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Abstract
AbstractThe order Onygenales is classified in the class Eurotiomycetes of the subphylum Pezizomycotina. Families in this order have classically been isolated from soil and dung, and two lineages contain causative agents of superficial, cutaneous and systemic infections in mammals. The ecology and habitat choices of the species are driven mainly by the keratin and cellulose degradation abilities. The present study aimed to investigate whether the ecological trends of the members of Onygenales can be interpreted in an evolutionary sense, linking phylogenetic parameters with habitat preferences, to achieve polyphasic definitions of the main taxonomic groups. Evolutionary processes were estimated by multiple gene genealogies and divergence time analysis. Previously described families, namely, Arthrodermataceae, Ajellomycetaceae, Ascosphaeraceae, Eremascaceae, Gymnoascaceae, Onygenaceae and Spiromastigoidaceae, were accepted in Onygenales, and two new families, Malbrancheaceae and Neogymnomycetaceae, were introduced. A number of species could not be assigned to any of the defined families. Our study provides a revised overview of the main lines of taxonomy of Onygenales, supported by multilocus analyses of ITS, LSU, TUB, TEF1, TEF3, RPB1, RPB2, and ribosomal protein 60S L10 (L1) (RP60S) sequences, combined with available data on ecology, physiology, morphology, and genomics.
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Oses-Pedraza R, Torres-Díaz C, Lavín P, Retamales-Molina P, Atala C, Gallardo-Cerda J, Acuña-Rodríguez IS, Molina-Montenegro MA. Root endophytic Penicillium promotes growth of Antarctic vascular plants by enhancing nitrogen mineralization. Extremophiles 2020; 24:721-732. [PMID: 32699913 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-020-01189-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Fungal endophyte associations have been suggested as a possible strategy of Antarctic vascular plants for surviving the extreme environmental conditions of Antarctica. However, the mechanisms by which this occurs are still poorly understood. The role of root fungal endophytes in nitrogen mineralization and nutrient uptake, as well as their impact on the performance of Antarctic plants, were studied. We tested root endophytes, isolated from Colobanthus quitensis and Deschampsia antarctica, for lignocellulolytic enzyme production, nitrogen mineralization, and growth enhancement of their host plants. Penicillium chrysogenum and Penicillium brevicompactum were identified using a molecular approach as the main root endophytes inhabiting C. quitensis and D. antarctica, respectively. Both root endophytes were characterized as psychrophilic fungi displaying amylase, esterase, protease, cellulase, hemicellulase, phosphatase and urease enzymatic activities, mainly at 4 °C. Moreover, the rates and percentages of nitrogen mineralization, as well as the final total biomass, were significantly higher in symbiotic C. quitensis and D. antarctica individuals. Our findings suggest that root endophytes exert a pivotal ecological role based not only to breakdown different nutrient sources but also on accelerating nitrogen mineralization, improving nutrient acquisition, and therefore promoting plant growth in Antarctic terrestrial ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rómulo Oses-Pedraza
- Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado (VRIP), Centro Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Sustentable de Atacama (CRIDESAT), Universidad de Atacama (UDA), Avenida Copayapu N° 485, Copiapó, Chile. .,Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo N°1281, Coquimbo, Chile.
| | - Cristian Torres-Díaz
- Laboratorio de Genómica y Biodiversidad (LGB), Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillan, Chile
| | - Paris Lavín
- Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Recursos Biológicos, Departamento de Biotecnología; Laboratorio de Complejidad Microbiana y Ecología Funcional, Instituto Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Patricio Retamales-Molina
- Laboratorio de Bacteriología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Diego Portales (UDP), República # 239, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristian Atala
- Laboratorio de Anatomía y Ecología Funcional de Plantas (AEF), Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Campus Curauma, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Jorge Gallardo-Cerda
- Centro de Ecología Molecular y Aplicaciones Evolutivas en Agroecosistemas (CEM), Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Campus Talca, Avda. Lircay s/n, Talca, Chile
| | - Ian S Acuña-Rodríguez
- Centro de Ecología Molecular y Aplicaciones Evolutivas en Agroecosistemas (CEM), Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Campus Talca, Avda. Lircay s/n, Talca, Chile
| | - Marco A Molina-Montenegro
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo N°1281, Coquimbo, Chile.,Centro de Ecología Molecular y Aplicaciones Evolutivas en Agroecosistemas (CEM), Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Campus Talca, Avda. Lircay s/n, Talca, Chile.,Research Program "Adaptation of Agriculture To Climate Change" PIEI A2C2, Universidad de Talca, Región del Maule, Talca, Chile.,Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Avanzados del Maule (CIEAM), Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
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Gonçalves MFM, Santos L, Silva BMV, Abreu AC, Vicente TFL, Esteves AC, Alves A. Biodiversity of Penicillium species from marine environments in Portugal and description of Penicillium lusitanum sp. nov., a novel species isolated from sea water. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:3014-3021. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Liliana Santos
- Department of Biology, CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Bruno M. V. Silva
- Department of Biology, CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Alberto C. Abreu
- Department of Biology, CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tânia F. L. Vicente
- Department of Biology, CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana C. Esteves
- Department of Biology, CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Present address: Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Institute of Health Sciences (ICS)-Viseu, Viseu, Portugal
| | - Artur Alves
- Department of Biology, CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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González-Abradelo D, Pérez-Llano Y, Peidro-Guzmán H, Sánchez-Carbente MDR, Folch-Mallol JL, Aranda E, Vaidyanathan VK, Cabana H, Gunde-Cimerman N, Batista-García RA. First demonstration that ascomycetous halophilic fungi (Aspergillus sydowii and Aspergillus destruens) are useful in xenobiotic mycoremediation under high salinity conditions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 279:287-296. [PMID: 30738355 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and pharmaceutical compounds (PhC) are xenobiotics present in many saline wastewaters. Although fungi are known for their ability to remove xenobiotics, the potential of halophilic fungi to degrade highly persistent pollutants was not yet investigated. The use of two halophilic fungi, Aspergillus sydowii and Aspergillus destruens, for the elimination of PAH and PhC at saline conditions was studied. In saline synthetic medium both fungi used benzo-α-pyrene and phenanthrene as sole carbon source and removed over 90% of both PAH, A. sydowii due to biodegradation and A. destruens to bioadsorption. They removed 100% of a mixture of fifteen PAH in saline biorefinery wastewater. Test using Cucumis sativus demonstrated that wastewater treated with the two fungi lowered considerably the phytotoxicity. This study is the first demonstration that ascomycetous halophilic fungi, in contrast to other fungi (and in particular basidiomycetes) can be used for mycotreatments under salinity conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah González-Abradelo
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos (UAEM), Ave. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, CP. 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Yordanis Pérez-Llano
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos (UAEM), Ave. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, CP. 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Heidy Peidro-Guzmán
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos (UAEM), Ave. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, CP. 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - María Del Rayo Sánchez-Carbente
- Centro de Investigaciones en Biotecnología, UAEM, Ave. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, CP. 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Jorge Luis Folch-Mallol
- Centro de Investigaciones en Biotecnología, UAEM, Ave. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, CP. 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Elisabet Aranda
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación del Agua, Universidad de Granada, Calle Núñez Blanca 1, CP. 18003 Granada, Spain
| | - Vinoth Kumar Vaidyanathan
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Mahatma Gandhi Rd, Potheri, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hubert Cabana
- Faculté de Genié, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, 2500 Boulevard de l Université, J1K 2R1 Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nina Gunde-Cimerman
- Faculty of Biology, University of Ljubljana, Kongresni trg 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ramón Alberto Batista-García
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos (UAEM), Ave. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, CP. 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico; Faculty of Biology, University of Ljubljana, Kongresni trg 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Alves IMS, Gonçalves VN, Oliveira FS, Schaefer CEGR, Rosa CA, Rosa LH. The diversity, distribution, and pathogenic potential of cultivable fungi present in rocks from the South Shetlands archipelago, Maritime Antarctica. Extremophiles 2019; 23:327-336. [PMID: 30852677 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-019-01086-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We studied the molecular taxonomy and diversity of cultivable rock fungi from Antarctic islands. From 50 rock samples, 386 fungal isolates were obtained and identified as 33 taxa of 20 genera. The genera Cladophialophora, Cladosporium, Cyphellophora, Eichleriella, Paracladophialophora, and Penicillium displayed the highest densities. Ecological diversity indices showed that the fungal assemblages are diverse and rich with low dominance. The genera Cladophialophora, Cladosporium, and Penicillium showed a broad distribution from rocks of the various islands. One hundred and fifty-nine fungi, grown at 37 °C, were identified as Penicillium chrysogenum, Fusarium sp., and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. One hundred and three fungi displayed haemolytic activity, 81 produced proteinase, 9 produced phospholipase, and 25 presented dimorphism and a spore diameter ≤ 4 µm. The Antarctic Peninsula region appears to be under the effects of global climate changes, which may expose and accelerate the rock's weathering processes, and expose and release cryptic fungi and other microbes, especially those with innate pathogenic potential, previously arrested in rocks. Consequently, these rocks and their particles may represent a vehicle for the dispersal of microbial propagules, including those able to spread pathogens, along, across, and out of Antarctica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel M S Alves
- Departmento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Vívian N Gonçalves
- Departmento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Fabio S Oliveira
- Departmento de Geofrafia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | | | - Carlos A Rosa
- Departmento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Luiz H Rosa
- Departmento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
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Maciá-Vicente JG, Nau T, Piepenbring M. Low diversity and abundance of root endophytes prevail throughout the life cycle of an annual halophyte. Mycol Prog 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-016-1241-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Del Rocío Reyes-Montes M, Pérez-Huitrón MA, Ocaña-Monroy JL, Frías-De-León MG, Martínez-Herrera E, Arenas R, Duarte-Escalante E. The habitat of Coccidioides spp. and the role of animals as reservoirs and disseminators in nature. BMC Infect Dis 2016; 16:550. [PMID: 27724885 PMCID: PMC5057265 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-016-1902-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coccidioidomycosis, a potentially fatal fungal infection, is considered an emergent mycotic disease because of the increased incidence of fungal infections registered over recent years. Infection occurs through the inhalation of arthroconidia from two main species of Coccidioides: Coccidioides immitis and C. posadasii, which are both endemic to arid and semi-arid regions of North America. Coccidioides species not only infect humans but can also infect other mammals (land, aquatic, wild or domestic), reptiles and birds. OBJECTIVE To obtain information regarding the habitat of Coccidioides spp. and the animals infected by this fungus and to identify the role that infected animals play as reservoirs and disseminators of this fungus in nature. MATERIALS A literature review was conducted to identify the habitat of Coccidioides spp. and the infected non-human animal species targeted by this fungus. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS This review allows us to suggest that Coccidioides spp. may be classified as halotolerant organisms; nevertheless, to perpetuate their life cycle, these organisms depend on different animal species (reservoirs) that serve as a link with the environment, by acting as disseminators of the fungi in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Del Rocío Reyes-Montes
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria No. 3000, Coyoacán, 04510, México Cd.Mx., Mexico
| | - María Ameyali Pérez-Huitrón
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria No. 3000, Coyoacán, 04510, México Cd.Mx., Mexico
| | - Jorge Luis Ocaña-Monroy
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria No. 3000, Coyoacán, 04510, México Cd.Mx., Mexico
| | - María Guadalupe Frías-De-León
- División de Investigación, Hospital Juárez de México, Edificio E. Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 5160, Col. Magdalena de las Salinas, 07760, México Cd.Mx., Mexico
| | - Erick Martínez-Herrera
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria No. 3000, Coyoacán, 04510, México Cd.Mx., Mexico
| | - Roberto Arenas
- Unidad de Micología, Hospital General "Manuel Gea González", Av. Calzada de Tlalpan 4800, Tlalpan, 14080, México, Cd.Mx., Mexico
| | - Esperanza Duarte-Escalante
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria No. 3000, Coyoacán, 04510, México Cd.Mx., Mexico.
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Comparative Study of Physical Factors and Microbial Diversity of Four Man-Made Extreme Ecosystems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s40011-015-0519-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Wiseman MS, Dugan FM, Kim YK, Xiao CL. A Postharvest Fruit Rot of Apple Caused by Lambertella corni-maris in Washington State. PLANT DISEASE 2015; 99:201-206. [PMID: 30699562 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-03-14-0327-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
During surveys for postharvest diseases of apple conducted in Washington State, an unknown fruit rot was observed on stored apple fruit collected from commercial fruit packinghouses. This disease was present in 66 of the 179 grower lots sampled, accounting for an average 1 to 3% of the total decayed fruit sampled. The disease appeared to originate from infection of wounds on the fruit skin. Lesions were brown and decayed tissues were spongy. A Lambertella sp. was consistently isolated from the decayed fruit. Sequences of the fungus and those of Lambertella corni-maris in GenBank differed by 0 to 4 bp across the combined small ribosomal subunit + internal transcribed spacer + large ribosomal subunit regions with a maximum identity ranging from 99 to 100%. The fungus grew at 0 to 20°C and formed apothecia on artificial media after 8 to 24 weeks. On potato dextrose agar under a 12-h photoperiod, apothecial dimensions were variable, ranging from 1 to 6 mm in diameter with stipes of 1 to 4 by 0.5 mm. Asci were 76 to 125 by 3.5 to 5.5 μm, inoperculate, eight-spored, clavate, and narrowed at the base. Ascospores were aseptate, 7 to 10 by 2.5 to 4.5 μm, uniseriate to biseriate, and orange-brown at maturity in the ascus. Colony characteristics included little or no aerial mycelium, dark-yellow to gray-black mycelium, gray-black pseudosclerotia, and yellow pigmentation in the agar. Morphological characteristics of the fungus overlapped with the description of L. corni-maris. 'Fuji' apple fruit that were wounded, inoculated with representative isolates, and incubated at 0°C yielded the same symptoms as seen in packinghouses, and the fungus was reisolated from the diseased fruit. This is the first report of a fruit rot in stored apple caused by L. corni-maris in the United States. We propose Lambertella rot as the name of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Wiseman
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman
| | - F M Dugan
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Pullman, WA
| | - Y K Kim
- Pace International, Wapato, WA
| | - C L Xiao
- USDA-ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, Parlier, CA 93648
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Pal AK, Gajjar DU, Vasavada AR. DOPA and DHN pathway orchestrate melanin synthesis in Aspergillus species. Med Mycol 2014; 52:10-8. [PMID: 23998343 DOI: 10.3109/13693786.2013.826879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanins are high molecular weight hydrophobic pigments that have been studied for their role in the virulence of fungal pathogens. We investigated the amount and type of melanin in 20 isolates of Aspergillus spp.; A. niger (n = 3), A. flavus (n = 5), A. tamarii (n = 3), A. terreus (n = 3), A. tubingensis (n = 3), A. sydowii (n = 3). Aspergillus spp. were identified by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. Extraction of melanin from culture filtrate and fungal biomass was done and followed by qualitative and quantitative analysis of melanin pigment. Ultraviolet (UV), Fourier transformed infrared (FT-IR), and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra analyses confirmed the presence of melanin. The melanin pathway was studied by analyzing the effects of inhibitors; kojic acid, tropolone, phthalide, and tricyclazole. The results indicate that in A. niger and A. tubingensis melanin was found in both culture filtrate and fungal biomass. For A. tamarii and A. flavus melanin was extracted from biomass only, whereas melanin was found only in culture filtrate for A. terreus. A negligible amount of melanin was found in A. sydowii. The maximum amount of melanin from culture filtrate and fungal biomass was found in A. niger and A. tamarrii, respectively. The DOPA (3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine) pathway produces melanin in A. niger, A. tamarii and A. flavus, whereas the DHN (1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene) pathway produces melanin in A. tubingensis and A. terreus. It can be concluded that the amount and type of melanin in aspergilli largely differ from species to species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha K Pal
- Iladevi Cataract and IOL Research Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat
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Kochkina GA, Ozerskaya SM, Ivanushkina NE, Chigineva NI, Vasilenko OV, Spirina EV, Gilichinskii DA. Fungal diversity in the Antarctic active layer. Microbiology (Reading) 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s002626171402012x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Unterseher M, Petzold A, Schnittler M. Xerotolerant foliar endophytic fungi of Populus euphratica from the Tarim River basin, Central China are conspecific to endophytic ITS phylotypes of Populus tremula from temperate Europe. FUNGAL DIVERS 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s13225-012-0167-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Butinar L, Frisvad JC, Gunde-Cimerman N. Hypersaline waters – a potential source of foodborne toxigenic aspergilli and penicillia. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2011; 77:186-99. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01108.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Butinar L, Strmole T, Gunde-Cimerman N. Relative incidence of ascomycetous yeasts in arctic coastal environments. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2011; 61:832-843. [PMID: 21221569 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-010-9794-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2010] [Accepted: 12/09/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies of fungi in polar environments have revealed a prevalence of basidiomycetous yeasts in soil and in subglacial environments of polythermal glaciers. Ascomycetous yeasts have rarely been reported from extremely cold natural environments, even though they are known contaminants of frozen foods. Using media with low water activity, we have isolated various yeast species from the subglacial ice of four glaciers from the coastal Arctic environment of Kongsfjorden, Spitzbergen, including Debaryomyces hansenii and Pichia guillermondii, with counts reaching 10(4) CFU L(-1). Together with the basidiomycetes Cryptococcus liquefaciens and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, these yeasts represent the stable core of the subglacial yeast communities. Other glacial ascomycetous species isolated included Candida parapsilosis and a putative new species that resembles Candida pseudorugosa. The archiascomycete Protomyces inouyei has seldom been detected anywhere in the world but was here recovered from ice in a glacier cave. The glacier meltwater contained only D. hansenii, whereas the seawater contained D. hansenii, Debaryomyces maramus, Pichia guilliermondii, what appears to represent a novel species resembling Candida galli and Metschnikowia bicuspidata. Only P. guilliermondii was isolated from sea ice, while snow/ice in the fjord tidal zone included C. parapsilosis, D. hansenii, P. guilliermondii and Metschnikowia zobellii. All of these isolated strains were characterized as psychrotolerant and xero/halotolerant, with the exception of P. inouyei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Butinar
- Wine Research Centre, University of Nova Gorica, Vipavska 11c, 5270 Ajdovščina, Slovenia.
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GostinÄar C, Grube M, De Hoog S, Zalar P, Gunde-Cimerman N. Extremotolerance in fungi: evolution on the edge. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2010; 71:2-11. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2009.00794.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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Bircan C. Comparison of homogenization techniques and incidence of aflatoxin contamination in dried figs for export. FOOD ADDITIVES & CONTAMINANTS PART B-SURVEILLANCE 2009; 2:171-7. [DOI: 10.1080/19440040903280521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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