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Mulama AA, Roumpos K, Pradipkanti L, Oduor AO, Reiter G. Rheological Properties of Blends of Isotactic Polystyrene–Isotactic Poly( para-methylstyrene) Films Derived from a Comparative Dewetting Study. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Austine A. Mulama
- Physikalisches Institut, Fakultät für Mathematik und Physik, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Freiburg 79104, Germany
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, School of Physical and Biological Sciences, Maseno University, 333, 40105 Maseno, Kenya
| | - Konstantinos Roumpos
- Physikalisches Institut, Fakultät für Mathematik und Physik, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - L. Pradipkanti
- Physikalisches Institut, Fakultät für Mathematik und Physik, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Andrew O. Oduor
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, School of Physical and Biological Sciences, Maseno University, 333, 40105 Maseno, Kenya
| | - Günter Reiter
- Physikalisches Institut, Fakultät für Mathematik und Physik, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Freiburg 79104, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bio-inspired Technologies (FIT), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Freiburg 79110, Germany
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2
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Zuo J, Wen G, You K. Dewetting behavior of self-assembled films of polystyrene-b-poly(methyl methacrylate) induced by solvent vapor annealing. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.121977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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3
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Mulama AA, Chandran S, Roumpos K, Oduor AO, Reiter G. Dewetting Rheology for Determining Viscoelastic Properties of Nonequilibrated Thin Polymer Films. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Austine A. Mulama
- Physikalisches Institut, Fakultät für Mathematik und Physik, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Freiburg 79104, Germany
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, School of Biological and Physical Sciences, Maseno University, PO Box 333-40105, Maseno, Kenya
| | - Sivasurender Chandran
- Physikalisches Institut, Fakultät für Mathematik und Physik, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Konstantinos Roumpos
- Physikalisches Institut, Fakultät für Mathematik und Physik, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Andrew O. Oduor
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, School of Biological and Physical Sciences, Maseno University, PO Box 333-40105, Maseno, Kenya
| | - Günter Reiter
- Physikalisches Institut, Fakultät für Mathematik und Physik, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Freiburg 79104, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bio-inspired Technologies (FIT), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Freiburg 79110, Germany
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4
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Lee S, Lee W, Yamada NL, Tanaka K, Kim JH, Lee H, Ryu DY. Instability of Polystyrene Film and Thermal Behaviors Mediated by Unfavorable Silicon Oxide Interlayer. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seungjae Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Wooseop Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Norifumi L. Yamada
- Neutron Science Division, Institute for Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 203-1 Shirakata, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki 319-1106, Japan
| | - Keiji Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Jong Hak Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Hoyeon Lee
- Neutron Science Center, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 989 Daedeok-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34057, Korea
| | - Du Yeol Ryu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
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5
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Gao M, Wen G, Wang L. Effects of Spreading Conditions on the Aggregation Behavior of a Symmetric Diblock Copolymer Polystyrene- block-poly(methyl methacrylate) at the Air/Water Interface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:9272-9278. [PMID: 30004714 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Langmuir monolayers and Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of a symmetric diblock copolymer polystyrene- block-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PS- b-PMMA) were characterized by the film balance technique and tapping mode atomic force microscopy, respectively. Effects of both the spreading solution concentration and the surface concentration on the aggregation behavior of PS- b-PMMA at the air/water interface and the morphologies of its LB films were studied in detail. When the monolayers spread in different concentrations (≤0.50 mg/mL), all their initial morphologies exhibit tiny circular micelles because of the long hydrophilic PMMA block in the copolymer. The initial tiny circular micelles form spontaneously and then aggregate into small ones upon compression, which can further coalesce into rodlike aggregates or large micelles depending on the spreading concentrations. The LB films of PS- b-PMMA usually exhibit various mixed structures of rodlike aggregates and circular micelles, which can further transform into labyrinth patterns under some special spreading conditions. Besides spreading concentration and volume, we discover that the detailed spreading process should also be responsible for the initial and final morphologies of the LB films. Furthermore, the LB films prepared under different spreading conditions can be regarded as in the equilibrium or nonequilibrium structures because of the kinetic effect difference resulting from the different PS chain entanglement degrees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Gao
- Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, College of Material Science and Engineering , Harbin University of Science and Technology , 4 Linyuan Road , Harbin 150040 , People's Republic of China
| | - Gangyao Wen
- Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, College of Material Science and Engineering , Harbin University of Science and Technology , 4 Linyuan Road , Harbin 150040 , People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, College of Material Science and Engineering , Harbin University of Science and Technology , 4 Linyuan Road , Harbin 150040 , People's Republic of China
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6
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Kotni TR, Khanna R, Sarkar J. Kinetics of sub-spinodal dewetting of thin films of thickness dependent viscosity. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2017; 29:175001. [PMID: 28333683 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aa62d9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
An alternative explanation of the time varying and very low growth exponents in dewetting of polymer films like polystyrene films is presented based on non-linear simulations. The kinetics of these films is explored within the framework of experimentally observed thickness dependent viscosity. These films exhibit sub-spinodal dewetting via formation of satellite holes in between primary dewetted holes under favorable conditions of excess intermolecular forces and film thicknesses. We find that conditions responsible for sub-spinodal dewetting concurrently lead to remarkable changes in the kinetics of dewetting of even primary holes. For example, the radius of the hole grows in time with a power-law growth exponent sequence of [Formula: see text], in contrast to the usual ∼4/5. This is due to the cumulative effect of reduced rim mobility due to thickness dependent viscosity and hindrance created by satellite holes.
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7
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Che J, Jawaid A, Grabowski CA, Yi YJ, Louis GC, Ramakrishnan S, Vaia RA. Stability of Polymer Grafted Nanoparticle Monolayers: Impact of Architecture and Polymer-Substrate Interactions on Dewetting. ACS Macro Lett 2016; 5:1369-1374. [PMID: 35651208 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.6b00772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The stability of polymer thin films is crucial to a broad range of technologies, including sensors, energy storage, filtration, and lithography. Recently, the demonstration of rapid deposition on solid substrates of ordered monolayers of polymer grafted nanoparticles (PGN) has increased potential for inks to additively manufacture such components. Herein, enhanced stability against dewetting of these self-assembled PGN films (gold nanoparticle functionalized with polystyrene (AuNP-PS)) is discussed in context to linear polystyrene (PS) analogues using high throughput surface gradients: surface energy (20-45 mN/m) and temperature (90-160 °C). PGNs exhibit a lower surface (γp) and interfacial (γsp) energy relative to linear polymers, which results in increased thermal and energetic stability by 10-25 °C and 5-15 mN/m, respectively. This enhanced wetting-dewetting transition is qualitatively consistent with the behavior of star macromolecules and depends on the architecture of the polymer canopy. Increased film stability through canopy architecture expands the manufacturability of thin film hybrids and refines postprocessing conditions to maximize local PGN order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Che
- Materials
and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
- National Research
Council, Washington, D.C. 20001, United States
| | - Ali Jawaid
- Materials
and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
- UES, Inc., Dayton, Ohio 45432, United States
| | - Christopher A. Grabowski
- Materials
and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
- UES, Inc., Dayton, Ohio 45432, United States
| | - Yoon-Jae Yi
- Materials
and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
- College
of Science and Mathematics, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio 45435, United States
| | - Golda Chakkalakal Louis
- College of Engineering, Florida A&M University-Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Subramanian Ramakrishnan
- College of Engineering, Florida A&M University-Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Richard A. Vaia
- Materials
and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
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8
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Effects of copolymer composition, film thickness, and solvent vapor annealing time on dewetting of ultrathin block copolymer films. J Colloid Interface Sci 2016; 478:236-45. [PMID: 27309943 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2016.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Effects of copolymer composition, film thickness, and solvent vapor annealing time on dewetting of spin-coated polystyrene-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PS-b-PMMA) films (<20nm thick) were mainly investigated by atomic force microscopy. Surface chemical analysis of the ultrathin films annealed for different times were performed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and contact angle measurement. With the annealing of acetone vapor, dewetting of the films with different thicknesses occur via the spinodal dewetting and the nucleation and growth mechanisms, respectively. The PS-b-PMMA films rupture into droplets which first coalesce into large ones to reduce the surface free energy. Then the large droplets rupture into small ones to increase the contact area between PMMA blocks and acetone molecules resulting from ultimate migration of PMMA blocks to droplet surface, which is a novel dewetting process observed in spin-coated films for the first time.
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9
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Zhang H, Xu L, Lai Y, Shi T. Influence of film structure on the dewetting kinetics of thin polymer films in the solvent annealing process. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:16310-6. [PMID: 27254136 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp02447e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
On a non-wetting solid substrate, the solvent annealing process of a thin polymer film includes the swelling process and the dewetting process. Owing to difficulties in the in situ analysis of the two processes simultaneously, a quantitative study on the solvent annealing process of thin polymer films on the non-wetting solid substrate is extremely rare. In this paper, we design an experimental method by combining spectroscopic ellipsometry with optical microscopy to achieve the simultaneous in situ study. Using this method, we investigate the influence of the structure of swollen film on its dewetting kinetics during the solvent annealing process. The results show that for a thin PS film with low Mw (Mw = 4.1 kg mol(-1)), acetone molecules can form an ultrathin enriched layer between the PS film and the solid substrate during the swelling process. The presence of the acetone enriched layer accounts for the exponential kinetic behavior in the case of a thin PS film with low Mw. However, the acetone enriched layer is not observed in the case of a thin PS film with high Mw (Mw = 400 kg mol(-1)) and the slippage effect of polymer chains is valid during the dewetting process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China.
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Sachan P, Kulkarni M, Sharma A. Hierarchical Micro/Nano Structures by Combined Self-Organized Dewetting and Photopatterning of Photoresist Thin Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:12505-12511. [PMID: 26488849 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b02977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Photoresists are the materials of choice for micro/nanopatterning and device fabrication but are rarely used as a self-assembly material. We report for the first time a novel interplay of self-assembly and photolithography for fabrication of hierarchical and ordered micro/nano structures. We create self-organized structures by the intensified dewetting of unstable thin (∼10 nm to 1 μm) photoresist films by annealing them in an optimal solvent and nonsolvent liquid mixture that allows spontaneous dewetting to form micro/nano smooth dome-like structures. The density, size (∼100 nm to millimeters), and curvature/contact angle of the dome/droplet structures are controlled by the film thickness, composition of the dewetting liquid, and time of annealing. Ordered dewetted structures are obtained simply by creating spatial variation of viscosity by ultraviolet exposure or by photopatterning before dewetting. Further, the structures thus fabricated are readily photopatterned again on the finer length scales after dewetting. We illustrate the approach by fabricating several three-dimensional structures of varying complexity with secondary and tertiary features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Sachan
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Center for Nanosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur , Kanpur, India 208016
| | - Manish Kulkarni
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Center for Nanosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur , Kanpur, India 208016
| | - Ashutosh Sharma
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Center for Nanosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur , Kanpur, India 208016
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11
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Residual stress relaxation and stiffness in spin-coated polymer films: Characterization by ellipsometry and fluorescence. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Cheng G, Perahia D. Dewetting and microphase separation in symmetric polystyrene‐
block
‐polyisoprene diblock copolymer ultrathin films. POLYM INT 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Cheng
- College of Life Science and Technology Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Chemistry Department Clemson University SC 29634 USA
| | - Dvora Perahia
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Chemistry Department Clemson University SC 29634 USA
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13
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Harano K, Okada S, Furukawa S, Tanaka H, Nakamura E. Formation of a polycrystalline film of donor material on PEDOT:PSS buffer induced by crystal nucleation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.23493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Harano
- Department of Chemistry; The University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Satoshi Okada
- Department of Chemistry; The University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Shunsuke Furukawa
- Department of Chemistry; The University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Hideyuki Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry; The University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Eiichi Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry; The University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
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Closa F, Raphaël E, Ziebert F. Electro-hydrodynamic instability of stressed viscoelastic polymer films. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2013; 36:124. [PMID: 24158265 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2013-13124-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We study the stability of a viscoelastic thin polymer film under two destabilization factors: the application of an electric field normal to the surface--as in typical electro-hydrodynamic destabilization experiments--and the presence of a frozen-in internal residual stress, stemming from the preparation process of the film, typically spin-coating. At the film-substrate interface we consider a general boundary condition, containing perfect gliding on slippery substrates, as well as perfect sticking of the film to the substrate as limiting cases. We show that the interplay of the two sources of stress, the viscoelasticity and the boundary condition, leads to a rich behavior, especially as far as the fastest growing wave number (or wavelength) is concerned. The latter determines the initial growth of the instability, and often also the final pattern obtained in small capacitor gaps, and is the main experimental observable.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Closa
- Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée - UMR 7600 LPTMC, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, 4 place Jussieu, 75252, Paris, France
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