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Lee CJ, Lee SH, Kang BS, Park MK, Yang HW, Woo SY, Park SW, Kim DY, Jeong HH, Yang WI, Kho AR, Choi BY, Song HK, Choi HC, Kim YJ, Suh SW. Effects of L-Type Voltage-Gated Calcium Channel (LTCC) Inhibition on Hippocampal Neuronal Death after Pilocarpine-Induced Seizure. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:389. [PMID: 38671837 PMCID: PMC11047745 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy, marked by abnormal and excessive brain neuronal activity, is linked to the activation of L-type voltage-gated calcium channels (LTCCs) in neuronal membranes. LTCCs facilitate the entry of calcium (Ca2+) and other metal ions, such as zinc (Zn2+) and magnesium (Mg2+), into the cytosol. This Ca2+ influx at the presynaptic terminal triggers the release of Zn2+ and glutamate to the postsynaptic terminal. Zn2+ is then transported to the postsynaptic neuron via LTCCs. The resulting Zn2+ accumulation in neurons significantly increases the expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase subunits, contributing to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and neuronal death. Amlodipine (AML), typically used for hypertension and coronary artery disease, works by inhibiting LTCCs. We explored whether AML could mitigate Zn2+ translocation and accumulation in neurons, potentially offering protection against seizure-induced hippocampal neuronal death. We tested this by establishing a rat epilepsy model with pilocarpine and administering AML (10 mg/kg, orally, daily for 7 days) post-epilepsy onset. We assessed cognitive function through behavioral tests and conducted histological analyses for Zn2+ accumulation, oxidative stress, and neuronal death. Our findings show that AML's LTCC inhibition decreased excessive Zn2+ accumulation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and hippocampal neuronal death following seizures. These results suggest amlodipine's potential as a therapeutic agent in seizure management and mitigating seizures' detrimental effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Jun Lee
- Department of Physiology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (C.-J.L.); (S.-H.L.); (B.-S.K.); (M.-K.P.); (H.-W.Y.); (S.-Y.W.); (S.-W.P.); (D.-Y.K.); (H.-H.J.); (W.-I.Y.)
| | - Song-Hee Lee
- Department of Physiology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (C.-J.L.); (S.-H.L.); (B.-S.K.); (M.-K.P.); (H.-W.Y.); (S.-Y.W.); (S.-W.P.); (D.-Y.K.); (H.-H.J.); (W.-I.Y.)
| | - Beom-Seok Kang
- Department of Physiology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (C.-J.L.); (S.-H.L.); (B.-S.K.); (M.-K.P.); (H.-W.Y.); (S.-Y.W.); (S.-W.P.); (D.-Y.K.); (H.-H.J.); (W.-I.Y.)
| | - Min-Kyu Park
- Department of Physiology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (C.-J.L.); (S.-H.L.); (B.-S.K.); (M.-K.P.); (H.-W.Y.); (S.-Y.W.); (S.-W.P.); (D.-Y.K.); (H.-H.J.); (W.-I.Y.)
| | - Hyun-Wook Yang
- Department of Physiology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (C.-J.L.); (S.-H.L.); (B.-S.K.); (M.-K.P.); (H.-W.Y.); (S.-Y.W.); (S.-W.P.); (D.-Y.K.); (H.-H.J.); (W.-I.Y.)
| | - Seo-Young Woo
- Department of Physiology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (C.-J.L.); (S.-H.L.); (B.-S.K.); (M.-K.P.); (H.-W.Y.); (S.-Y.W.); (S.-W.P.); (D.-Y.K.); (H.-H.J.); (W.-I.Y.)
| | - Se-Wan Park
- Department of Physiology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (C.-J.L.); (S.-H.L.); (B.-S.K.); (M.-K.P.); (H.-W.Y.); (S.-Y.W.); (S.-W.P.); (D.-Y.K.); (H.-H.J.); (W.-I.Y.)
| | - Dong-Yeon Kim
- Department of Physiology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (C.-J.L.); (S.-H.L.); (B.-S.K.); (M.-K.P.); (H.-W.Y.); (S.-Y.W.); (S.-W.P.); (D.-Y.K.); (H.-H.J.); (W.-I.Y.)
| | - Hyun-Ho Jeong
- Department of Physiology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (C.-J.L.); (S.-H.L.); (B.-S.K.); (M.-K.P.); (H.-W.Y.); (S.-Y.W.); (S.-W.P.); (D.-Y.K.); (H.-H.J.); (W.-I.Y.)
| | - Won-Il Yang
- Department of Physiology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (C.-J.L.); (S.-H.L.); (B.-S.K.); (M.-K.P.); (H.-W.Y.); (S.-Y.W.); (S.-W.P.); (D.-Y.K.); (H.-H.J.); (W.-I.Y.)
- Department of Physical Education, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea;
| | - A-Ra Kho
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA;
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Bo-Young Choi
- Department of Physical Education, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hong-Ki Song
- Department of Neurology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul 05355, Republic of Korea; (H.-K.S.); (Y.-J.K.)
- Hallym Institute of Epilepsy Research, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hui-Chul Choi
- Hallym Institute of Epilepsy Research, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon 24253, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeo-Jin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul 05355, Republic of Korea; (H.-K.S.); (Y.-J.K.)
| | - Sang-Won Suh
- Department of Physiology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (C.-J.L.); (S.-H.L.); (B.-S.K.); (M.-K.P.); (H.-W.Y.); (S.-Y.W.); (S.-W.P.); (D.-Y.K.); (H.-H.J.); (W.-I.Y.)
- Hallym Institute of Epilepsy Research, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea;
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Luszczki JJ, Trojnar MK, Trojnar MP, Kimber-Trojnar Z, Szostakiewicz B, Zadrozniak A, Borowicz KK, Czuczwar SJ. Effects of amlodipine, diltiazem, and verapamil on the anticonvulsant action of topiramate against maximal electroshock-induced seizures in micePresented in part at the 11th Congress of the European Federation of Neurological Societies, Brussels, Belgium, 25–28 August 2007. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2008; 86:113-21. [DOI: 10.1139/y08-007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
To assess the effect of 3 calcium channel antagonists (amlodipine, diltiazem, and verapamil) on the anticonvulsant action of topiramate (a new generation antiepileptic drug) in the mouse maximal electroshock seizure (MES) model. Amlodipine (20 mg/kg) significantly enhanced the anticonvulsant activity of topiramate in the MES test in mice, reducing its ED50 value from 54.83 to 33.10 mg/kg (p < 0.05). Similarly, diltiazem (5 and 10 mg/kg) markedly potentiated the antiseizure action of topiramate against MES, lowering its ED50 value from 54.83 to 32.48 mg/kg (p < 0.05) and 28.68 mg/kg (p < 0.01), respectively. In contrast, lower doses of amlodipine (5 and 10 mg/kg) and diltiazem (2.5 mg/kg) and all doses of verapamil (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) had no significant impact on the antiseizure action of topiramate. Pharmacokinetic verification of the interaction of topiramate with amlodipine and diltiazem revealed that neither amlodipine nor diltiazem affected total brain topiramate concentration in experimental animals, and thus, the observed interactions were concluded to be pharmacodynamic in nature. The favorable combinations of topiramate with amlodipine or diltiazem deserve more attention from a clinical viewpoint because the enhanced antiseizure action of topiramate was not associated with any pharmacokinetic changes in total brain topiramate concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarogniew J. Luszczki
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, PL 20-090 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Physiopathology, Institute of Agricultural Medicine, Jaczewskiego 2, PL 20-950 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, PL 20-090 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 16, PL 20-081 Lublin, Poland
| | - Michal K. Trojnar
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, PL 20-090 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Physiopathology, Institute of Agricultural Medicine, Jaczewskiego 2, PL 20-950 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, PL 20-090 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 16, PL 20-081 Lublin, Poland
| | - Marcin P. Trojnar
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, PL 20-090 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Physiopathology, Institute of Agricultural Medicine, Jaczewskiego 2, PL 20-950 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, PL 20-090 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 16, PL 20-081 Lublin, Poland
| | - Zaneta Kimber-Trojnar
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, PL 20-090 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Physiopathology, Institute of Agricultural Medicine, Jaczewskiego 2, PL 20-950 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, PL 20-090 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 16, PL 20-081 Lublin, Poland
| | - Beata Szostakiewicz
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, PL 20-090 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Physiopathology, Institute of Agricultural Medicine, Jaczewskiego 2, PL 20-950 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, PL 20-090 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 16, PL 20-081 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Zadrozniak
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, PL 20-090 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Physiopathology, Institute of Agricultural Medicine, Jaczewskiego 2, PL 20-950 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, PL 20-090 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 16, PL 20-081 Lublin, Poland
| | - Kinga K. Borowicz
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, PL 20-090 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Physiopathology, Institute of Agricultural Medicine, Jaczewskiego 2, PL 20-950 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, PL 20-090 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 16, PL 20-081 Lublin, Poland
| | - Stanislaw J. Czuczwar
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, PL 20-090 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Physiopathology, Institute of Agricultural Medicine, Jaczewskiego 2, PL 20-950 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, PL 20-090 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 16, PL 20-081 Lublin, Poland
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Borowicz KK, Kleinrok Z, Czuczwar SJ. Niguldipine impairs the protective activity of carbamazepine and phenobarbital in amygdala-kindled seizures in rats. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2002; 12:225-33. [PMID: 12007674 DOI: 10.1016/s0924-977x(02)00027-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
There is evidence that some calcium (Ca(2+)) channel inhibitors enhance the protective activity of antiepileptic drugs. Since clinical trials have not provided consistent data on this issue, the objective of this study was to evaluate the interaction of a dihydropyridine, niguldipine, with conventional antiepileptics in amygdala-kindled rats. Niguldipine (at 7.5 but not at 5 mg/kg) displayed a significant anticonvulsant effect, as regards seizure and afterdischarge durations in amygdala-kindled convulsions in rats, a model of complex partial seizures. No protective effect was observed when niguldipine (5 mg/kg) was combined with antiepileptics at subeffective doses, i.e. valproate (75 mg/kg), diphenylhydantoin (40 mg/kg), or clonazepam (0.003 mg/kg). Unexpectedly, the combined treatment of niguldipine (5 mg/kg) with carbamazepine (20 mg/kg) or phenobarbital (20 mg/kg) resulted in a proconvulsive action. BAY k-8644 (an L-type Ca(2+) channel activator) did not modify the protective activity of niguldipine (7.5 mg/kg) or the opposite action of this dihydropyridine (5 mg/kg) in combinations with carbamazepine or phenobarbital. A pharmacokinetic interaction is not probable since niguldipine did not affect the free plasma levels of the antiepileptics. These data indicate that the opposite actions of niguldipine alone or combined with carbamazepine (or phenobarbital) were not associated with Ca(2+) channel blockade. The present results may argue against the use of niguldipine as an adjuvant antiepileptic or for cardiovascular reasons in patients with complex partial seizures.
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MESH Headings
- 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester/administration & dosage
- 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester/pharmacology
- Amygdala/drug effects
- Amygdala/physiology
- Animals
- Anticonvulsants/antagonists & inhibitors
- Anticonvulsants/blood
- Anticonvulsants/pharmacology
- Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use
- Calcium Channel Agonists/administration & dosage
- Calcium Channel Agonists/pharmacology
- Calcium Channel Blockers/pharmacology
- Carbamazepine/antagonists & inhibitors
- Carbamazepine/blood
- Carbamazepine/pharmacology
- Carbamazepine/therapeutic use
- Dihydropyridines/pharmacology
- Drug Combinations
- Injections, Intraperitoneal
- Kindling, Neurologic/drug effects
- Kindling, Neurologic/physiology
- Male
- Phenobarbital/antagonists & inhibitors
- Phenobarbital/blood
- Phenobarbital/pharmacology
- Phenobarbital/therapeutic use
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Seizures/drug therapy
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga K Borowicz
- Department of Pathophysiology, Lublin Medical University, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
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