Chemotherapy in Patients with Organ Dysfunction

Laboratory monitoring in oncology

Objectives. To educate pharmacists about the application of laboratory values in oncology.

Methods. Research on drugs used in cancer therapy was conducted using multiple sources, including primary, secondary and tertiary references. Online searches were conducted on Medline (1966-2004), EMBASE (1996-2004) and Ovid databases, using a drug's generic name and key words, such as ‘adverse effects’, ‘hematotoxicity’, ‘renal toxicity’, ‘hepatotoxicity’, ‘cardiotoxicity’, ‘organ dysfunction’, and terms describing chemotherapy-related toxicity, such as ‘tumour lysis syndrome’.

Results. Laboratory monitoring in oncology was separated into the hematologic, hepatic, renal, cardiovascular and pulmonary systems. Laboratory tests applicable to each system are discussed. In addition, tests pertaining to specific drugs used in cancer therapy are explained. This information was compiled into a comprehensive continuing pharmacy education module.

Conclusion. Laboratory monitoring assists the pharmacist in the monitoring of chemotherapy. A general understanding of common tests used in cancer therapy and knowledge specific to drugs used can help the pharmacist tailor drug therapy monitoring.