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Fischer NG, Aparicio C. The salivary pellicle on dental biomaterials. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 200:111570. [PMID: 33460965 PMCID: PMC8005451 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The salivary pellicle, an adlayer formed by adsorption of salivary components on teeth and dental biomaterials, has direct consequences on basic outcomes of dentistry. Here, we provide an overview of salivary pellicle formation processes with a critical focus on dental biomaterials. We describe and critique the array of salivary pellicle measurement techniques. We also discuss factors that may affect salivary pellicle formation and the heterogeneity of the published literature describing salivary pellicle formation on dental biomaterials. Finally, we survey the many effects salivary pellicles have on dental biomaterials and highlight its implications on design criteria for dental biomaterials. Future investigations may lead to rationally designed dental biomaterials to control the salivary pellicle and enhance material function and patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas G Fischer
- MDRCBB, Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, USA
| | - Conrado Aparicio
- MDRCBB, Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, USA.
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Blackwell R, Hemmerle A, Baer A, Späth M, Peukert W, Parsons D, Sengupta K, Smith AS. On the control of dispersion interactions between biological membranes and protein coated biointerfaces. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 598:464-473. [PMID: 33951546 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.02.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Interaction of cellular membranes with biointerfaces is of vital importance for a number of medical devices and implants. Adhesiveness of these surfaces and cells is often regulated by depositing a layer of bovine serum albumin (BSA) or other protein coatings. However, anomalously large separations between phospholipid membranes and the biointerfaces in various conditions and buffers have been observed, which could not be understood using available theoretical arguments. METHODS Using the Lifshitz theory, we here evaluate the distance-dependent Hamaker coefficient describing the dispersion interaction between a biointerface and a membrane to understand the relative positioning of two surfaces. Our theoretical modeling is supported by experiments where the biointerface is represented by a glass substrate with deposited BSA and protein layers. These biointerfaces are allowed to interact with giant unilamellar vesicles decorated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) using PEG lipids to mimic cellular membranes and their pericellular coat. RESULTS We demonstrate that careful treatment of the van der Waals interactions is critical for explaining the lack of adhesiveness of the membranes with protein-decorated biointerfaces. We show that BSA alone indeed passivates the glass, but depositing an additional protein layer on the surface BSA, or producing multiple layers of proteins and BSA results in repulsive dispersion forces responsible for 100 nm large equilibrium separations between the two surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Blackwell
- PULS Group, Department of Physics and Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstrasse 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Arnaud Hemmerle
- Aix-Marseille Université, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanosciences de Marseille, CNRS, UMR 7325, Campus de Luminy, 13288 Marseille cedex 9, France.
| | - Andreas Baer
- PULS Group, Department of Physics and Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstrasse 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Matthias Späth
- PULS Group, Department of Physics and Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstrasse 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Peukert
- Institute of Particle Technology, Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Haberstrasse 9a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Drew Parsons
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy; Discipline of Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics, College of Science Health Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, 6150 WA, Australia.
| | - Kheya Sengupta
- Aix-Marseille Université, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanosciences de Marseille, CNRS, UMR 7325, Campus de Luminy, 13288 Marseille cedex 9, France.
| | - Ana-Sunčana Smith
- PULS Group, Department of Physics and Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstrasse 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Mattinen ML, Riviere G, Henn A, Nugroho RWN, Leskinen T, Nivala O, Valle-Delgado JJ, Kostiainen MA, Österberg M. Colloidal Lignin Particles as Adhesives for Soft Materials. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8121001. [PMID: 30513957 PMCID: PMC6315807 DOI: 10.3390/nano8121001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Lignin has interesting functionalities to be exploited in adhesives for medicine, foods and textiles. Nanoparticles (NPs) < 100 nm coated with poly (L-lysine), PL and poly(L-glutamic acid) PGA were prepared from the laccase treated lignin to coat nanocellulose fibrils (CNF) with heat. NPs ca. 300 nm were prepared, β-casein coated and cross-linked with transglutaminase (Tgase) to agglutinate chamois. Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were used to characterize polymerized lignin, while zeta potential and dynamic light scattering (DLS) to ensure coating of colloidal lignin particles (CLPs). Protein adsorption on lignin was studied by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was exploited to examine interactions between different polymers and to image NPs with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Tensile testing showed, when using CLPs for the adhesion, the stress improved ca. 10 and strain ca. 6 times compared to unmodified Kraft. For the β-casein NPs, the values were 20 and 8, respectively, and for the β-casein coated CLPs between these two cases. When NPs were dispersed in adhesive formulation, the increased Young’s moduli confirmed significant improvement in the stiffness of the joints over the adhesive alone. Exploitation of lignin in nanoparticulate morphology is a potential method to prepare bionanomaterials for advanced applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maija-Liisa Mattinen
- Bioproduct Chemistry, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland.
| | - Guillaume Riviere
- Bioproduct Chemistry, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland.
| | - Alexander Henn
- Bioproduct Chemistry, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland.
| | - Robertus Wahyu N Nugroho
- Bioproduct Chemistry, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland.
| | - Timo Leskinen
- Bioproduct Chemistry, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland.
| | - Outi Nivala
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT Espoo, Finland.
| | - Juan José Valle-Delgado
- Bioproduct Chemistry, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland.
| | - Mauri A Kostiainen
- Biohybrid Materials, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, FI-00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland.
| | - Monika Österberg
- Bioproduct Chemistry, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland.
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Nugroho RWN, Harjumäki R, Zhang X, Lou YR, Yliperttula M, Valle-Delgado JJ, Österberg M. Quantifying the interactions between biomimetic biomaterials - collagen I, collagen IV, laminin 521 and cellulose nanofibrils - by colloidal probe microscopy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 173:571-580. [PMID: 30347384 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.09.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterials of different nature have been and are widely studied for various biomedical applications. In many cases, biomaterial assemblies are designed to mimic biological systems. Although biomaterials have been thoroughly characterized in many aspects, not much quantitative information on the molecular level interactions between different biomaterials is available. That information is very important, on the one hand, to understand the properties of biological systems and, on the other hand, to develop new composite biomaterials for special applications. This work presents a systematic, quantitative analysis of self- and cross-interactions between films of collagen I (Col I), collagen IV (Col IV), laminin (LN-521), and cellulose nanofibrils (CNF), that is, biomaterials of different nature and structure that either exist in biological systems (e.g., extracellular matrices) or have shown potential for 3D cell culture and tissue engineering. Direct surface forces and adhesion between biomaterials-coated spherical microparticles and flat substrates were measured in phosphate-buffered saline using an atomic force microscope and the colloidal probe technique. Different methods (Langmuir-Schaefer deposition, spin-coating, or adsorption) were applied to completely coat the flat substrates and the spherical microparticles with homogeneous biomaterial films. The adhesion between biomaterials films increased with the time that the films were kept in contact. The strongest adhesion was observed between Col IV films, and between Col IV and LN-521 films after 30 s contact time. In contrast, low adhesion was measured between CNF films, as well as between CNF and LN-521 films. Nevertheless, a good adhesion between CNF and collagen films (especially Col I) was observed. These results increase our understanding of the structure of biological systems and can support the design of new matrices or scaffolds where different biomaterials are combined for diverse biological or medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robertus Wahyu N Nugroho
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Riina Harjumäki
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland; Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Yan-Ru Lou
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marjo Yliperttula
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Juan José Valle-Delgado
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland.
| | - Monika Österberg
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland.
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5
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Lei H, Cheng N, Zhao J. Interaction between membrane and organic compounds studied by atomic force microscopy with a tip modification. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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6
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Shi B, Shin YK, Hassanali AA, Singer SJ. Biomolecules at the amorphous silica/water interface: Binding and fluorescence anisotropy of peptides. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 157:83-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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7
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Jiang Y, Zhu G, Dong G, Lin F, Zhang H, Yuan J, Zhang Z, Jin C. Probing the oxidative etching induced dissolution of palladium nanocrystals in solution by liquid cell transmission electron microscopy. Micron 2017; 97:22-28. [PMID: 28334630 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A microscopic study of dissolution process of nanocrystals, an opposite while functioning cooperatively with growth in many cases, is an essential issue in variety aspects of research on nanocrystals. In this work, an in situ study of the dynamic dissolution process of palladium nanocrystals by liquid cell transmission electron microscope (TEM) is presented. The effective critical size (Rcritical) for monodispersed nanocrystals is determined to be about 5nm in the experimental condition of this article. When the size of nanocrystal is above Rcritical, the dissolution rate (dr/dt) is nearly a constant. For the nanocrystal sizing below Rcritical, the dissolution rate (dr/dt) increases with the decrease of the nanocrystal radius r, indicating that high equilibrium solubility must be taken into account in the dissolution rate of small nanocrystals in solution. It is found that the aggregation kinetics and confinement effect between adjacent nanocrystals have effects on the dissolution rate during the reaction, and it has been analyzed in details and discussed in terms of the underlying physics involved. Lastly, the effects of electron beam-water interaction and the iron (III) agents on the oxidative etching are also compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, PR China
| | - Guomin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, PR China
| | - Ganxing Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, PR China
| | - Fang Lin
- College of Electronic Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, PR China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, PR China
| | - Jun Yuan
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom; State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, PR China
| | - Ze Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, PR China
| | - Chuanhong Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, PR China..
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Wang Z, He C, Gong X, Wang J, Ngai T. Measuring the Surface-Surface Interactions Induced by Serum Proteins in a Physiological Environment. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:12129-12136. [PMID: 27794620 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we applied total internal reflection microscopy (TIRM) to directly measure the interactions between three different kinds of macroscopic surfaces: namely bare polystyrene (PS) particle and bare silica surface (bare-PS/bare-silica), PS particle and silica surfaces both coated with bovine serum albumin (BSA) (BSA-PS/BSA-silica), and PS particle and silica surfaces both modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG) (PEG-PS/PEG-silica) polymers, in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) and fetal bovine serum (FBS). Our results showed that in PBS, all the bare-PS, BSA-PS, and PEG-PS particles were irreversibly deposited onto the bare silica surface or surfaces coated either with BSA or PEG. However, in FBS, the interaction potentials between the particle and surface exhibited both free-diffusing particle and stuck particle profiles. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and elliposmeter measurements indicated that there was a layer of serum proteins adsorbed on the PS particle and silica surface. TIRM measurement revealed that such adsorbed serum proteins can mediate the surface-surface interactions by providing additional stabilization under certain conditions, but also promoting bridging effect between the two surfaces. The measured potential profile of the stuck particle in FBS thus was much wider than in PBS. These quantitative measurements provide insights that serum proteins adsorbed onto surfaces can regulate surface-surface interactions, thus leading to unique moving behavior and stability of colloidal particles in the serum environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, The People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanxin He
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University , Shenzhen, China 518060
| | - Xiangjun Gong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou, China 510640
| | - Jianqi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, The People's Republic of China
| | - To Ngai
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, The People's Republic of China
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Moore TL, Rodriguez-Lorenzo L, Hirsch V, Balog S, Urban D, Jud C, Rothen-Rutishauser B, Lattuada M, Petri-Fink A. Nanoparticle colloidal stability in cell culture media and impact on cellular interactions. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:6287-6305. [PMID: 26056687 DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00487f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 635] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nanomaterials are finding increasing use for biomedical applications such as imaging, diagnostics, and drug delivery. While it is well understood that nanoparticle (NP) physico-chemical properties can dictate biological responses and interactions, it has been difficult to outline a unifying framework to directly link NP properties to expected in vitro and in vivo outcomes. When introduced to complex biological media containing electrolytes, proteins, lipids, etc., nanoparticles (NPs) are subjected to a range of forces which determine their behavior in this environment. One aspect of NP behavior in biological systems that is often understated or overlooked is aggregation. NP aggregation will significantly alter in vitro behavior (dosimetry, NP uptake, cytotoxicity), as well as in vivo fate (pharmacokinetics, toxicity, biodistribution). Thus, understanding the factors driving NP colloidal stability and aggregation is paramount. Furthermore, studying biological interactions with NPs at the nanoscale level requires an interdisciplinary effort with a robust understanding of multiple characterization techniques. This review examines the factors that determine NP colloidal stability, the various efforts to stabilize NP in biological media, the methods to characterize NP colloidal stability in situ, and provides a discussion regarding NP interactions with cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas L Moore
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | | | - Vera Hirsch
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Sandor Balog
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Dominic Urban
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Corinne Jud
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | | | - Marco Lattuada
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Alke Petri-Fink
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
- Chemistry Department, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
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10
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Jiang L, Han J, Yang L, Ma H, Huang B. Interactions of hyaluronan grafted on protein surfaces studied using a quartz crystal microbalance and a surface force balance. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:7276-7287. [PMID: 26274046 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm01086a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Vocal folds are complex and multilayer-structured where the main layer is widely composed of hyaluronan (HA). The viscoelasticity of HA is key to voice production in the vocal fold as it affects the initiation and maintenance of phonation. In this study a simple layer-structured surface model was set up to mimic the structure of the vocal folds. The interactions between two opposing surfaces bearing HA were measured and characterised to analyse HA's response to the normal and shear compression at a stress level similar to that in the vocal fold. From the measurements of the quartz crystal microbalance, atomic force microscopy and the surface force balance, the osmotic pressure, normal interactions, elasticity change, volume fraction, refractive index and friction of both HA and the supporting protein layer were obtained. These findings may shed light on the physical mechanism of HA function in the vocal fold and the specific role of HA as an important component in the effective treatment of the vocal fold disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum, 66 Changjiang West Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China.
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Meng X, Tang W, Wang L, Wang X, Huang D, Chen H, Zhang N. Mechanism analysis of membrane fouling behavior by humic acid using atomic force microscopy: Effect of solution pH and hydrophilicity of PVDF ultrafiltration membrane interface. J Memb Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2015.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Gates RS, Osborn WA, Shaw GA. Accurate flexural spring constant calibration of colloid probe cantilevers using scanning laser Doppler vibrometry. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 26:235704. [PMID: 25990652 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/26/23/235704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Calibration of the flexural spring constant for atomic force microscope (AFM) colloid probe cantilevers provides significant challenges. The presence of a large attached spherical added mass complicates many of the more common calibration techniques such as reference cantilever, Sader, and added mass. Even the most promising option, AFM thermal calibration, can encounter difficulties during the optical lever sensitivity measurement due to strong adhesion and friction between the sphere and a surface. This may cause buckling of the end of the cantilever and hysteresis in the approach-retract curves resulting in increased uncertainty in the calibration. Most recently, a laser Doppler vibrometry thermal method has been used to accurately calibrate the normal spring constant of a wide variety of tipped and tipless commercial cantilevers. This paper describes a variant of the technique, scanning laser Doppler vibrometry, optimized for colloid probe cantilevers and capable of spring constant calibration uncertainties near ±1%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard S Gates
- Materials Measurement Science Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
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13
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Zhang Y, Zheng J, Zheng L, Zhou Z. Effect of adsorption time on the adhesion strength between salivary pellicle and human tooth enamel. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2015; 42:257-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2014.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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14
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Vukosavljevic D, Hutter JL, Helmerhorst EJ, Xiao Y, Custodio W, Zaidan FC, Oppenheim FG, Siqueira WL. Nanoscale adhesion forces between enamel pellicle proteins and hydroxyapatite. J Dent Res 2014; 93:514-9. [PMID: 24591293 DOI: 10.1177/0022034514526599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The acquired enamel pellicle (AEP) is important for minimizing the abrasion caused by parafunctional conditions as they occur, for instance, during bruxism. It is a remarkable feature of the AEP that a protein/peptide film can provide enough protection in normofunction to prevent teeth from abrasion and wear. Despite its obvious critical role in the protection of tooth surfaces, the essential adhesion features of AEP proteins on the enamel surface are poorly characterized. The objective of this study was to measure the adhesion force between histatin 5, a primary AEP component, and hydroxyapatite (HA) surfaces. Both biotinylated histatin 5 and biotinylated human serum albumin were allowed to adsorb to streptavidin-coated silica microspheres attached to atomic force microscope (AFM) cantilevers. A multimode AFM with a Nanoscope IIIa controller was used to measure the adhesion force between protein-functionalized silica microspheres attached to cantilever tips and the HA surface. The imaging was performed in tapping mode with a Si3N4 AFM cantilever, while the adhesion forces were measured in AFM contact mode. A collection of force-distance curves (~3,000/replicate) was obtained to generate histograms from which the adhesion forces between histatin 5 or albumin and the HA surface were measured. We found that histatin 5 exhibited stronger adhesion forces (90% >1.830 nN) to the HA surface than did albumin (90% > 0.282 nN). This study presents an objective approach to adhesion force measurements between histatin 5 and HA, and provides the experimental basis for measuring the same parameters for other AEP constituents. Such knowledge will help in the design of synthetic proteins and peptides with preventive and therapeutic benefits for tooth enamel.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Vukosavljevic
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N5A 6C1, Canada
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15
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Zinchenko A, Tsumoto K, Murata S, Yoshikawa K. Crowding by Anionic Nanoparticles Causes DNA Double-Strand Instability and Compaction. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:1256-62. [DOI: 10.1021/jp4107712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly Zinchenko
- Graduate
School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Kanta Tsumoto
- Graduate
School of Engineering, Mie University, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Shizuaki Murata
- Graduate
School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yoshikawa
- Faculty
of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, 610-0394, Japan
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16
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Valle-Delgado J, Molina-Bolívar J, Galisteo-González F, Gálvez-Ruiz M. Evidence of hydration forces between proteins. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2011.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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17
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Handa H, Gurczynski S, Jackson MP, Mao G. Immobilization and molecular interactions between bacteriophage and lipopolysaccharide bilayers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:12095-12103. [PMID: 20481467 DOI: 10.1021/la1013413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The paper describes immobilization methods of bacteriophage P22 and tailspike gp9 proteins isolated from P22 on atomic force microscope (AFM) probes. The paper also reports single molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS) using AFM of the immobilized P22 (or gp9) interactions with substrate-supported O-antigenic lipopolysaccharides (LPS) bilayers. LPS covers the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria, such as Salmonella typhimurium. Evidence from AFM imaging and SMFS shows that immobilized P22 (or gp9) are capable of strong and multivalent binding to supported LPS. The most common rupture forces between P22 and LPS were identified to be 72, 130, 206, and 279 pN at force loading rate of 12,000 pN/s. The quantized unbinding force was found to decrease with decreasing force loading rate as predicted by the Bell model. By fitting the force data with the Bell model, an energy barrier of 55 kJ/mol was obtained. Evidence is also provided that demonstrates the resilience of phage to pH and temperature fluctuation as well as dehydration/rehydration cycles. The biospecific interactions between P22 and the LPS are relevant to cell infection, inflammation, cancer progression and metastasis, food safety, pharmaceuticals, and biosensor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitesh Handa
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
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18
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Rickard DL, Duncan PB, Needham D. Hydration potential of lysozyme: protein dehydration using a single microparticle technique. Biophys J 2010; 98:1075-84. [PMID: 20303865 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2009] [Revised: 11/18/2009] [Accepted: 11/25/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
For biological molecules in aqueous solution, the hydration pressure as a function of distance from the molecular surface represents a very short-range repulsive pressure that limits atom-atom contact, opposing the attractive van der Waals pressure. Whereas the separation distance for molecules that easily arrange into ordered arrays (e.g., lipids, DNA, collagen fibers) can be determined from x-ray diffraction, many globular proteins are not as easily structured. Using a new micropipette technique, spherical, glassified protein microbeads can be made that allow determination of protein hydration as a function of the water activity (a(w)) in a surrounding medium (decanol). By adjusting a(w) of the dehydration medium, the final protein concentration of the solid microbead is controlled, and ranges from 700 to 1150 mg/mL. By controlling a(w) (and thus the osmotic pressure) around lysozyme, the repulsive pressure was determined as a function of distance between each globular, ellipsoid protein. For separation distances, d, between 2.5 and 9 A, the repulsive decay length was 1.7 A and the pressure extrapolated to d = 0 was 2.2 x 10(8) N/m(2), indicating that the hydration pressure for lysozyme is similar to other biological interfaces such as phospholipid bilayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah L Rickard
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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19
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Lau PCY, Dutcher JR, Beveridge TJ, Lam JS. Absolute quantitation of bacterial biofilm adhesion and viscoelasticity by microbead force spectroscopy. Biophys J 2009; 96:2935-48. [PMID: 19348775 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2008.12.3943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2008] [Revised: 12/24/2008] [Accepted: 12/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms are the most prevalent mode of bacterial growth in nature. Adhesive and viscoelastic properties of bacteria play important roles at different stages of biofilm development. Following irreversible attachment of bacterial cells onto a surface, a biofilm can grow in which its matrix viscoelasticity helps to maintain structural integrity, determine stress resistance, and control ease of dispersion. In this study, a novel application of force spectroscopy was developed to characterize the surface adhesion and viscoelasticity of bacterial cells in biofilms. By performing microbead force spectroscopy with a closed-loop atomic force microscope, we accurately quantified these properties over a defined contact area. Using the model gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa, we observed that the adhesive and viscoelastic properties of an isogenic lipopolysaccharide mutant wapR biofilm were significantly different from those measured for the wild-type strain PAO1 biofilm. Moreover, biofilm maturation in either strain also led to prominent changes in adhesion and viscoelasticity. To minimize variability in force measurements resulting from experimental parameter changes, we developed standardized conditions for microbead force spectroscopy to enable meaningful comparison of data obtained in different experiments. Force plots measured under standard conditions showed that the adhesive pressures of PAO1 and wapR early biofilms were 34 +/- 15 Pa and 332 +/- 47 Pa, respectively, whereas those of PAO1 and wapR mature biofilms were 19 +/- 7 Pa and 80 +/- 22 Pa, respectively. Fitting of creep data to a Voigt Standard Linear Solid viscoelasticity model revealed that the instantaneous and delayed elastic moduli in P. aeruginosa were drastically reduced by lipopolysaccharide deficiency and biofilm maturation, whereas viscosity was decreased only for biofilm maturation. In conclusion, we have introduced a direct biophysical method for simultaneously quantifying adhesion and viscoelasticity in bacterial biofilms under native conditions. This method could prove valuable for elucidating the contribution of genetic backgrounds, growth conditions, and environmental stresses to microbial community physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter C Y Lau
- Biophysics Interdepartmental Group, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G2W1, Canada
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20
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Evans PJ, Bird MR, Rogers D, Wright CJ. Measurement of polyphenol–membrane interaction forces during the ultrafiltration of black tea liquor. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2008.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Hwang DS, Gim Y, Cha HJ. Expression of Functional Recombinant Mussel Adhesive Protein Type 3A in Escherichia coli. Biotechnol Prog 2008; 21:965-70. [PMID: 15932281 DOI: 10.1021/bp050014e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mussel adhesive proteins, including the 20-plus variants of foot protein type 3 (fp-3), have been suggested as potential environmentally friendly adhesives for use in aqueous conditions and in medicine. Here we report the novel production of a recombinant Mytilus galloprovincialis foot protein type 3 variant A (Mgfp-3A) fused with a hexahistidine affinity ligand in Escherichia coli and its approximately 99% purification with affinity chromatography. Recombinant Mgfp-3A showed a superior purification yield and better apparent solubility in 5% acetic acid (prerequisites for large-scale production and practical use) compared to those of the previously reported recombinant M. galloprovincialis foot protein type 5 (Mgfp-5). The adsorption abilities and adhesion forces of purified recombinant Mgfp-3A were compared with those of Cell-Tak (a commercial mussel extract adhesive) and recombinant Mgfp-5 using quartz crystal microbalance analysis and modified atomic force microscopy, respectively. These assays showed that the adhesive ability of recombinant Mgfp-3A was comparable to that of Cell-Tak but lower than that of recombinant Mgfp-5. Collectively, these results indicate that recombinant Mgfp-3A may be useful as a commercial bioadhesive or an adhesive ingredient in medical or underwater environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Soo Hwang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Division of Molecular and Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
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22
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Liang Y, Hilal N, Langston P, Starov V. Interaction forces between colloidal particles in liquid: theory and experiment. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2007; 134-135:151-66. [PMID: 17499205 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2007.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2006] [Revised: 04/02/2007] [Accepted: 04/08/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The interaction forces acting between colloidal particles in suspensions play an important part in determining the properties of a variety of materials, the behaviour of a range of industrial and environmental processes. Below we briefly review the theories of the colloidal forces between particles and surfaces including London-van der Waals forces, electrical double layer forces, solvation forces, hydrophobic forces and steric forces. In the framework of Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory, theoretical predictions of total interparticle interaction forces are discussed. A survey of direct measurements of the interaction forces between colloidal particles as a function of the surface separation is presented. Most of the measurements have been carried out mainly using the atomic force microscopy (AFM) as well as the surface force apparatus (SFA) in the liquid phase. With the highly sophisticated and versatile techniques that are employed by far, the existing interaction theories between surfaces have been validated and advanced. In addition, the direct force measurements by AFM have also been useful in the explaining or understanding of more complex phenomena and in engineering the products and processes occurring in many industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuncheng Liang
- School of Chemical, Environmental and Mining Engineering, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
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23
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Valle-Delgado JJ, Molina-Bolívar JA, Galisteo-González F, Gálvez-Ruiz MJ, Feiler A, Rutland MW. Adhesion forces between protein layers studied by means of atomic force microscopy. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2006; 22:5108-14. [PMID: 16700601 DOI: 10.1021/la053011k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Adhesion forces between different protein layers adsorbed on different substrates in aqueous media have been measured by means of an atomic force microscope using the colloid probe technique. The effects of the loading force, the salt concentration and pH of the medium, and the electrolyte type on the strength, the pull-off distance, and the separation energy of such adhesion forces have been analyzed in depth. Two very different proteins (bovine serum albumin and apoferritin) and two dissimilar substrates (silica and polystyrene) were used in the experiments. The results clearly point out a very important contribution of the electrostatic interactions in the adhesion between protein layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Valle-Delgado
- Biocolloid and Fluid Physics Group, Department of Applied Physics, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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24
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Hilal N, Bowen W, Alkhatib L, Ogunbiyi O. A Review of Atomic Force Microscopy Applied to Cell Interactions with Membranes. Chem Eng Res Des 2006. [DOI: 10.1205/cherd05053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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25
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Wright CJ, Armstrong I. The application of atomic force microscopy force measurements to the characterisation of microbial surfaces. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.2506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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26
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Valle-Delgado JJ, Molina-Bolívar JA, Galisteo-González F, Gálvez-Ruiz MJ, Feiler A, Rutland MW. Existence of hydration forces in the interaction between apoferritin molecules adsorbed on silica surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2005; 21:9544-54. [PMID: 16207034 DOI: 10.1021/la050825s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The atomic force microscope, together with the colloid probe technique, has become a very useful instrument to measure interaction forces between two surfaces. Its potential has been exploited in this work to study the interaction between protein (apoferritin) layers adsorbed on silica surfaces and to analyze the effect of the medium conditions (pH, salt concentration, salt type) on such interactions. It has been observed that the interaction at low salt concentrations is dominated by electrical double layer (at large distances) and steric forces (at short distances), the latter being due to compression of the protein layers. The DLVO theory fits these experimental data quite well. However, a non-DLVO repulsive interaction, prior to contact of the protein layers, is observed at high salt concentration above the isoelectric point of the protein. This behavior could be explained if the presence of hydration forces in the system is assumed. The inclusion of a hydration term in the DLVO theory (extended DLVO theory) gives rise to a better agreement between the theoretical fits and the experimental results. These results seem to suggest that the hydration forces play a very important role in the stability of the proteins in the physiological media.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Valle-Delgado
- Biocolloid and Fluid Physics Group, Department of Applied Physics, Science Faculty, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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27
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28
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Hwang DS, Yoo HJ, Jun JH, Moon WK, Cha HJ. Expression of functional recombinant mussel adhesive protein Mgfp-5 in Escherichia coli. Appl Environ Microbiol 2004; 70:3352-9. [PMID: 15184131 PMCID: PMC427802 DOI: 10.1128/aem.70.6.3352-3359.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mussel adhesive proteins have been suggested as a basis for environmentally friendly adhesives for use in aqueous conditions and in medicine. However, attempts to produce functional and economical recombinant mussel adhesive proteins (mainly foot protein type 1) in several systems have failed. Here, the cDNA coding for Mytilus galloprovincialis foot protein type 5 (Mgfp-5) was isolated for the first time. Using this cDNA, we produced a recombinant Mgfp-5 fused with a hexahistidine affinity ligand, which was expressed in a soluble form in Escherichia coli and was highly purified using affinity chromatography. The adhesive properties of purified recombinant Mgfp-5 were compared with the commercial extracted mussel adhesive Cell-Tak by investigating adhesion force using atomic force microscopy, material surface coating, and quartz crystal microbalance. Even though further macroscale assays are needed, these microscale assays showed that recombinant Mgfp-5 has significant adhesive ability and may be useful as a bioadhesive in medical or underwater environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Soo Hwang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
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29
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Watson GS, Blach JA, Cahill C, Nicolau DV, Pham DK, Wright J, Myhra S. Interactions of poly(amino acids) in aqueous solution with charged model surfaces—analysis by colloidal probe. Biosens Bioelectron 2004; 19:1355-62. [PMID: 15093205 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2003.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Biomolecules in a confined solution environment may be subject to electrostatic forces with a range up to 100 nm, while van der Waals interaction will account for shorter-range forces. The response of two model poly(amino acids)--poly-L-lysine and poly-L-glutamic acid--has been investigated for a silica/Si-oxide surface at pH 6. The model amino acids were adsorbed, or covalently coupled, to colloidal probes consisting of a microsphere attached to a force-sensing lever. The methodology was based on sensing interaction between the probe and a flat surface through carrying out force versus distance analysis with a scanning force microscope. The results were analyzed within the framework of the conventional DLVO theory. The outcomes illustrate both repulsive and attractive long-range interactions that will hinder, or promote, colloidal biospecies in solution entering the region of attractive short-range interactions at the physical interface. Large 'snap-on' distances were observed for some systems and have been ascribed to compression of the 'soft' functionalized layers. Those observations and measurements of adhesion provided insight into conformation of the adsorbed species and strength of attachment. The results have implications for the efficacy of methods and devices that seek to exploit the properties of micro/nano-fluidic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Watson
- School of Science, Griffith University, Nathan, Qld 4111, Australia
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30
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Valle-Delgado JJ, Molina-Bolívar JA, Galisteo-González F, Gálvez-Ruiz MJ, Feiler A, Rutland MW. Interaction Forces between BSA Layers Adsorbed on Silica Surfaces Measured with an Atomic Force Microscope. J Phys Chem B 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0374197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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31
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Pamuła E, De Cupere V, Dufrêne YF, Rouxhet PG. Nanoscale organization of adsorbed collagen: Influence of substrate hydrophobicity and adsorption time. J Colloid Interface Sci 2004; 271:80-91. [PMID: 14757080 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2003.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The adsorption of collagen on polystyrene (PS) and polystyrene oxidized by oxygen plasma discharge (PSox) was studied as a function of time using radiolabeling, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Radiolabeling and XPS indicated that the initial step of adsorption was faster on PS than on PSox. AFM imaging under water revealed very different supramolecular organization of the adsorbed films depending on time and on the nature of the substrate: PS showed patterns of collagen aggregates at all adsorption times (from 1 min to 24 h); PSox was covered with a smooth layer except at long adsorption times (24 h), for which a mesh of collagen structures was observed. After fast drying, the collagen layer remained continuous and showed a morphology which recalled that observed under water. The mechanical stability of the adsorbed films was assessed under water by scraping with the AFM probe at different loading forces: no perturbations were created on PSox; in contrast, the layer adsorbed on PS was sensitive to scraping, the minimum force required to alter the collagen layer morphology increasing with time. These differences in the film properties were correlated with force measurements upon retraction: multiple adhesion forces were observed with collagen adsorbed on PS samples, whereas such an effect was never observed on PSox. The results show that the amount adsorbed and the organization of the adsorbed film respond differently to the adsorption time and that this is influenced by surface hydrophobicity. The quick initial adsorption on PS, compared to PSox, is thought to leave dangling collagen segments that are responsible for the observed morphology, for adhesion forces, and for lower mechanical resistance of the adsorbed layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elzbieta Pamuła
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicz Av. 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
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32
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Ashayer R, Luckham PF, Manimaaran S, Rogueda P. Investigation of the molecular interactions in a pMDI formulation by atomic force microscopy. Eur J Pharm Sci 2004; 21:533-43. [PMID: 14998585 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2003.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2003] [Revised: 11/28/2003] [Accepted: 12/02/2003] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The forces of interaction between inhalable formoterol fumarate dihydrate particles, and the various components of a pressurised Metered Dose Inhaler (pMDI) (e.g. aluminium container, other drug particles and stabilising excipients) were investigated in isolation and combination in the model propellant 2H, 3H perfluoropentane (HPFP). The results obtained offer conclusive proof that the model systems tested have a degree of instability both in the presence and absence of polymer(s). The attractive forces measured following the addition of a mixed homopolymer solution may well be weak enough to be overcome by shaking. The use of homopolymers has inherent difficulties associated with it in the form of bridging interaction. Block or comb copolymers may well be a better option therefore, as they will reduce the possibility of bridging interactions. AFM offers great insight into the behaviour of HFA drug suspensions, and could play a vital role in the future development of suspension formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Ashayer
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemical Technology, Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2BY, UK
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33
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Valle-Delgado JJ, Molina-Bolívar JA, Galisteo-González F, Gálvez-Ruiz MJ, Feiler A, Rutland M. Interactions between bovine serum albumin layers adsorbed on different substrates measured with an atomic force microscope. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2004. [DOI: 10.1039/b314060c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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34
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Dupont-Gillain CC, Fauroux CMJ, Gardner DCJ, Leggett GJ. Use of AFM to probe the adsorption strength and time-dependent changes of albumin on self-assembled monolayers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003; 67:548-58. [PMID: 14566797 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.10092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The adsorption kinetics of human serum albumin (HSA) on CH3- and COOH-terminated self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) has been investigated using radioassays and atomic force microscopy (AFM). On both surfaces, the amount of HSA adsorbed reached a plateau after 30 min. The plateau level was higher on the CH3 compared to the COOH surface. The adhesion force (Fadh), measured using Si3N4 AFM tips in water, decreased with time of contact with the HSA solution on the CH3 surface. This time-dependent change in the adhesiveness of the adsorbed protein is best explained by a change in the conformation or orientation. In contrast, Fadh was independent of the time of contact with the HSA solution on the COOH surface, indicating that once adsorbed, the HSA molecules do not undergo further conformation or orientation changes. The perturbation induced by scanning with the AFM in water on the adsorbed HSA layers was greater on CH3 surfaces than on COOH surfaces, suggesting a weaker protein-substratum interaction on the CH3-terminated SAMs. This was further confirmed by a stronger desorption of HSA following sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) treatment on the CH3 surface compared to the COOH surface. Taken together, these data suggest that for COOH SAMs, (1) there is a strong interaction between HSA and the substratum; (2) there is an absence of reorientation with time; and (3) there is a smaller amount of adsorbed protein at 24 h, possibly due to increased but rapid spreading/denaturation of the protein. On the CH3 surface, less deformation of HSA occurs and the molecules maintain a higher mobility at short adsorption times. AFM measurements performed after aging of an adsorbed HSA layer in buffer suggests the role played by HSA in solution in determining the time-dependent conformation and/or orientation changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ch C Dupont-Gillain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, PO Box 88, Manchester M60 1QD, United Kingdom
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35
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Bowen W, Doneva TA, Stoton JG. Protein deposition during cross-flow membrane filtration: AFM studies and flux loss. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0927-7765(02)00045-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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36
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Gergely C, Hemmerlé J, Schaaf P, Hörber JKH, Voegel JC, Senger B. Multi-bead-and-spring model to interpret protein detachment studied by AFM force spectroscopy. Biophys J 2002; 83:706-22. [PMID: 12124258 PMCID: PMC1302180 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(02)75202-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This article deals with the detachment of molecules (fibrinogen) from a surface studied experimentally with an atomic force microscope. The detachment (or rupture) forces are measured as a function of the retraction velocity and exhibit a clear dependence on this parameter, even though the interaction between the molecules and the surface are nonspecific. To interpret these data, a mechanical multi-bead-and-spring model is developed. It consists of one to several parallel, "molecular" springs connected to an extra spring representing the cantilever that is moved at constant velocity. The free end of each molecular spring terminates with a particle that interacts with the surface through a Lennard-Jones potential. This Brownian dynamics model is used to analyze the experimental findings. In the framework of this model, it appears that the fibrinogen molecule must be ascribed a stiffness much smaller than that of the cantilever. In addition, several bonds between the molecule and the surface must be taken into account for the range of the molecule-surface interaction not to be unrealistically small. In future work, this model will be extended to more complex mechanisms such as the detachment of cells from a surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csilla Gergely
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 424, UFR d'Odontologie, Université Louis Pasteur, 67085 Strasbourg Cedex, France
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37
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Bowen WR, Fenton AS, Lovitt RW, Wright CJ. The measurement of Bacillus mycoides spore adhesion using atomic force microscopy, simple counting methods, and a spinning disk technique. Biotechnol Bioeng 2002; 79:170-9. [PMID: 12115433 DOI: 10.1002/bit.10321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
An atomic force microscope has been used to study the adhesion of Bacillus mycoides spores to a hydrophilic glass surface and a hydrophobic-coated glass surface. AFM images of spores attached to the hydrophobic-coated mica surface allowed the measurement of spore dimensions in an aqueous environment without desiccation. The spore exosporium was observed to be flexible and to promote the adhesion of the spore by increasing the area of spore contact with the surface. Results from counting procedures using light microscopy matched the density of spores observed on the hydrophobic-coated glass surface with AFM. However, no spores were observed on the hydrophilic glass surface with AFM, a consequence of the weaker adhesion of the spores at this surface. AFM was also used to quantify directly the interactions of B. mycoides spores at the two surfaces in an aqueous environment. The measurements used "spore probes" constructed by immobilizing a single spore at the apex of a tipless AFM cantilever. The data showed that stretching and sequential bond breaking occurred as the spores were retracted from the hydrophilic glass surface. The greatest spore adhesion was measured at the hydrophobic-coated glass surface. An attractive force on the spores was measured as the spores approached the hydrophobic-coated surface. At the hydrophilic glass surface, only repulsive forces were measured during the approach of the spores. The AFM force measurements were in qualitative agreement with the results of a hydrodynamic shear adhesion assay that used a spinning disk technique. Quantitatively, AFM measurements of adhesive force were up to 4 x 10(3) times larger than the estimates made using the spinning disk data. This is a consequence of the different types of forces applied to the spore in the different adhesion assays. AFM has provided some unique insights into the interactions of spores with surfaces. No other instrument can make such direct measurements for single microbiological cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Richard Bowen
- Centre for Complex Fluids Processing, Department of Chemical and Biological Process Engineering, University of Wales Swansea, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK.
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38
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Kidoaki S, Matsuda T. Mechanistic aspects of protein/material interactions probed by atomic force microscopy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0927-7765(01)00232-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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39
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Meagher L, Griesser HJ. Interactions between adsorbed lactoferrin layers measured directly with the atomic force microscope. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0927-7765(01)00234-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Bowen WR, Lovitt RW, Wright CJ. Atomic Force Microscopy Study of the Adhesion of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Colloid Interface Sci 2001; 237:54-61. [PMID: 11334514 DOI: 10.1006/jcis.2001.7437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
An atomic force microscope (AFM) has been used to quantify directly the adhesion of metabolically active Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells at a hydrophilic mica surface, a mica surface with a hydrophobic coating, and a protein-coated mica surface in an aqueous environment. The measurements used "cell probes" constructed by immobilizing a single cell at the apex of a tipless AFM cantilever. Adhesion was quantified from force-distance data for the retraction of the cell from the surface. The data indicated stretching and sequential bond-breaking as the cell probe was retracted from all of the surfaces. Detailed studies were made for physiologically active cells, which were shown to have different adhesion properties to glutaraldehyde-treated cells. Greatest cell adhesion was measured at the hydrophobic surface. Prior adsorption of a bovine serum albumin protein layer at the hydrophilic surface did not significantly affect cell adhesion. Changes in yeast surface hydrophobicity and zeta-potential with yeast cell age were correlated with differences in adhesion. Cells from the stationary phase adhered most strongly to a mica surface. Time of surface contact was demonstrated to be important. Both the force needed to detach a cell from a hydrophilic mica surface and the length of the adhesive interaction increased after 5 min contact. The AFM cell probe technique gives unique insights into primary colonization events in biofilm formation. It will continue to aid both fundamental studies and the assessment of new procedures that are designed to lower cell adhesion at surfaces relevant to biotechnology, medicine, and dentistry Copyright 2001 Academic Press.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Richard Bowen
- Centre for Complex Fluids Processing, Department of Chemical and Biological Process Engineering, University of Wales Swansea, Swansea, SA2 8PP, United Kingdom
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Gergely C, Senger B, Voegel JC, Hörber JK, Schaaf P, Hemmerlé J. Semi-automatized processing of AFM force-spectroscopy data. Ultramicroscopy 2001; 87:67-78. [PMID: 11310543 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3991(00)00063-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Atomic force microscopy operated in the force-spectroscopy mode is now a widespread technique, often used to investigate ligand-receptor interactions with the goal of measuring forces at the individual molecule level. However, in an experiment, the simultaneous interaction of several ligand/receptor pairs cannot be excluded. This may produce complicated force curves, although unambiguous ruptures are sometimes observed. In the case of the non-specific adhesion of molecules, such as fibrinogen, to a surface, it is usually difficult to identify the real events on the force curves. This can render the application of fixed rules uneasy and in addition can introduce some degree of arbitrariness if the analysis has to be performed by hand. In the present paper a computer algorithm, aimed at speeding up the processing, and at applying selection rules in a reproducible manner, is proposed. It is applied to force recordings performed at various retraction velocities, thus various loading rates. The influence on the evaluation of the rupture forces of the different parameters that can be set by the operator is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Gergely
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 424, Fédération de Recherches Odontoloqie, Université Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, France
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Gergely C, Voegel J, Schaaf P, Senger B, Maaloum M, Hörber JK, Hemmerlé J. Unbinding process of adsorbed proteins under external stress studied by atomic force microscopy spectroscopy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2000; 97:10802-7. [PMID: 10984503 PMCID: PMC27104 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.180293097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the study of the dynamics of the unbinding process under a force load f of adsorbed proteins (fibrinogen) on a solid surface (hydrophilic silica) by means of atomic force microscopy spectroscopy. By varying the loading rate r(f), defined by f = r(f) t, t being the time, we find that, as for specific interactions, the mean rupture force increases with r(f). This unbinding process is analyzed in the framework of the widely used Bell model. The typical dissociation rate at zero force entering in the model lies between 0. 02 and 0.6 s(-1). Each measured rupture is characterized by a force f(0), which appears to be quantized in integer multiples of 180-200 pN.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Gergely
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 424, Fédération de Recherche "Odontologie," Université Louis Pasteur, 11 rue Humann, 67085 Strasbourg Cedex, France
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Bowen WR, Lovitt RW, Wright CJ. Direct Quantification of Aspergillus niger Spore Adhesion in Liquid Using an Atomic Force Microscope. J Colloid Interface Sci 2000; 228:428-433. [PMID: 10926484 DOI: 10.1006/jcis.2000.6969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
An atomic force microscope has been used to quantify directly the adhesion between single Aspergillus niger spores and freshly cleaved mica surfaces. The measurements used "spore probes" constructed by immobilizing a single spore at the apex of a tipless AFM cantilever. Adhesion was quantified from force-distance data for the retraction of the spore from the surface. Studies in NaCl solutions over a range of pH and electrolyte concentration showed that the decrease of long-range electrostatic repulsion with decreasing pH provided a contribution in increasing the overall adhesion, but the variation of such repulsion with ionic strength did not correlate with changes in the magnitude of adhesion. Specific interactions between appendages and protusions on the spore surface must play an important role in adhesion. The AFM spore probe technique provides a useful new method for evaluating the interactions of spores and surfaces. It has the potential to become a powerful asset for both fundamental studies and the assessment of new materials with low adhesion properties. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.
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Affiliation(s)
- WR Bowen
- Centre for Complex Fluids Processing, Department of Chemical and Biological Process Engineering, University of Wales Swansea, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, United Kingdom
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Feldman K, Hähner G, Spencer ND, Harder P, Grunze M. Probing Resistance to Protein Adsorption of Oligo(ethylene glycol)-Terminated Self-Assembled Monolayers by Scanning Force Microscopy. J Am Chem Soc 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ja991049b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Feldman
- Contribution from the Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Sonneggstrasse 5, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland, and Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, INF 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - G. Hähner
- Contribution from the Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Sonneggstrasse 5, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland, and Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, INF 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - N. D. Spencer
- Contribution from the Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Sonneggstrasse 5, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland, and Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, INF 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - P. Harder
- Contribution from the Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Sonneggstrasse 5, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland, and Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, INF 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M. Grunze
- Contribution from the Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Sonneggstrasse 5, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland, and Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, INF 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Bowen WR, Cao X, Williams PM. Use and elucidation of biochemical data in the prediction of the membrane separation of biocolloids. Proc Math Phys Eng Sci 1999. [DOI: 10.1098/rspa.1999.0433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- W. Richard Bowen
- Centre for Complex Fluids Processing, Department of Chemical and Biological Process Engineering, University of Wales Swansea, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 PP, UK
| | - Xiaowei Cao
- Centre for Complex Fluids Processing, Department of Chemical and Biological Process Engineering, University of Wales Swansea, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 PP, UK
| | - Paul M. Williams
- Centre for Complex Fluids Processing, Department of Chemical and Biological Process Engineering, University of Wales Swansea, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 PP, UK
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Richard Bowen W, Hilal N, Lovitt RW, Wright C. Characterisation of membrane surfaces: direct measurement of biological adhesion using an atomic force microscope. J Memb Sci 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0376-7388(98)00287-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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