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Hagan IM, Grallert A, Simanis V. Analysis of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe Cell Cycle. Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2016; 2016:2016/9/pdb.top082800. [PMID: 27587785 DOI: 10.1101/pdb.top082800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Schizosaccharomyces pombe cells are rod shaped, and they grow by tip elongation. Growth ceases during mitosis and cell division; therefore, the length of a septated cell is a direct measure of the timing of mitotic commitment, and the length of a wild-type cell is an indicator of its position in the cell cycle. A large number of documented stage-specific changes can be used as landmarks to characterize cell cycle progression under specific experimental conditions. Conditional mutations can permanently or transiently block the cell cycle at almost any stage. Large, synchronously dividing cell populations, essential for the biochemical analysis of cell cycle events, can be generated by induction synchrony (arrest-release of a cell cycle mutant) or selection synchrony (centrifugal elutriation or lactose-gradient centrifugation). Schizosaccharomyces pombe cell cycle studies routinely combine particular markers, mutants, and synchronization procedures to manipulate the cycle. We describe these techniques and list key landmarks in the fission yeast mitotic cell division cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iain M Hagan
- CRUK Cell Division Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M20 4BX, United Kingdom
| | - Agnes Grallert
- CRUK Cell Division Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M20 4BX, United Kingdom
| | - Viesturs Simanis
- EPFL SV ISREC UPSIM, SV2.1830, Station 19, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Blondel M, Bach S, Bamps S, Dobbelaere J, Wiget P, Longaretti C, Barral Y, Meijer L, Peter M. Degradation of Hof1 by SCF(Grr1) is important for actomyosin contraction during cytokinesis in yeast. EMBO J 2005; 24:1440-52. [PMID: 15775961 PMCID: PMC1142548 DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2004] [Accepted: 02/23/2005] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
SCF-type (SCF: Skp1-Cullin-F-box protein complex) E3 ligases regulate ubiquitin-dependent degradation of many cell cycle regulators, mainly at the G1/S transition. Here, we show that SCF(Grr1) functions during cytokinesis by degrading the PCH protein Hof1. While Hof1 is required early in mitosis to assemble a functional actomyosin ring, it is specifically degraded late in mitosis and remains unstable during the entire G1 phase of the cell cycle. Degradation of Hof1 depends on its PEST motif and a functional 26S proteasome. Interestingly, degradation of Hof1 is independent of APC(Cdh1), but instead requires the SCF(Grr1) E3 ligase. Grr1 is recruited to the mother-bud neck region after activation of the mitotic-exit network, and interacts with Hof1 in a PEST motif-dependent manner. Our results also show that downregulation of Hof1 at the end of mitosis is necessary to allow efficient contraction of the actomyosin ring and cell separation during cytokinesis. SCF(Grr1)-mediated degradation of Hof1 may thus represent a novel mechanism to couple exit from mitosis with initiation of cytokinesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Blondel
- CNRS, Station Biologique, UMR7150, Amyloids and Cell Division Cycle Laboratory, Place G Teissier, Roscoff, Bretagne, France.
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Anderson M, Ng SS, Marchesi V, MacIver FH, Stevens FE, Riddell T, Glover DM, Hagan IM, McInerny CJ. Plo1(+) regulates gene transcription at the M-G(1) interval during the fission yeast mitotic cell cycle. EMBO J 2002; 21:5745-55. [PMID: 12411492 PMCID: PMC131061 DOI: 10.1093/emboj/cdf564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of gene expression plays an important part in cell cycle controls. We describe the molecular machinery that co-ordinates gene transcription at the M-G(1) interval during the fission yeast mitotic cell cycle. A sequence is identified in the cdc15(+) promoter that we call a PCB (pombe cell cycle box), which confers M-G(1)-specific transcription. Sequences similar to the PCB are present in the promoters of seven other genes, spo12(+), cdc19(+), fin1(+), sid2(+), ppb1(+), mid1(+)/dmf1(+) and plo1(+), which we find to be transcribed at M-G(1). A transcription factor complex is identified that binds to the PCB sequence, which we name PBF, for PCB-binding factor. Finally, we show that PBF binding activity and consequent gene transcription are regulated by the Plo1p protein kinase, thus invoking a potential auto-feedback loop mechanism that regulates mitotic gene transcription and passage through septation and cytokinesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Fiona H. MacIver
- Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ,
Paterson Institute for Cancer Research, Christie Hospital, Wilmslow Road, Withington, Manchester M20 4BX and Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK Corresponding author e-mail:
| | - Frances E. Stevens
- Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ,
Paterson Institute for Cancer Research, Christie Hospital, Wilmslow Road, Withington, Manchester M20 4BX and Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK Corresponding author e-mail:
| | | | - David M. Glover
- Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ,
Paterson Institute for Cancer Research, Christie Hospital, Wilmslow Road, Withington, Manchester M20 4BX and Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK Corresponding author e-mail:
| | - Iain M. Hagan
- Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ,
Paterson Institute for Cancer Research, Christie Hospital, Wilmslow Road, Withington, Manchester M20 4BX and Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK Corresponding author e-mail:
| | - Christopher J. McInerny
- Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ,
Paterson Institute for Cancer Research, Christie Hospital, Wilmslow Road, Withington, Manchester M20 4BX and Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK Corresponding author e-mail:
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Metzler DE, Metzler CM, Sauke DJ. Growth and Development. Biochemistry 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-012492543-4/50035-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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