1
|
Liu Y, Peng W, Hu M, Yan D, Xu M, He X, Wu C. The Substance Basis Research of Stir-Baking to Dark Brown Could Enhance the Promoting Effects of Areca Nut on Gastrointestinal Motility. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.13103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Peng
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
| | - Meibian Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Yan
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
| | - Min Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan He
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
| | - Chunjie Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kozakai T, Sakate M, Takizawa S, Uchide T, Kobayashi H, Oishi K, Ishida N, Saida K. Effect of feeding behavior on circadian regulation of endothelin expression in mouse colon. Life Sci 2014; 118:232-7. [PMID: 25010841 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2014.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Revised: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The function, regulation and gene expression of the endothelin (ET) system in the intestine is not well understood. We investigated the dependence on feeding schedule and biological clock of the regulation of ET-1 gene expression in mouse colon. MAIN METHODS Mice were fed freely, fasted for 48 h and re-fed after fasting. KEY FINDINGS Where indicated ET-1 gene expression was highest in the colon compared with other tissues examined in fasted mice. Fasting increased the level, while maintaining the rhythmicity, of ET-1 gene expression in epithelial colonic tissue. Re-feeding, however, decreased ET-1 gene expression and suppressed rhythmic oscillation, and the rhythmicity also changed for gene expression for circadian clocks, period-1 and period-2 (Per1 and Per2). Furthermore, the decrease in ET-1 gene expression induced by re-feeding was blocked by pre-treatment with hexamethonium and atropine. The daily change in ET-1 gene expression in colon, which depends on feeding schedule via the autonomic nervous system, is synchronized with peripheral circadian oscillators under conditions of free feeding and fasting but not re-feeding. The decrease in ET-1 gene expression in the proximal colon induced by re-feeding occurs via the nervous system. SIGNIFICANCE ET-1 plays an important physiological role, which is dependent on feeding behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takaharu Kozakai
- Institute for Biological Resources and Functions, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan; Yamagata University, Faculty of Education, Art and Science, Kojirakawa 1-4-12, Yamagata 990-8560, Japan
| | - Mitsue Sakate
- International Patent Organism Depositary, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takizawa
- Institute for Biological Resources and Functions, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Uchide
- Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hisato Kobayashi
- Institute for Biological Resources and Functions, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan; Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Katsutaka Oishi
- Institute for Biological Resources and Functions, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan; Institute for Biomedical Research, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
| | - Norio Ishida
- Institute for Biological Resources and Functions, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan; Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Institute for Biomedical Research, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
| | - Kaname Saida
- Institute for Biological Resources and Functions, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan; International Patent Organism Depositary, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan; Institute for Biomedical Research, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan; Human Stress Signal Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kozakai T, Sakate M, Saida K. Regulation of endothelin-1 expression and function by nutrient stress in mouse colon epithelia. Scand J Gastroenterol 2008; 43:886-94. [PMID: 18584528 DOI: 10.1080/00365520701792372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The endothelin (ET) system is influenced by a variety of stress conditions in many tissues. However, the effects of nutrient stress conditions on ET expression and its function are not well understood in the intestinal tract, while ET-1 gene expression and peptide were found in the intestinal tract. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of feeding and fasting on the expression of ET-1 and short-circuit current (Isc) induced by ET-1 in mouse colon. MATERIAL AND METHODS Mice were fed freely, fasted for 48 h, and re-fed after fasting, respectively. ET-1 mRNA levels and peptide concentrations were analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sandwich ELISA, respectively. Isc of epithelial tissue was measured under short-circuit conditions using a Ussing chamber. RESULTS ET-1 mRNA expression and peptide concentrations in epithelial colonic tissue were significantly increased 48 h after fasting, and decreased within 2 h of re-feeding after a 48-h fast. Furthermore, the addition of ET-1 to the serosal but not the mucosal side increased Isc in colonic epithelia. An increase in Isc was caused by chloride ion (Cl(-)) secretion because Isc induced by ET-1 was blocked by bumetanide and Cl(- -) free conditions. In addition, an increase in Isc induced by ET-1 in colon excised from fasted mice was much lower than that obtained from free-fed mice. CONCLUSIONS Gene expression, peptide concentration, and the function of ET-1 in mouse colonic epithelia are regulated by nutrient stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takaharu Kozakai
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Institute for Biological Resources and Functions, Ibaraki, Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hyndman KA, Evans DH. Endothelin and endothelin converting enzyme-1 in the fish gill:evolutionary and physiological perspectives. J Exp Biol 2007; 210:4286-97. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.009969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
SUMMARY
In euryhaline fishes like the killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus)that experience daily fluctuations in environmental salinity, endothelin 1(EDN1) may be an important regulator molecule necessary to maintain ion homeostasis. The purpose of this study was to determine if EDN1 and the endothelin converting enzyme (ECE1; the enzyme necessary for cleaving the precursor proendothelin-1 to EDN1) are present in the killifish, to determine if environmental salinity regulates their expression, and to examine the phylogenetic relationships among the EDNs and among the ECEs. We sequenced killifish gill cDNA for two EDN1 orthologues, EDN1A and EDN1B, and also sequenced a portion of ECE1 cDNA. EDN1A and ECE1 mRNA are expressed ubiquitously in the killifish while EDN1B mRNA has little expression in the killifish opercular epithelium or gill. Using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, EDN1 was localized to large round cells adjacent to the mitochondrion-rich cells of the killifish gill, and to lamellar pillar cells. In the gill, EDN1A and EDN1B mRNA levels did not differ with acute (<24 h) or chronic (30 days) acclimation to seawater (SW); however, EDN1B levels increased threefold post SW to freshwater (FW) transfer,and ECE1 mRNA levels significantly increased twofold over this period. ECE1 mRNA levels also increased sixfold over 24 h post FW to SW transfer. Chronic exposure to SW or FW had little effect on ECE1mRNA levels. Based upon our cellular localization studies, we modeled EDN1 expression in the fish gill and conclude that it is positioned to act as a paracrine regulator of gill functions in euryhaline fishes. It also may function as an autocrine on pillar cells, where it is hypothesized to regulate local blood flow in the lamellae. From our phylogenetic analyses, ECE is predicted to have an ancient origin and may be a generalist endoprotease in non-vertebrate organisms, while EDNs are vertebrate-specific peptides and may be key characters in vertebrate evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A. Hyndman
- Department of Zoology, University of Florida, 221 Bartram Hall,Gainesville, FL 32608, USA and Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory,Salisbury Cove, ME 04672, USA
| | - David H. Evans
- Department of Zoology, University of Florida, 221 Bartram Hall,Gainesville, FL 32608, USA and Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory,Salisbury Cove, ME 04672, USA
| |
Collapse
|