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Yang J, Guan Y, Zhao W, Zhou Z, Han X, Ma J, Sovkov VB, Ivanov VS, Ahmed EH, Lyyra AM, Dai X. Observations and analysis with the spline-based Rydberg-Klein-Rees approach for the 3(1)Σg(+) state of Rb2. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:024308. [PMID: 26772572 DOI: 10.1063/1.4939524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ro-vibrational term values of the 3(1)Σg (+) state of (85,85)Rb2 and (85,87)Rb2 and resolved fluorescence spectra to the A(1)Σu (+) state are recorded following optical-optical double resonance excitation. The experimental data are heavily perturbed, and as a result, the standard analysis based on Dunham series representation of the energy levels fails. The analysis is done via modeling the adiabatic potential function with the Rydberg-Klein-Rees potential constructed from the generalized smoothing spline interpolation of the vibrational energies Gv and rotational constants Bv.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yafei Guan
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhaoyu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaomin Han
- State Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Vladimir B Sovkov
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Valery S Ivanov
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Ergin H Ahmed
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - A Marjatta Lyyra
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Xingcan Dai
- State Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Miles RD, Morgus L, Kashinski DO, Huennekens J, Hickman AP. Nonadiabatic coupling in the 3 3Pi and 4 3Pi states of NaK. J Chem Phys 2006; 125:154304. [PMID: 17059252 DOI: 10.1063/1.2348635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The excited 3 (3)Pi and 4 (3)Pi electronic states of the NaK molecule exhibit an avoided crossing, leading to the anomalous behavior of many features of the rovibrational energy levels belonging to each state. A joint experimental and theoretical investigation of these states has been carried out. Experimental measurements of the vibrational, rotational, and hyperfine structure of numerous levels of the 3 (3)Pi state were recently obtained using the Doppler-free, perturbation-facilitated optical-optical double resonance technique. Additional measurements for the 4 (3)Pi state as well as bound-free emission spectra from selected 3 (3)Pi, 4 (3)Pi, and mixed 3 (3)Pi to approximately 4 (3)Pi rovibrational levels are reported here. A model is also presented for calculating the mixed rovibrational level energies of the coupled 3 (3)Pi-4 (3)Pi system, starting from a 2x2 diabatic electronic Hamiltonian. The 3 (3)Pi and 4 (3)Pi potential curves and the coupling between them are simultaneously adjusted to fit the observed rovibrational levels of both states. The energy levels of the potential curves determined by the fit are in excellent agreement with experiment. The nonadiabatic coupling is sufficiently strong to cause an overall shift of 2-3 cm(-1) for many rovibrational levels as well as somewhat larger shifts for certain pairs of 3 (3)Pi to approximately 4 (3)Pi levels that would otherwise be very close together.
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Affiliation(s)
- R D Miles
- Department of Physics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
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Wilkins AD, Morgus L, Hernandez-Guzman J, Huennekens J, Hickman AP. The NaK 1 1,3delta states: theoretical and experimental studies of fine and hyperfine structure of rovibrational levels near the dissociation limit. J Chem Phys 2005; 123:124306. [PMID: 16392481 DOI: 10.1063/1.2010471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Earlier high-resolution spectroscopic studies of the fine and hyperfine structure of rovibrational levels of the 1 3delta state of NaK have been extended to include high lying rovibrational levels with v < or = 59, of which the highest levels lie within approximately 4 cm(-1) of the dissociation limit. A potential curve is determined using the inverted perturbation approximation method that reproduces these levels to an accuracy of approximately 0.026 cm(-1). For the largest values of v, the outer turning points occur near R approximately 12.7 angstroms, which is sufficiently large to permit the estimation of the C6 coefficient for this state. The fine and hyperfine structure of the 1 3delta rovibrational levels has been fit using the matrix diagonalization method that has been applied to other states of NaK, leading to values of the spin-orbit coupling constant A(v) and the Fermi contact constant b(F). New values determined for v < or = 33 are consistent with values determined by a simpler method and reported earlier. The measured fine and hyperfine structure for v in the range 44 < or = v < or = 49 exhibits anomalous behavior whose origin is believed to be the mixing between the 1 3delta and 1 1delta states. The matrix diagonalization method has been extended to treat this interaction, and the results provide an accurate representation of the complicated patterns that arise. The analysis leads to accurate values for A(v) and b(F) for all values of v < or = 49. For higher v (50 < or = v < or = 59), several rovibrational levels have been assigned, but the pattern of fine and hyperfine structure is difficult to interpret. Some of the observed features may arise from effects not included in the current model.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Wilkins
- Department of Physics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
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Burns P, Sibbach-Morgus L, Wilkins AD, Halpern F, Clarke L, Miles RD, Li L, Hickman AP, Huennekens J. The 4 3Σ+ state of NaK: Potential energy curve and hyperfine structure. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1590638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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