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Glycomimetic Peptides as Therapeutic Tools. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020688. [PMID: 36840010 PMCID: PMC9966187 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The entry of peptides into glycobiology has led to the development of a unique class of therapeutic tools. Although numerous and well-known peptides are active as endocrine regulatory factors that bind to specific receptors, and peptides have been used extensively as epitopes for vaccine production, the use of peptides that mimic sugars as ligands of lectin-type receptors has opened a unique approach to modulate activity of immune cells. Ground-breaking work that initiated the use of peptides as tools for therapy identified sugar mimetics by screening phage display libraries. The peptides that have been discovered show significant potential as high-avidity, therapeutic tools when synthesized as multivalent structures. Advantages of peptides over sugars as drugs for immune modulation will be illustrated in this review.
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Mazzoleni A, Mallet JM, Rovero P, Papini AM. Glycoreplica peptides to investigate molecular mechanisms of immune-mediated physiological versus pathological conditions. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 663:44-53. [PMID: 30594643 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Investigation of the role of saccharides and glycoconjugates in mechanisms of immune-mediated physiological and pathological conditions is a hot topic. In fact, in many autoimmune diseases cross-reactivity between sugar moieties exposed on exogenous pathogens and self-molecules has long been hinted. Several peptides have been reported as mimetics of glycans specifically interacting with sugar-binding antibodies. The seek for these glycoreplica peptides is instrumental in characterizing antigen mimicry pathways and their involvement in triggering autoimmunity. Therefore, peptides mimicking glycan-protein interactions are valuable molecular tools to overcome the difficulties of oligosaccharide preparations. The clinical impact of peptide-based probes for autoimmune diseases diagnosis and follow-up is emerging only recently as just the tip of the iceberg of an overlooked potential. Here we provide a brief overview of the relevance of the structural and functional aspects of peptide probes and their mimicry effect in autoimmunity mechanisms for promising applications in diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Mazzoleni
- Laboratory of Peptide and Protein Chemistry and Biology, Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 13, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; Laboratoire des Biomolécules, UMR 7203, Département de chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Maurice Mallet
- Laboratoire des Biomolécules, UMR 7203, Département de chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Paolo Rovero
- Laboratory of Peptide and Protein Chemistry and Biology, Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health - Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nutraceuticals, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Papini
- Laboratory of Peptide and Protein Chemistry and Biology, Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 13, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; Platform of Peptide and Protein Chemistry and Biology - PeptLab@UCP and Laboratory of Chemical Biology EA4505, Université Paris-Seine, 5 Mail Gay-Lussac, 95031, Cergy-Pontoise CEDEX, France.
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Anti-influenza Activity of a Bacillus subtilis Probiotic Strain. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2017; 61:AAC.00539-17. [PMID: 28416546 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00539-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Among Bacillus bacteria, B. subtilis is the species that produces the most antimicrobial compounds. In this study, we analyzed the activity of probiotic strain B. subtilis 3 against the influenza virus. The antiviral effect of this strain has been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo A new peptide, P18, produced by the probiotic strain was isolated, purified, chemically synthesized, and characterized. Cytotoxicity studies demonstrated no toxic effect of P18 on Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, even at the highest concentration tested (100 μg/ml). Complete inhibition of the influenza virus in vitro was observed at concentrations of 12.5 to 100 μg/ml. The protective effect of P18 in mice was comparable to that of oseltamivir phosphate (Tamiflu). Further study will assess the potential of peptide P18 as an antiviral compound and as a promising candidate for the development of new antiviral vaccines.
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Horwacik I, Golik P, Grudnik P, Kolinski M, Zdzalik M, Rokita H, Dubin G. Structural Basis of GD2 Ganglioside and Mimetic Peptide Recognition by 14G2a Antibody. Mol Cell Proteomics 2015; 14:2577-90. [PMID: 26179345 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m115.052720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies targeting GD2 ganglioside (GD2) have recently been approved for the treatment of high risk neuroblastoma and are extensively evaluated in clinics in other indications. This study illustrates how a therapeutic antibody distinguishes between different types of gangliosides present on normal and cancer cells and informs how synthetic peptides can imitate ganglioside in its binding to the antibody. Using high resolution crystal structures we demonstrate that the ganglioside recognition by a model antibody (14G2a) is based primarily on an extended network of direct and water molecule mediated hydrogen bonds. Comparison of the GD2-Fab structure with that of a ligand free antibody reveals an induced fit mechanism of ligand binding. These conclusions are validated by directed mutagenesis and allowed structure guided generation of antibody variant with improved affinity toward GD2. Contrary to the carbohydrate, both evaluated mimetic peptides utilize a "key and lock" interaction mechanism complementing the surface of the antibody binding groove exactly as found in the empty structure. The interaction of both peptides with the Fab relies considerably on hydrophobic contacts however, the detailed connections differ significantly between the peptides. As such, the evaluated peptide carbohydrate mimicry is defined primarily in a functional and not in structural manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Horwacik
- From the ‡Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Virology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 7 Gronostajowa St., 30-387 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Przemyslaw Golik
- §Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 7 Gronostajowa St., 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Przemyslaw Grudnik
- §Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 7 Gronostajowa St., 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Michal Kolinski
- ¶Bioinformatics Laboratory, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego St., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michal Zdzalik
- §Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 7 Gronostajowa St., 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Hanna Rokita
- From the ‡Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Virology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 7 Gronostajowa St., 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Dubin
- §Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 7 Gronostajowa St., 30-387 Krakow, Poland; ‖Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 7a Gronostajowa St., 30-387 Krakow, Poland
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Roskar I, Molek P, Vodnik M, Stempelj M, Strukelj B, Lunder M. Peptide modulators of alpha-glucosidase. J Diabetes Investig 2015; 6:625-31. [PMID: 26543535 PMCID: PMC4627538 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION Acute glucose fluctuations during the postprandial period pose great risk for cardiovascular complications and thus represent an important therapeutic approach in type 2 diabetes. In the present study, screening of peptide libraries was used to select peptides with an affinity towards mammalian intestinal alpha-glucosidase as potential leads in antidiabetic agent development. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three phage-displayed peptide libraries were used in independent selections with different elution strategies to isolate target-binding peptides. Selected peptides displayed on phage were tested to compete for an enzyme-binding site with known competitive inhibitors, acarbose and voglibose. The four best performing peptides were synthesized. Their binding to the mammalian alpha-glucosidase and their effect on enzyme activity were evaluated. RESULTS Two linear and two cyclic heptapeptides with high affinity towards intestinal alpha-glucosidase were selected. Phage-displayed as well as synthetic peptides bind into or to the vicinity of the active site on the enzyme. Both cyclic peptides inhibited enzyme activity, whereas both linear peptides increased enzyme activity. CONCLUSIONS Although natural substrates of glycosidase are polysaccharides, in the present study we successfully isolated novel peptide modulators of alpha-glucosidase. Modulatory activity of selected peptides could be further optimized through peptidomimetic design. They represent promising leads for development of efficient alpha-glucosidase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Roskar
- Entrapharm d.o.o., University of Ljubljana Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Peter Molek
- Chair of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Miha Vodnik
- Chair of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mateja Stempelj
- Entrapharm d.o.o., University of Ljubljana Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Borut Strukelj
- Chair of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mojca Lunder
- Chair of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Kieber-Emmons T, Saha S, Pashov A, Monzavi-Karbassi B, Murali R. Carbohydrate-mimetic peptides for pan anti-tumor responses. Front Immunol 2014; 5:308. [PMID: 25071769 PMCID: PMC4075079 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular mimicry is fundamental to biology and transcends to many disciplines ranging from immune pathology to drug design. Structural characterization of molecular partners has provided insight into the origins and relative importance of complementarity in mimicry. Chemical complementarity is easy to understand; amino acid sequence similarity between peptides, for example, can lead to cross-reactivity triggering similar reactivity from their cognate receptors. However, conformational complementarity is difficult to decipher. Molecular mimicry of carbohydrates by peptides is often considered one of those. Extensive studies of innate and adaptive immune responses suggests the existence of carbohydrate mimicry, but the structural basis for this mimicry yields confounding details; peptides mimicking carbohydrates in some cases fail to exhibit both chemical and conformational mimicry. Deconvolution of these two types of complementarity in mimicry and its relationship to biological function can nevertheless lead to new therapeutics. Here, we discuss our experience examining the immunological aspects and implications of carbohydrate-peptide mimicry. Emphasis is placed on the rationale, the lessons learned from the methodologies to identify mimics, a perspective on the limitations of structural analysis, the biological consequences of mimicking tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens, and the notion of reverse engineering to develop carbohydrate-mimetic peptides in vaccine design strategies to induce responses to glycan antigens expressed on cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kieber-Emmons
- Department of Pathology and Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Somdutta Saha
- Department of Pathology and Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Anastas Pashov
- Stephan Angelov Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Behjatolah Monzavi-Karbassi
- Department of Pathology and Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Ramachandran Murali
- Research Division of Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Tessier MB, Grant OC, Heimburg-Molinaro J, Smith D, Jadey S, Gulick AM, Glushka J, Deutscher SL, Rittenhouse-Olson K, Woods RJ. Computational screening of the human TF-glycome provides a structural definition for the specificity of anti-tumor antibody JAA-F11. PLoS One 2013; 8:e54874. [PMID: 23365681 PMCID: PMC3554700 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant antibodies are of profound clinical significance; yet, anti-carbohydrate antibodies are prone to undesirable cross-reactivity with structurally related-glycans. Here we introduce a new technology called Computational Carbohydrate Grafting (CCG), which enables a virtual library of glycans to be assessed for protein binding specificity, and employ it to define the scope and structural origin of the binding specificity of antibody JAA-F11 for glycans containing the Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF) human tumor antigen. A virtual library of the entire human glycome (GLibrary-3D) was constructed, from which 1,182 TF-containing human glycans were identified and assessed for their ability to fit into the antibody combining site. The glycans were categorized into putative binders, or non-binders, on the basis of steric clashes with the antibody surface. The analysis employed a structure of the immune complex, generated by docking the TF-disaccharide (Galβ1-3GalNAcα) into a crystal structure of the JAA-F11 antigen binding fragment, which was shown to be consistent with saturation transfer difference (STD) NMR data. The specificities predicted by CCG were fully consistent with data from experimental glycan array screening, and confirmed that the antibody is selective for the TF-antigen and certain extended core-2 type mucins. Additionally, the CCG analysis identified a limited number of related putative binding motifs, and provided a structural basis for interpreting the specificity. CCG can be utilized to facilitate clinical applications through the determination of the three-dimensional interaction of glycans with proteins, thus augmenting drug and vaccine development techniques that seek to optimize the specificity and affinity of neutralizing proteins, which target glycans associated with diseases including cancer and HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew B. Tessier
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Oliver C. Grant
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland, Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland
| | - Jamie Heimburg-Molinaro
- Department of Biotechnical and Clinical Laboratory Sciences, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - David Smith
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Snehal Jadey
- Department of Biotechnical and Clinical Laboratory Sciences, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Andrew M. Gulick
- Hauptman-Woodward Institute, Department of Structural Biology, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - John Glushka
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Susan L. Deutscher
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Kate Rittenhouse-Olson
- Department of Biotechnical and Clinical Laboratory Sciences, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (KRO); (RJW)
| | - Robert J. Woods
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland, Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland
- * E-mail: (KRO); (RJW)
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Amir S, Hartvigsen K, Gonen A, Leibundgut G, Que X, Jensen-Jarolim E, Wagner O, Tsimikas S, Witztum JL, Binder CJ. Peptide mimotopes of malondialdehyde epitopes for clinical applications in cardiovascular disease. J Lipid Res 2012; 53:1316-26. [PMID: 22508944 PMCID: PMC3371243 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m025445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoantibodies specific for malondialdehyde-modified LDL (MDA-LDL) represent
potential biomarkers to predict cardiovascular risk. However, MDA-LDL is a high
variability antigen with limited reproducibility. To identify peptide mimotopes of
MDA-LDL, phage display libraries were screened with the MDA-LDL-specific IgM
monoclonal Ab LRO4, and the specificity and antigenic properties of MDA mimotopes
were assessed in vitro and in vivo. We identified one 12-mer linear (P1) and one
7-mer cyclic (P2) peptide carrying a consensus sequence, which bound specifically to
murine and human anti-MDA monoclonal Abs. Furthermore, MDA mimotopes were found to
mimic MDA epitopes on the surface of apoptotic cells. Immunization of mice with P2
resulted in the induction of MDA-LDL-specific Abs, which strongly immunostained human
atherosclerotic lesions. We detected IgG and IgM autoAbs to both MDA mimotopes in
sera of healthy subjects and patients with myocardial infarction and stable angina
pectoris undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, and the titers of autoAbs
correlated significantly with respective Ab titers against MDA-LDL. In conclusion, we
identified specific peptides that are immunological mimotopes of MDA. These mimotopes
can serve as standardized and reproducible antigens that will be useful for
diagnostic and therapeutic applications in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahzada Amir
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Szczepina MG, Bleile DW, Müllegger J, Lewis AR, Pinto BM. WaterLOGSY NMR Experiments in Conjunction with Molecular-Dynamics Simulations Identify Immobilized Water Molecules That Bridge Peptide Mimic MDWNMHAA to Anticarbohydrate Antibody SYA/J6. Chemistry 2011; 17:11438-45. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201101464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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10
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Szczepina MG, Bleile DW, Pinto BM. Investigation of the Binding of a Carbohydrate-Mimetic Peptide to its Complementary Anticarbohydrate Antibody by STD-NMR Spectroscopy and Molecular-Dynamics Simulations. Chemistry 2011; 17:11446-55. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201100222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2011] [Revised: 04/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Theillet FX, Frank M, Vulliez-Le Normand B, Simenel C, Hoos S, Chaffotte A, Bélot F, Guerreiro C, Nato F, Phalipon A, Mulard LA, Delepierre M. Dynamic aspects of antibody:oligosaccharide complexes characterized by molecular dynamics simulations and saturation transfer difference nuclear magnetic resonance. Glycobiology 2011; 21:1570-9. [PMID: 21610193 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwr059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrates are likely to maintain significant conformational flexibility in antibody (Ab):carbohydrate complexes. As demonstrated herein for the protective monoclonal Ab (mAb) F22-4 recognizing the Shigella flexneri 2a O-antigen (O-Ag) and numerous synthetic oligosaccharide fragments thereof, the combination of molecular dynamics simulations and nuclear magnetic resonance saturation transfer difference experiments, supported by physicochemical analysis, allows us to determine the binding epitope and its various contributions to affinity without using any modified oligosaccharides. Moreover, the methods used provide insights into ligand flexibility in the complex, thus enabling a better understanding of the Ab affinities observed for a representative set of synthetic O-Ag fragments. Additionally, these complementary pieces of information give evidence to the ability of the studied mAb to recognize internal as well as terminal epitopes of its cognate polysaccharide antigen. Hence, we show that an appropriate combination of computational and experimental methods provides a basis to explore carbohydrate functional mimicry and receptor binding. The strategy may facilitate the design of either ligands or carbohydrate recognition domains, according to needed improvements of the natural carbohydrate:receptor properties.
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Agostino M, Sandrin MS, Thompson PE, Farrugia W, Ramsland PA, Yuriev E. Carbohydrate-mimetic peptides: structural aspects of mimicry and therapeutic implications. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2011; 11:211-24. [DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2011.542140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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13
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Hossany BR, Johnston BD, Wen X, Borrelli S, Yuan Y, Johnson MA, Pinto BM. Design, synthesis, and immunochemical characterization of a chimeric glycopeptide corresponding to the Shigella flexneri Y O-polysaccharide and its peptide mimic MDWNMHAA. Carbohydr Res 2009; 344:1412-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2009.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2009] [Revised: 03/12/2009] [Accepted: 03/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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