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Longo R, Vertuccio L, Speranza V, Pantani R, Raimondo M, Calabrese E, Guadagno L. Nanometric Mechanical Behavior of Electrospun Membranes Loaded with Magnetic Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1252. [PMID: 37049345 PMCID: PMC10097362 DOI: 10.3390/nano13071252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
This work analyzes on nanoscale spatial domains the mechanical features of electrospun membranes of Polycaprolactone (PCL) loaded with Functionalized Magnetite Nanoparticles (FMNs) produced via an electrospinning process. Thermal and structural analyses demonstrate that FMNs affect the PCL crystallinity and its melting temperature. HarmoniX-Atomic Force Microscopy (H-AFM), a modality suitable to map the elastic modulus on nanometric domains of the sample surface, evidences that the FMNs affect the local mechanical properties of the membranes. The mechanical modulus increases when the tip reveals the magnetite nanoparticles. That allows accurate mapping of the FMNs distribution along the nanofibers mat through the analysis of a mechanical parameter. Local mechanical modulus values are also affected by the crystallinity degree of PCL influenced by the filler content. The crystallinity increases for a low filler percentage (<5 wt.%), while, higher magnetite amounts tend to hinder the crystallization of the polymer, which manifests a lower crystallinity. H-AFM analysis confirms this trend, showing that the distribution of local mechanical values is a function of the filler amount and crystallinity of the fibers hosting the filler. The bulk mechanical properties of the membranes, evaluated through tensile tests, are strictly related to the nanometric features of the complex nanocomposite system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Longo
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (R.L.); (V.S.); (R.P.); (M.R.); (E.C.)
| | - Luigi Vertuccio
- Department of Engineering, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa, Italy;
| | - Vito Speranza
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (R.L.); (V.S.); (R.P.); (M.R.); (E.C.)
| | - Roberto Pantani
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (R.L.); (V.S.); (R.P.); (M.R.); (E.C.)
| | - Marialuigia Raimondo
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (R.L.); (V.S.); (R.P.); (M.R.); (E.C.)
| | - Elisa Calabrese
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (R.L.); (V.S.); (R.P.); (M.R.); (E.C.)
| | - Liberata Guadagno
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (R.L.); (V.S.); (R.P.); (M.R.); (E.C.)
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Antibacterial Activity of Solvothermally Synthesized PVP/EDTA Encapsulated Zinc Sulphide Nanoparticles Embedded in Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) Electrospun Nanofibers. J CLUST SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-022-02353-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Erdem Ç, Isık T, Horzum N, Hazer B, Demir MM. Electrospinning of Fatty Acid‐Based and Metal Incorporated Polymers for the Fabrication of Eco‐Friendly Fibers. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Çaǧlar Erdem
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering İzmir Institute of Technology İzmir Turkey
| | - Tuǧba Isık
- Department of Mineral Analysis and Technologies General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration Ankara Turkey
| | - Nesrin Horzum
- Department of Engineering Sciences İzmir Katip Celebi University İzmir Turkey
| | - Baki Hazer
- Department of Aircraft Airflame Engine Maintenance Kapadokya University Ürgüp Nevşehir Turkey
- Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University Department of Chemistry Zonguldak Turkey
| | - Mustafa M. Demir
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering İzmir Institute of Technology İzmir Turkey
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Jia Y, Sciutto G, Mazzeo R, Samorì C, Focarete ML, Prati S, Gualandi C. Organogel Coupled with Microstructured Electrospun Polymeric Nonwovens for the Effective Cleaning of Sensitive Surfaces. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:39620-39629. [PMID: 32820898 PMCID: PMC8009474 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c09543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels and organogels are widely used as cleaning materials, especially when a controlled solvent release is necessary to prevent substrate damage. This situation is often encountered in the personal care and electronic components fields and represents a challenge in restoration, where the removal of a thin layer of aged varnish from a painting may compromise the integrity of the painting itself. There is an urgent need for new and effective cleaning materials capable of controlling and limiting the use of solvents, achieving at the same time high cleaning efficacy. In this paper, new sandwich-like composites that fully address these requirements are developed by using an organogel (poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) + γ-valerolactone) in the core and two external layers of electrospun nonwovens made of continuous submicrometric fibers produced by electrospinning (either poly(vinyl alcohol) or polyamide 6,6). The new composite materials exhibit an extremely efficient cleaning action that results in the complete elimination of the varnish layer with a minimal amount of solvent adsorbed by the painting layer after the treatment. This demonstrates that the combined materials exert a superficial action that is of utmost importance to safeguard the painting. Moreover, we found that the electrospun nonwoven layers act as mechanically reinforcement components, greatly improving the bending resistance of organogels and their handling. The characterization of these innovative cleaning materials allowed us to propose a mechanism to explain their action: electrospun fibers play the leading role by slowing down the diffusion of the solvent and by conferring to the entire composite a microstructured rough superficial morphology, enabling to achieve outstanding cleaning performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Jia
- Department
of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, Microchemistry and Microscopy
Art Diagnostic Laboratory (M2ADL), University
of Bologna, Via Guaccimanni 42, 48121 Ravenna, Italy
- Chongqing
Cultural Heritage Research Institute, 400013 Chongqing, China
| | - Giorgia Sciutto
- Department
of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, Microchemistry and Microscopy
Art Diagnostic Laboratory (M2ADL), University
of Bologna, Via Guaccimanni 42, 48121 Ravenna, Italy
| | - Rocco Mazzeo
- Department
of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, Microchemistry and Microscopy
Art Diagnostic Laboratory (M2ADL), University
of Bologna, Via Guaccimanni 42, 48121 Ravenna, Italy
| | - Chiara Samorì
- Department
of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via Sant’Alberto 163, 48123 Ravenna, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Focarete
- Department
of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician” and INSTM UdR of Bologna, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Health
Sciences & Technologies (HST) CIRI, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 41/E, 40064 Ozzano Emilia Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Prati
- Department
of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, Microchemistry and Microscopy
Art Diagnostic Laboratory (M2ADL), University
of Bologna, Via Guaccimanni 42, 48121 Ravenna, Italy
| | - Chiara Gualandi
- Department
of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician” and INSTM UdR of Bologna, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Interdepartmental
Center for Industrial Research on Advanced Applications in Mechanical
Engineering and Materials Technology, CIRI-MAM, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento, 2, 40136 Bologna, Italy
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Di Gesù R, Gualandi C, Zucchelli A, Liguori A, Paltrinieri L, Focarete ML. Biodegradable electrospun fibers enriched with struvite crystal seeds for the recovery of phosphorous and nitrogen. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.109389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Pawłowska S, Kowalewski TA, Pierini F. Fibrous polymer nanomaterials for biomedical applications and their transport by fluids: an overview. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:8421-8444. [PMID: 30339174 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm01269e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, there has been strong interest in the development of new micro- and nanomaterials for biomedical applications. Their use in the form of capsules, particles or filaments suspended in body fluids is associated with conformational changes and hydrodynamic interactions responsible for their transport. The dynamics of fibres or other long objects in Poiseuille flow is one of the fundamental problems in a variety of biomedical contexts, such as mobility of proteins, dynamics of DNA or other biological polymers, cell movement, tissue engineering, and drug delivery. In this review, we discuss several important applications of micro and nanoobjects in this field and try to understand the problems of their transport in flow resulting from material-environment interactions in typical, crowded, and complex biological fluids. Our aim is to elucidate the relationship between the nano- and microscopic structures of elongated polymer particles and their flow properties, thus opening the possibility to design nanoobjects that can be efficiently transported by body fluids for targeted drug release or local tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pawłowska
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5B, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
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Sang Q, Li H, Williams G, Wu H, Zhu LM. Core-shell poly(lactide-co-ε-caprolactone)-gelatin fiber scaffolds as pH-sensitive drug delivery systems. J Biomater Appl 2018; 32:1105-1118. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328217749962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Dual-drug-loaded pH-responsive fiber scaffolds were successfully prepared by coaxial electrospinning. These were designed with the aim of being sutured into the resection site after tumor removal, to aid recovery and prevent cancer recurrence. The shell was made up of a mixture of gelatin and sodium bicarbonate (added to provide pH-sensitivity), and was loaded with the anti-inflammatory drug ciprofloxacin; the core comprised poly(lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) with the chemotherapeutic doxorubicin hydrochloride. Scanning electron microscopy revealed most fibers were smooth and homogeneous. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated the presence of a clear core/shell structure. The fiber scaffolds were further characterized using infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, which proved that both drugs were present in the fibers in the amorphous form. The gelatin shells were cross-linked with glutaraldehyde to enhance their stability, and water contact angle measurements used to confirm they remained hydrophilic after this process, with angles between 10 and 35°. This is important for onward applications, since a hydrophilic surface is known to encourage cell proliferation. During in vitro drug release studies, a rapid and acid-responsive release of ciprofloxacin was seen, accompanied by sustained and long-term doxorubicin release. Both the release profiles and the mechanical strength of the fibers can effectively be tuned through the sodium bicarbonate content of the fibers: for instance, the break stress varies from 2.00 MPa to 2.57 MPa with an increase in sodium bicarbonate content. The pH values of aqueous media exposed to the scaffolds decrease only slightly, by less than 0.5 pH units, over the two-month timescale, suggesting that only minimal fiber degradation occurs during this time. The fiber scaffolds also have good biocompatibility, as revealed by in vitro cytotoxicity experiments. Overall, our results demonstrate that the novel scaffolds reported here are promising pH-sensitive drug delivery systems, and may be candidates for use after tumor resection surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Sang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Heyu Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gareth Williams
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, UK
| | - Huanling Wu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Min Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
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