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Prokopiou G, Hartstein M, Govind N, Kronik L. Optimal Tuning Perspective of Range-Separated Double Hybrid Functionals. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:2331-2340. [PMID: 35369687 PMCID: PMC9009176 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We study the optimal tuning of the free parameters in range-separated double hybrid functionals, based on enforcing the exact conditions of piecewise linearity and spin constancy. We find that introducing the range separation in both the exchange and the correlation terms allows for the minimization of both fractional charge and fractional spin errors for singlet atoms. The optimal set of parameters is system specific, underlining the importance of the tuning procedure. We test the performance of the resulting optimally tuned functionals for the dissociation curves of diatomic molecules. We find that they recover the correct dissociation curve for the one-electron system, H2+, and improve the dissociation curves of many-electron molecules such as H2 and Li2, but they also yield a nonphysical maximum and only converge to the correct dissociation limit at very large distances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Prokopiou
- Department
of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth 76100, Israel
| | - Michal Hartstein
- Department
of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth 76100, Israel
| | - Niranjan Govind
- Physical
and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Leeor Kronik
- Department
of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth 76100, Israel
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2
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Nhon L, Shan B, Taggart AD, Wolfe RMW, Li TT, Klug CM, Nayak A, Bullock RM, Cahoon JF, Meyer TJ, Schanze KS, Reynolds JR. Influence of Surface and Structural Variations in Donor-Acceptor-Donor Sensitizers on Photoelectrocatalytic Water Splitting. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:47499-47510. [PMID: 34590823 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c11879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated organic chromophores composed of linked donor (D) and acceptor (A) moieties have attracted considerable attention for photoelectrochemical applications. In this work, we compare the optoelectronic properties and photoelectrochemical performance of two D-A-D structural isomers with thiophene-X-carboxylic acid (X denotes 3 and 2 positions) derivatives and 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole as the D and A moieties, respectively. 5,5'-(Benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole-4,7-diyl)bis(thiophene-3-carboxylic acid), BTD1, and 5,5'-(benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole-4,7-diyl)bis(thiophene-2-carboxylic acid), BTD2, were employed in the study to understand how structural isomers affect surface attachments within chromophore-catalyst assemblies and their influence on charge-transfer dynamics. Crystal structures revealed that varying the position of the -COOH anchoring group causes the molecules to either contort out of a plane (BTD1) or adopt a near-perfect planar conformation (BTD2). BTD1 and BTD2 were co-loaded with either a water oxidation catalyst, [Ru(2,6-bis(1-methylbenzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine)-(4,4'-((HO)2OPCH2)2-2,2'-bipyridine)(OH2)]2, RuCt2+, or proton reduction catalyst [Ni(P2PhN2C6H4CH2PO3H2)2]2+, NiCt2+, on oxide electrodes to facilitate photodriven water splitting reactions. Emission quenching measurements indicate that both BTD1 and BTD2 inject electrons into n-type SnO2|TiO2 electrodes and holes into p-type NiO semiconductors from their respective excited states at high efficiencies >60%. Photocurrent densities of chromophore-catalyst assemblies obtained using linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) show that BTD2-sensitized photoanodes generate significantly more photocurrent than BTD1-sensitized electrodes; however, both exhibit similar performances at the photocathode. Photoelectrocatyltic measurements demonstrate that both BTD1 and BTD2 performed similarly, generating Faradaic efficiencies of 39 and 38% at the anode or 61 and 79% at the cathode. Transient absorption measurements suggest that the differences between the LSV and photoelectrocatalytic measurements result from the differences in quantum yields of the photogenerated redox equivalents, which is also a reflection of the varying metal oxide surface conformation. Our findings suggest that BTD2 should be investigated further in photocathodic studies since it has the structural advantage of being incorporated into diverse types of chromophore-catalyst assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Nhon
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics, Georgia Tech Polymer Network, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Bing Shan
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China
| | - Aaron D Taggart
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Rylan M W Wolfe
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics, Georgia Tech Polymer Network, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Ting-Ting Li
- Research Center of Applied Solid State Chemistry, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Christina M Klug
- Center for Molecular Electrocatalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, K2-12, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Animesh Nayak
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - R Morris Bullock
- Center for Molecular Electrocatalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, K2-12, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - James F Cahoon
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Thomas J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Kirk S Schanze
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - John R Reynolds
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics, Georgia Tech Polymer Network, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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3
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Bhandari S, Dunietz BD. Quantitative Accuracy in Calculating Charge Transfer State Energies in Solvated Molecular Complexes Using a Screened Range Separated Hybrid Functional within a Polarized Continuum Model. J Chem Theory Comput 2019; 15:4305-4311. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.9b00480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Srijana Bhandari
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
| | - Barry D. Dunietz
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
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4
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Bhandari S, Cheung MS, Geva E, Kronik L, Dunietz BD. Fundamental Gaps of Condensed-Phase Organic Semiconductors from Single-Molecule Calculations using Polarization-Consistent Optimally Tuned Screened Range-Separated Hybrid Functionals. J Chem Theory Comput 2018; 14:6287-6294. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.8b00876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Srijana Bhandari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
| | - Margaret S. Cheung
- Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Eitan Geva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Leeor Kronik
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth 76100, Israel
| | - Barry D. Dunietz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
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5
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Manna AK, Refaely-Abramson S, Reilly AM, Tkatchenko A, Neaton JB, Kronik L. Quantitative Prediction of Optical Absorption in Molecular Solids from an Optimally Tuned Screened Range-Separated Hybrid Functional. J Chem Theory Comput 2018; 14:2919-2929. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.7b01058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arun K. Manna
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth 76100, Israel
| | - Sivan Refaely-Abramson
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth 76100, Israel
| | - Anthony M. Reilly
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Alexandre Tkatchenko
- Physics and Materials Science Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, L-1511 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Jeffrey B. Neaton
- Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Leeor Kronik
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth 76100, Israel
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6
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Marshall JL, Uchida K, Frederickson CK, Schütt C, Zeidell AM, Goetz KP, Finn TW, Jarolimek K, Zakharov LN, Risko C, Herges R, Jurchescu OD, Haley MM. Indacenodibenzothiophenes: synthesis, optoelectronic properties and materials applications of molecules with strong antiaromatic character. Chem Sci 2016; 7:5547-5558. [PMID: 28066536 PMCID: PMC5207214 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc00950f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Indeno[1,2-b]fluorenes (IFs), while containing 4n π-electrons, are best described as two aromatic benzene rings fused to a weakly paratropic s-indacene core. In this study, we find that replacement of the outer benzene rings of an IF with benzothiophenes allows the antiaromaticity of the central s-indacene to strongly reassert itself. Herein we report a combined synthetic, computational, structural, and materials study of anti- and syn-indacenodibenzothiophenes (IDBTs). We have developed an efficient and scalable synthesis for preparation of a series of aryl- and ethynyl-substituted IDBTs. NICS-XY scans and ACID calculations reveal an increasingly antiaromatic core from [1,2-b]IF to anti-IDBT, with syn-IDBT being nearly as antiaromatic as the parent s-indacene. As an initial evaluation, the intermolecular electronic couplings and electronic band structure of a diethynyl anti-IDBT derivative reveal the potential for hole and / or electron transport. OFETs constructed using this molecule show the highest hole mobilities yet achieved for a fully conjugated IF derivative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan L. Marshall
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Materials Science Institute
, University of Oregon
,
Eugene
, Oregon 97403-1253
, USA
.
| | - Kazuyuki Uchida
- Department of Chemistry
, Graduate School of Science
, Osaka University
,
Toyonaka
, Osaka 560-0043
, Japan
| | - Conerd K. Frederickson
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Materials Science Institute
, University of Oregon
,
Eugene
, Oregon 97403-1253
, USA
.
| | - Christian Schütt
- Otto-Diels-Institute of Organic Chemistry
, University of Kiel
,
Otto-Hahn-Platz 4
, Kiel 24098
, Germany
| | - Andrew M. Zeidell
- Department of Physics
, Wake Forest University
,
Winston-Salem
, North Carolina 27109
, USA
| | - Katelyn P. Goetz
- Department of Physics
, Wake Forest University
,
Winston-Salem
, North Carolina 27109
, USA
| | - Tristan W. Finn
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Applied Energy Research
, University of Kentucky
,
Lexington
, Kentucky 40506
, USA
| | - Karol Jarolimek
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Applied Energy Research
, University of Kentucky
,
Lexington
, Kentucky 40506
, USA
| | - Lev N. Zakharov
- CAMCOR
, University of Oregon
,
Eugene
, Oregon 97403-1433
, USA
| | - Chad Risko
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Applied Energy Research
, University of Kentucky
,
Lexington
, Kentucky 40506
, USA
| | - Rainer Herges
- Otto-Diels-Institute of Organic Chemistry
, University of Kiel
,
Otto-Hahn-Platz 4
, Kiel 24098
, Germany
| | - Oana D. Jurchescu
- Department of Physics
, Wake Forest University
,
Winston-Salem
, North Carolina 27109
, USA
| | - Michael M. Haley
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Materials Science Institute
, University of Oregon
,
Eugene
, Oregon 97403-1253
, USA
.
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7
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Abstract
Molecular solids have attracted attention recently in the context of organic (opto)electronics. These materials exhibit unique charge carrier generation and transport phenomena that are distinct from those of conventional semiconductors. Understanding these phenomena is fundamental to optoelectronics and requires a detailed description of the excited-state properties of molecular solids. Recent advances in many-body perturbation theory (MBPT) and density functional theory (DFT) have made such description possible and have revealed many surprising electronic and optical properties of molecular crystals. Here, we review this progress. We summarize the salient aspects of MBPT and DFT as well as various properties that can be described by these methods. These properties include the fundamental gap and its renormalization, hybridization and band dispersion, singlet and triplet excitations, optical spectra, and excitonic properties. For each, we present concrete examples, a comparison to experiments, and a critical discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leeor Kronik
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth 76100, Israel;
| | - Jeffrey B Neaton
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; .,Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.,Kavli Energy NanoScience Institute, Berkeley, California 94720
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8
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Schmidt T, Kraisler E, Makmal A, Kronik L, Kümmel S. A self-interaction-free local hybrid functional: Accurate binding energies vis-à-vis accurate ionization potentials from Kohn-Sham eigenvalues. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:18A510. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4865942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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9
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Gas-Phase Valence-Electron Photoemission Spectroscopy Using Density Functional Theory. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2014; 347:137-91. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2013_522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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10
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Egger DA, Weissman S, Refaely-Abramson S, Sharifzadeh S, Dauth M, Baer R, Kümmel S, Neaton JB, Zojer E, Kronik L. Outer-valence Electron Spectra of Prototypical Aromatic Heterocycles from an Optimally Tuned Range-Separated Hybrid Functional. J Chem Theory Comput 2014; 10:1934-1952. [PMID: 24839410 PMCID: PMC4020925 DOI: 10.1021/ct400956h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Density functional theory with optimally
tuned range-separated
hybrid (OT-RSH) functionals has been recently suggested [Refaely-Abramson
et al. Phys. Rev. Lett.2012, 109, 226405] as a nonempirical approach to predict the outer-valence
electronic structure of molecules with the same accuracy as many-body
perturbation theory. Here, we provide a quantitative evaluation of
the OT-RSH approach by examining its performance in predicting the
outer-valence electron spectra of several prototypical gas-phase molecules,
from aromatic rings (benzene, pyridine, and pyrimidine) to more complex
organic systems (terpyrimidinethiol and copper phthalocyanine). For
a range up to several electronvolts away from the frontier orbital
energies, we find that the outer-valence electronic structure obtained
from the OT-RSH method agrees very well (typically within ∼0.1–0.2
eV) with both experimental photoemission and theoretical many-body
perturbation theory data in the GW approximation. In particular, we
find that with new strategies for an optimal choice of the short-range
fraction of Fock exchange, the OT-RSH approach offers a balanced description
of localized and delocalized states. We discuss in detail the sole
exception found—a high-symmetry orbital, particular to small
aromatic rings, which is relatively deep inside the valence state
manifold. Overall, the OT-RSH method is an accurate DFT-based method
for outer-valence electronic structure prediction for such systems
and is of essentially the same level of accuracy as contemporary GW
approaches, at a reduced computational cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Egger
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology , 8010 Graz, Austria ; Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovoth 76100, Israel
| | - Shira Weissman
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovoth 76100, Israel
| | - Sivan Refaely-Abramson
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovoth 76100, Israel
| | - Sahar Sharifzadeh
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Matthias Dauth
- Theoretical Physics IV, University of Bayreuth , 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Roi Baer
- Fritz Haber Center for Molecular Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Hebrew University , 91904 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Stephan Kümmel
- Theoretical Physics IV, University of Bayreuth , 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Jeffrey B Neaton
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States ; Department of Physics and Kavli Energy Nanosciences Institute, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Egbert Zojer
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology , 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Leeor Kronik
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovoth 76100, Israel
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