in their amount or their dispersion. The incapacity of transplanted cells to fuse with undamaged myofibers, which are located outside the injection sites, is a priority problem to solve in order to improve transplantation success and reduce the number of injections required for the treatment of DMD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Lafreniere
- Unité de recherche en Génétique humaine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval, Ste-Foy, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Christine Caron
- Unité de recherche en Génétique humaine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval, Ste-Foy, Québec, Canada
| | - Daniel Skuk
- Unité de recherche en Génétique humaine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval, Ste-Foy, Québec, Canada
| | - Marlyne Goulet
- Unité de recherche en Génétique humaine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval, Ste-Foy, Québec, Canada
| | - Anissa Rahma Cheikh
- Unité de recherche en Génétique humaine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval, Ste-Foy, Québec, Canada
| | - Jacques P. Tremblay
- Unité de recherche en Génétique humaine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval, Ste-Foy, Québec, Canada
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Wallace GQ, Lapidos KA, Kenik JS, McNally EM. Long-term survival of transplanted stem cells in immunocompetent mice with muscular dystrophy. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2008; 173:792-802. [PMID: 18711004 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2008.080259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Satellite cells refer to resident stem cells in muscle that are activated in response to damage or disease for the regeneration and repair of muscle fibers. The use of stem cell transplantation to treat muscular diseases has been limited by impaired donor cell survival attributed to rejection and an unavailable stem cell niche. We isolated a population of adult muscle mononuclear cells (AMMCs) from normal, strain-matched muscle and transplanted these cells into delta-sarcoglycan-null dystrophic mice. Distinct from other transplant studies, the recipient mice were immunocompetent with an intact endogenous satellite cell pool. We found that AMMCs were 35 times more efficient at restoring sarcoglycan compared with cultured myoblasts. Unlike cultured myoblasts, AMMC-derived muscle fibers expressed sarcoglycan protein throughout their entire length, consistent with enhanced migratory ability. We examined the capacity of single injections of AMMCs to provide long-term benefit for muscular dystrophy and found persistent regeneration after 6 months, consistent with augmentation of the endogenous stem cell pool. Interestingly, AMMCs were more effectively engrafted into aged dystrophic mice for the regeneration of large clusters of sarcoglycan-positive muscle fibers, which were protected from damage, suggesting that the stem cell niche in older muscle remains permissive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Q Wallace
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Winkler T, von Roth P, Schumann MR, Sieland K, Stoltenburg-Didinger G, Taupitz M, Perka C, Duda GN, Matziolis G. In Vivo Visualization of Locally Transplanted Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Severely Injured Muscle in Rats. Tissue Eng Part A 2008; 14:1149-60. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2007.0179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Winkler
- Departments of Orthopaedics and of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp von Roth
- Departments of Orthopaedics and of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Rose Schumann
- Departments of Orthopaedics and of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Sieland
- Clinic for Radiology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Matthias Taupitz
- Clinic for Radiology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Perka
- Departments of Orthopaedics and of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg N. Duda
- Departments of Orthopaedics and of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg Matziolis
- Departments of Orthopaedics and of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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35
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Winkler T, Von Roth P, Schumann MR, Sieland K, Stoltenburg-Didinger G, Taupitz M, Perka C, Duda GN, Matziolis G. In VivoVisualization of Locally Transplanted Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Severely Injured Muscle in Rats. Tissue Eng Part A 2008. [DOI: 10.1089/tea.2007.0179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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César M, Roussanne-Domergue S, Coulet B, Gay S, Micallef JP, Chammas M, Reyne Y, Bacou F. Transplantation of adult myoblasts or adipose tissue precursor cells by high-density injection failed to improve reinnervated skeletal muscles. Muscle Nerve 2008; 37:219-30. [DOI: 10.1002/mus.20918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Hirt-Burri N, de Buys Roessingh AS, Scaletta C, Gerber S, Pioletti DP, Applegate LA, Hohlfeld J. Human muscular fetal cells: a potential cell source for muscular therapies. Pediatr Surg Int 2008; 24:37-47. [PMID: 17962961 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-007-2040-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Myoblast transfer therapy has been extensively studied for a wide range of clinical applications, such as tissue engineering for muscular loss, cardiac surgery or Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy treatment. However, this approach has been hindered by numerous limitations, including early myoblast death after injection and specific immune response after transplantation with allogenic cells. Different cell sources have been analyzed to overcome some of these limitations. The object of our study was to investigate the growth potential, characterization and integration in vivo of human primary fetal skeletal muscle cells. These data together show the potential for the creation of a cell bank to be used as a cell source for muscle cell therapy and tissue engineering. For this purpose, we developed primary muscular cell cultures from biopsies of human male thigh muscle from a 16-week-old fetus and from donors of 13 and 30 years old. We show that fetal myogenic cells can be successfully isolated and expanded in vitro from human fetal muscle biopsies, and that fetal cells have higher growth capacities when compared to young and adult cells. We confirm lineage specificity by comparing fetal muscle cells to fetal skin and bone cells in vitro by immunohistochemistry with desmin and 5.1 H11 antibodies. For the feasibility of the cell bank, we ensured that fetal muscle cells retained intrinsic characteristics after 5 years cryopreservation. Finally, human fetal muscle cells marked with PKH26 were injected in normal C57BL/6 mice and were found to be present up to 4 days. In conclusion we estimate that a human fetal skeletal muscle cell bank can be created for potential muscle cell therapy and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Hirt-Burri
- Pediatric Surgery Laboratory, University Hospital Lausanne, CHUV, CI/02/60, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Ischemic central necrosis in pockets of transplanted myoblasts in nonhuman primates: implications for cell-transplantation strategies. Transplantation 2007; 84:1307-15. [PMID: 18049116 DOI: 10.1097/01.tp.0000288322.94252.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several cell-transplantation strategies implicate the injection of cells into tissues. Avascular accumulations of implanted cells are then formed. Because the diffusion of oxygen and nutrients from the surrounding tissue throughout the implanted cell accumulations may be limited, central ischemic necrosis could develop. We analyzed this possibility after myoblast transplantation in nonhuman primates. METHODS Macaca monkeys were injected intramuscularly with different amounts of myoblasts per single site. These sites were sampled 1 hr later and at posttransplantation days 1, 3, 5, and 7 and analyzed by histological techniques. RESULTS One day posttransplantation, the largest pockets of implanted cells showed cores of massive necrosis. The width of the peripheral layer of living cells was approximately 100-200 microm. We thus analyzed the relationship between the amount of myoblasts injected per site and the volume of ischemic necrosis. Delivering 0.1 x 10(6) and 0.3 x 10(6) myoblasts did not produce ischemic necrosis; pockets of 1 x 10(6), 3 x 10(6), 10 x 10(6), and 20 x 10(6) myoblasts exhibited, respectively, a mean of 2%, 9%, 41%, and 59% of central necrosis. Intense macrophage infiltration took place in the muscle, invading the accumulations of necrotic cells and eliminating them by posttransplantation days 5 to 7. CONCLUSIONS The desire to create more neoformed tissue by delivering more cells per injection site is confronted with the fact that the acute survival of the implanted cells is restricted to the peripheral layer that can profit of the diffusion of oxygen and nutriments from the surrounding recipient's tissue.
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Laumonier T, Yang S, Konig S, Chauveau C, Anegon I, Hoffmeyer P, Menetrey J. Lentivirus mediated HO-1 gene transfer enhances myogenic precursor cell survival after autologous transplantation in pig. Mol Ther 2007; 16:404-10. [PMID: 18026170 DOI: 10.1038/sj.mt.6300354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy for Duchenne muscular dystrophy and other muscle diseases is limited by a massive early cell death following injections. In this study, we explored the potential benefit of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression in the survival of porcine myogenic precursor cells (MPCs) transplanted in pig skeletal muscle. Increased HO-1 expression was assessed either by transient hyperthermia or by HO-1 lentiviral infection. One day after the thermic shock, we observed a fourfold and a threefold increase in HSP70/72 and HO-1 levels, respectively. This treatment protected 30% of cells from staurosporine-induced apoptosis in vitro. When porcine MPC were heat-shocked prior to grafting, we improved cell survival by threefold at 5 days after autologous transplantation (26.3 +/- 5.5% surviving cells). After HO-1 lentiviral transduction, almost 60% of cells expressed the transgene and kept their myogenic properties to proliferate and fuse in vitro. Apoptosis of HO-1 transduced cells was reduced by 50% in vitro after staurosporine induction. Finally, a fivefold enhancement in cell survival was observed after transplantation of HO-1-group (47.5 +/- 9.1% surviving cells) as compared to the nls-LacZ-group or control group. These results identify HO-1 as a protective gene against early MPC death post-transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Laumonier
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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40
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Stephan L, Pichavant C, Bouchentouf M, Mills P, Camirand G, Tagmouti S, Rothstein D, Tremblay JP. Induction of tolerance across fully mismatched barriers by a nonmyeloablative treatment excluding antibodies or irradiation use. Cell Transplant 2007; 15:835-46. [PMID: 17269453 DOI: 10.3727/000000006783981521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A mixed-chimerism approach is a major goal to circumvent sustained immunosuppression, but most of the proposed protocols need antibody treatment or host irradiation. Another promising experience involves busulfan combined with cyclophosphamide treatment. Additionally, recent publications demonstrated that, differing from busulfan, treosulfan administration does not present severe organ or hemato toxicities. Currently, Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients are treated with chronic immunosuppression for muscle precursor cell transplantation (MT). We have developed a safe tolerance approach within this cellular allotransplantation therapy background. Thus, we have conditioned, prior to a donor BALB/c MT, the dystrophic mouse model C57Bl10J mdx/mdx, with our treatment based on a donor-specific transfusion, then a treosulfan treatment combined with single cyclophosphamide dose, and finally a donor bone marrow transplantation (TTCB). A first MT was performed in all mixed chimeric mice resulting from the TTCB treatment in the left tibialis anterior (TA) muscles. A second MT from the same donor strain was performed 100 days later in the right TA without any additional therapy. Results show that all treated mice developed permanent mixed chimerism. Long-lasting donor-positive fibers were present in both TAs of the mice, which received MT after the TTCB treatment. Only a basal level of infiltration was observed around donor fibers and mixed chimeric mice rejected third-party haplotype skin grafts. Thus, mixed chimerism development with this TTCB conditioning regimen promotes donor-specific stable tolerance, avoiding costimulatory blockade antibodies or irradiation use and side effects of sustained immunosuppressive treatments. This protocol could be eventually applied for MT to DMD patients or others tissue transplantations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Stephan
- Human Genetic, CHUQ-CHUL, Laval University, Ste-Foy, G1V4G2, Canada
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41
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Péault B, Rudnicki M, Torrente Y, Cossu G, Tremblay JP, Partridge T, Gussoni E, Kunkel LM, Huard J. Stem and progenitor cells in skeletal muscle development, maintenance, and therapy. Mol Ther 2007; 15:867-77. [PMID: 17387336 DOI: 10.1038/mt.sj.6300145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 407] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Satellite cells are dormant progenitors located at the periphery of skeletal myofibers that can be triggered to proliferate for both self-renewal and differentiation into myogenic cells. In addition to anatomic location, satellite cells are typified by markers such as M-cadherin, Pax7, Myf5, and neural cell adhesion molecule-1. The Pax3 and Pax7 transcription factors play essential roles in the early specification, migration, and myogenic differentiation of satellite cells. In addition to muscle-committed satellite cells, multi-lineage stem cells encountered in embryonic, as well as adult, tissues exhibit myogenic potential in experimental conditions. These multi-lineage stem cells include side-population cells, muscle-derived stem cells (MDSCs), and mesoangioblasts. Although the ontogenic derivation, identity, and localization of these non-conventional myogenic cells remain elusive, recent results suggest their ultimate origin in blood vessel walls. Indeed, purified pericytes and endothelium-related cells demonstrate high myogenic potential in culture and in vivo. Allogeneic myoblasts transplanted into Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients have been, in early trials, largely inefficient owing to immune rejection, rapid death, and limited intramuscular migration--all obstacles that are now being alleviated, at least in part, by more efficient immunosuppression and escalated cell doses. As an alternative to myoblast transplantation, stem cells such as mesoangioblasts and CD133+ progenitors administered through blood circulation have recently shown great potential to regenerate dystrophic muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Péault
- Stem Cell Research Center, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Skuk D, Goulet M, Roy B, Piette V, Côté CH, Chapdelaine P, Hogrel JY, Paradis M, Bouchard JP, Sylvain M, Lachance JG, Tremblay JP. First test of a "high-density injection" protocol for myogenic cell transplantation throughout large volumes of muscles in a Duchenne muscular dystrophy patient: eighteen months follow-up. Neuromuscul Disord 2006; 17:38-46. [PMID: 17142039 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2006.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2006] [Revised: 09/18/2006] [Accepted: 10/11/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A 26-years old Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patient received normal muscle-precursor cells, proliferated in vitro and implanted in a thenar eminence, biceps brachii, and in a portion of a gastrocnemius by injections placed 1mm from each other or less. Saline was injected in the contralateral gastrocnemius. The patient was immunosuppressed with tacrolimus. The protocol of cell transplantation was well tolerated and did not cause permanent sequels. Some injected sites were biopsied at 1, 14 and 18 months post-transplantation. Muscles were replaced by fat and fibrosis. In the cell-grafted site of the gastrocnemius, 27.5% of the myofiber profiles expressed donor-derived dystrophin 1 month post-transplantation and 34.5% 18 months post-transplantation. The contralateral gastrocnemius was dystrophin-negative. Myofibers were virtually absent in the biceps brachii, where only two dystrophin-positive myofibers were observed. In conclusion, a "high-density injection" protocol was feasible for intramuscular cell-transplantation in a DMD patient and long-term expression of donor-derived dystrophin was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Skuk
- Unité de Recherche en Génétique Humaine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval, Laurier, QUE, Canada
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Bouchentouf M, Benabdallah BF, Mills P, Tremblay JP. Exercise improves the success of myoblast transplantation in mdx mice. Neuromuscul Disord 2006; 16:518-29. [PMID: 16919954 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2006.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2006] [Revised: 05/30/2006] [Accepted: 06/08/2006] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Transplantation of normal muscle precursor cells is a potential approach to restore dystrophin expression within dystrophin [deficient] mdx mice, a model of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. This study aims to evaluate whether exercise could improve graft success and hybrid fiber distribution within mdx muscle. eGFP(+) Muscle precursor cells were transplanted into tibialis anterior muscles of mdx mice using a single injection trajectory. During the following weeks, muscle fiber breaks were induced by making mdx mice swim. To evaluate fiber damage, Evans blue solution was injected intraperitoneally to mice 16h before their sacrifice. Tibialis anterior muscles were then harvested and eGFP, dystrophin and Evans blue labeling were analyzed by fluorescent microscopy. Twenty minutes of exercise (i.e., swimming) were used to induce damage in about 30% of TA muscle fibers. Graft success, evaluated as the percentage of hybrid fibers which are eGFP(+), was improved by 1.9-fold after swimming 3 times per week during 4 weeks and by 1.8-fold after daily swimming. Hybrid muscle fiber transversal and longitudinal distribution were also increased after repeated physical efforts. Exercise induced fiber breaks, which improved MPC recruitment and fusion and increased long-term graft success and also transverse and longitudinal distribution of hybrid fibers.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Cell Differentiation/physiology
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dystrophin/metabolism
- Elapid Venoms/pharmacology
- Evans Blue
- Graft Survival/physiology
- Green Fluorescent Proteins
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred mdx
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/cytology
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/metabolism
- Muscle, Skeletal/cytology
- Muscle, Skeletal/physiology
- Muscle, Skeletal/surgery
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/therapy
- Myoblasts/cytology
- Myoblasts/physiology
- Myoblasts/transplantation
- Physical Conditioning, Animal/physiology
- Tissue Transplantation/methods
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
- Manaf Bouchentouf
- CHUQ-CHUL, Laval University, 2705 boulevard Laurier, Ste-Foy, G1V4G2 Canada
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Abstract
Myoblast transplantation (MT) is an experimental strategy for the potential treatment of myopathies. MT has two properties that make it potentially beneficial: genetic complementation and myogenic potential. Preclinical experiments on monkeys have shown that promising results can be obtained with MT in large muscles of primates depending on two conditions: appropriate immunosuppression and cell delivery by a method of high-density injections. Preclinical work on MT is being, or may be, addressed to: develop efficient methods of donor cell delivery applicable to clinics; control or avoid acute rejection by methods with the fewest secondary effects; understand the factors that condition the early survival of donor cells following transplantation; increase the success of each individual injection; re-engineer a functional structure in muscles that degenerates to fibrosis and fat substitution; and search for precursor cells with potential advantages over myoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Skuk
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université Laval, Unité de recherche en Génétique humaine, CHUL du CHUQ, 2705, Boulevard Laurier, Québec, Canada.
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45
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Skuk D, Goulet M, Roy B, Chapdelaine P, Bouchard JP, Roy R, Dugré FJ, Sylvain M, Lachance JG, Deschênes L, Senay H, Tremblay JP. Dystrophin Expression in Muscles of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Patients After High-Density Injections of Normal Myogenic Cells. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2006; 65:371-86. [PMID: 16691118 DOI: 10.1097/01.jnen.0000218443.45782.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A clinical trial was conducted to test a new protocol of normal muscle precursor cell (MPC) allotransplantation in skeletal muscles of patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Cultured MPCs obtained from one of the patient's parents were implanted in 0.25 or 1 cm of a Tibialis anterior in 9 patients with DMD. MPC injections were placed 1 to 2 mm from each other, and a similar pattern of saline injections was done in the contralateral muscle. The patients were immunosuppressed with tacrolimus. Muscle biopsies were performed at the injected sites 4 weeks later. In the biopsies of the cell-grafted sites, there were myofibers expressing donor's dystrophin in 8 patients. The percentage of myofibers expressing donor's dystrophin varied from 3.5% to 26%. Evidence of small myofiber neoformation was observed in some patients. Donor-derived dystrophin transcripts were detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction in the cell-grafted sites in all patients. The protocol of immunosuppression was sufficient to obtain these results, although it is not certain whether acute rejection was efficiently controlled in all the cases. In conclusion, intramuscular allotransplantation of normal MPCs can induce the expression of donor-derived dystrophin in skeletal muscles of patients with DMD, although this expression is restricted to the sites of MPC injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Skuk
- Human Genetic Research Unit, Laval University Hospital Center, Quebec, Canada
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46
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Coulet B, Lacombe F, Lazerges C, Daussin PA, Rossano B, Micallef JP, Chammas M, Reyne Y, Bacou F. Short- or long-term effects of adult myoblast transfer on properties of reinnervated skeletal muscles. Muscle Nerve 2006; 33:254-64. [PMID: 16281277 DOI: 10.1002/mus.20459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle demonstrates a force deficit after repair of injured peripheral nerves. Data from the literature indicate that myoblast transfer enhances recovery of muscle function. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that transfer of adult myoblasts improves the properties of reinnervated rabbit tibialis anterior (TA) muscles in both the short term (4 months) and long term (14 months). Two months after transection and immediate suture of the common peroneal nerve, TA muscles were made to degenerate by cardiotoxin injection and then transplanted with adult myoblasts cultured for 13 days. Under these conditions, muscles studied at 4 months were heavier, contained larger fibers, and developed a significantly higher maximal force than muscles that had only been denervated-reinnervated. In the long term, although muscles made to degenerate were heavier and developed a significantly higher maximal force than denervated-reinnervated muscles, myoblast transfer failed to improve these parameters. However, the overall characteristics of long-term operated muscles tended clearly to approach those of the controls. Taken together, these results may have significant implications in certain orthopedic contexts, particularly after immediate or delayed muscle reinnervation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand Coulet
- UMR 866 Différenciation Cellulaire et Croissance, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Montpellier, France
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Cao B, Deasy BM, Pollett J, Huard J. Cell Therapy for Muscle Regeneration and Repair. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 2005; 16:889-907, viii. [PMID: 16214050 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmr.2005.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Baohong Cao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Growth and Development Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4100 Rangos Research Center, 3460 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Vilquin JT, Marolleau JP, Sacconi S, Garcin I, Lacassagne MN, Robert I, Ternaux B, Bouazza B, Larghero J, Desnuelle C. Normal growth and regenerating ability of myoblasts from unaffected muscles of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy patients. Gene Ther 2005; 12:1651-62. [PMID: 15973444 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by a typical regional distribution, featuring composed patterns of clinically affected and unaffected muscles. No treatment is available for this condition, in which the pathophysiological mechanism is still unknown. Autologous transfer of myoblasts from unaffected to affected territories could be considered as a potential strategy to delay or stop muscle degeneration. To evaluate the feasibility of this concept, we explored and compared the growth and differentiation characteristics of myoblasts prepared from phenotypically unaffected muscles of five FSHD patients and 10 control donors. According to a clinically approved procedure, 10(9) cells of a high degree of purity were obtained within 16-23 days. More than 80% of these cells were myoblasts, as demonstrated by labeling of the muscle markers CD56 and desmin. FSHD myoblasts presented a doubling time equivalent to that of control cells; they kept high proliferation ability and did not show early telomere shortening. In vitro, these cells were able to differentiate and to express muscle-specific antigens. In vivo, they participated to muscle structures when injected into immunodeficient mice. These data suggest that myoblasts expanded from unaffected FSHD muscles may be suitable tools in view of autologous cell transplantation clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-T Vilquin
- Inserm U582, Groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Institut de Myologie, Paris, France
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Chakkalakal JV, Thompson J, Parks RJ, Jasmin BJ. Molecular, cellular, and pharmacological therapies for Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophies. FASEB J 2005; 19:880-91. [PMID: 15923398 DOI: 10.1096/fj.04-1956rev] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Although the molecular defect causing Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD/BMD) was identified nearly 20 years ago, the development of effective therapeutic strategies has nonetheless remained a daunting challenge. Over the years, a variety of different approaches have been explored in an effort to compensate for the lack of the DMD gene product called dystrophin. This review not only presents some of the most promising molecular, cellular, and pharmacological strategies but also highlights some issues that need to be addressed before considering their implementation. Specifically, we describe current strategies being developed to exogenously deliver healthy copies of the dystrophin gene to dystrophic muscles. We present the findings of several studies that have focused on repairing the mutant dystrophin gene using various approaches. We include a discussion of cell-based therapies that capitalize on the use of myoblast or stem cell transfer. Finally, we summarize the results of several studies that may eventually lead to the development of appropriate drug-based therapies. In this context, we review our current knowledge of the mechanisms regulating expression of utrophin, the autosomal homologue of dystrophin. Given the complexity associated with the dystrophic phenotype, it appears likely that a combinatorial approach involving different therapeutic strategies will be necessary for the appropriate management and eventual treatment of this devastating neuromuscular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe V Chakkalakal
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Centre for Neuromuscular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Holzer N, Hogendoorn S, Zürcher L, Garavaglia G, Yang S, König S, Laumonier T, Menetrey J. Autologous transplantation of porcine myogenic precursor cells in skeletal muscle. Neuromuscul Disord 2005; 15:237-44. [PMID: 15725585 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2004.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2004] [Revised: 11/08/2004] [Accepted: 11/15/2004] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Myoblast transplantation is a potential therapy for severe muscle trauma, myopathies and heart infarct. Success with this therapy relies on the ability to obtain cell preparations enriched in myogenic precursor cells and on their survival after transplantation. To define myoblast transplantation strategies applicable to patients, we used a large animal model, the pig. Muscle dissociation procedures adapted to porcine tissue gave high yields of cells containing at least 80% myogenic precursor cells. Autologous transplantation of 3[H]-thymidine labeled porcine myogenic precursor cells indicated 60% survival at day 1 followed by a decay to 10% at day 5 post-injection. Nuclei of myogenic precursor cells transduced with a lentivirus encoding the nls-lacZ reporter gene were present in host myotubes 8 days post-transplantation, indicating that injected myogenic precursor cells contribute to muscle regeneration. This work suggests that pig is an adequate large animal model for exploring myogenic precursor cells transplantation strategies applicable in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Holzer
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Dermatology, Geneva Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
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