1
|
Nucleoside Analogue Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Improve Clinical Outcome in Transcriptional Active Human Parvovirus B19-Positive Patients. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10091928. [PMID: 33946917 PMCID: PMC8125167 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10091928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) is the predominant cardiotropic virus associated with dilated inflammatory cardiomyopathy (DCMi). Transcriptionally active cardiotropic B19V infection is clinically relevant and triggers adverse long-term mortality. During the study; we evaluated whether antiviral treatment with the nucleoside analogue telbivudine (LTD) is effective in suppressing transcriptional active B19V in endomyocardial biopsies (EMBs) of B19V positive patients and improving clinical outcomes. Seventeen B19V-positive patients (13 male; mean age 45.7 ± 13.9 years; mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) 37.7 ± 13.5%) with positive B19V DNA and transcriptional activity (B19V mRNA) in EMBs were treated with 600 mg/d LTD over a period of six months. Patients underwent EMBs before and after termination of the LTD treatment. B19V RNA copy numbers remained unchanged in 3/17 patients (non-responder) and declined or disappeared completely in the remaining 14/17 patients (responder) (p ≤ 0.0001). Notably; LVEF improvement was more significant in patients who reduced or lost B19V RNA (responder; p = 0.02) in contrast to non-responders (p = 0.7). In parallel; responder patients displayed statistically significant improvement in quality of life (QoL) questionnaires (p = 0.03) and dyspnea on exertion (p = 0.0006), reflecting an improvement in New York Heart Association (NYHA) Classification (p = 0.001). Our findings demonstrated for the first time that suppression of B19V transcriptional activity by LTD treatment improved hemodynamic and clinical outcome significantly. Thus; the present study substantiates the clinical relevance of detecting B19V transcriptional activity of the myocardium.
Collapse
|
2
|
Kishore J. Real time PCR reconfirmed three novel clinical associations of parvovirus B19: Non-occlusive bowel gangrene, amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia & myositis. Indian J Med Res 2016; 142:88-9. [PMID: 26261172 PMCID: PMC4557257 DOI: 10.4103/0971-5916.162132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Janak Kishore
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226 014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Brodin-Sartorius A, Mekki Y, Bloquel B, Rabant M, Legendre C. [Parvovirus B19 infection after kidney transplantation]. Nephrol Ther 2011; 8:5-12. [PMID: 21757415 DOI: 10.1016/j.nephro.2011.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2010] [Revised: 06/06/2011] [Accepted: 06/13/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Prevalence for human parvovirus B19 infection is estimated to be between 2% and 30% in renal transplant recipients. In post-transplant settings, parvovirus B19 infection may occur either as a primary infection or a reactivation. Parvovirus transmission most commonly occurs through respiratory tract but may also result from graft or blood packs contamination. Co-infections with HHV-6 and CMV viruses are frequent. The hallmark symptom is anemia, more rarely pancytopenia and hemophagocytic syndrome. In respect to renal involvement, parvovirus B19 infection has been associated with graft dysfunction in 10% of cases. Both thrombotic microangiopathies and collapsing glomerulopathies have been reported concomitantly with parvovirus B19 infection but the causal link remains unclear. Other complications are seldomly reported, including hepatitis, encephalitis, and myocarditis. Diagnosis is based on pre and post-transplant serological status. In addition, the management of parvovirus B19 infection in immunocompromised patients requires quantitative assessment of blood viral load by PCR. The treatment relies primarily on reduction of immunosuppression combined with intravenous immunoglobulin infusions. Relapses occur in 30% of cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Albane Brodin-Sartorius
- Service de transplantation rénale adulte, université Paris-Descartes, hôpital Necker, 149-161, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pozzuto T, von Kietzell K, Bock T, Schmidt-Lucke C, Poller W, Zobel T, Lassner D, Zeichhardt H, Weger S, Fechner H. Transactivation of human parvovirus B19 gene expression in endothelial cells by adenoviral helper functions. Virology 2011; 411:50-64. [PMID: 21236463 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2010.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2010] [Revised: 12/06/2010] [Accepted: 12/13/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) DNA is highly prevalent in endothelial cells lining up intramyocardial arterioles and postcapillary venules of patients with chronic myocarditis and cardiomyopathies. We addressed the question of a possible stimulation of B19V gene expression in endothelial cells by infection with adenoviruses. Adenovirus infection led to a strong augmentation of B19V structural and nonstructural proteins in individual endothelial cells infected with B19V or transfected with an infectious B19V genome. Transactivation was mostly mediated at the level of transcription and not due to adenovirus-mediated induction of second-strand synthesis from the single-stranded parvoviral genome. The main adenoviral functions required were E1A and E4orf6, which displayed synergistic effects. Furthermore, a limited B19V genome replication could be demonstrated in endothelial cells and adenovirus infection induced the appearance of putative dimeric replication intermediates. Thus the almost complete block in B19V gene expression seen in endothelial cells can be abrogated by infection with other viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Pozzuto
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12200 Berlin, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
Infection with parvovirus B19 causes several clinical syndromes (fifth disease, transient aplastic crisis, pure red cell aplasia, and hydrops fetalis) and may contribute to other illnesses. B19 has been linked to renal disease in three settings: As a cause of acute glomerulopathy and as a cause of anemia in ESRD and kidney transplantation. Case reports implicate parvovirus in the pathogenesis of proliferative glomerulonephritis and collapsing glomerulopathy, but a causal relationship has not been established. A proposed role for B19 infection is based on the temporal association of renal findings with viral infection, positive serology, and identification of the viral genome in the glomerulus. Mechanisms may include cytopathic effects on glomerular epithelial cells and/or endothelial cells and glomerular deposition of immune complexes. Patients who require dialysis may have increased susceptibility to acute and chronic anemia after parvoviral infection. Factors that predispose this population to complications of B19 infection include impaired immune response, deficient erythropoietin production, and possibly decreased erythrocyte survival. The clinical burden of parvovirus B19 infection in renal transplant recipients may be underestimated; these individuals may develop persistent viremia as a result of a dysfunctional immune response. Chronic anemia and pure red blood cell aplasia are the most common complications of parvovirus infection in this population; the diagnosis should be considered in transplant recipients with unexplained anemia or pancytopenia. Allograft rejection and dysfunction have been reported in association with infection, but a cause-effect relationship has not been proved. Further investigation of the relationship between B19 and kidney disease is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meryl Waldman
- Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1268, USA. merylw@.niddk.nih.gov
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Toan NL, Duechting A, Kremsner PG, Song LH, Ebinger M, Aberle S, Binh VQ, Duy DN, Torresi J, Kandolf R, Bock CT. Phylogenetic analysis of human parvovirus B19, indicating two subgroups of genotype 1 in Vietnamese patients. J Gen Virol 2006; 87:2941-2949. [PMID: 16963753 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.82037-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, three distinct genotypes (1, 2 and 3) of human parvovirus B19 (B19) have been identified. However, the characteristics and distribution of B19 genotypes in Vietnam have not been investigated. Phylogenetic analysis using 49 subgenomic NS1/VP1u regions and two coding NS1-VP1/VP2 regions has been applied to investigate the prevalence of B19 genotypes in Vietnamese patients co-infected with Hepatitis B virus. Genetic analysis of the subgenomic NS1/VP1u region of B19 revealed that two genotypes of B19 were identified in these populations, with predominance of genotype 1 (47/49, 96 %) followed by genotype 2 (2/49, 4 %), but not genotype 3. Further, phylogenetic analysis of subgenomic B19 genomes revealed two major subgroups within genotype 1 (B19-1A and B19-1B) with an estimated nucleotide difference of >5 % between each subgroup, forming different branches. The mean percentage of amino acid variation between subgroup B19-1A and B19-1B was >2 % of the NS1, VP1 and VP2 proteins. Our results indicated that two of the three known genotypes of B19 were present in Vietnamese patients, with genotype 1 predominating, and that this genotype can be classified into at least two subgroups, B19-1A and B19-1B.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen L Toan
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anja Duechting
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter G Kremsner
- Medical Research Unit, Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Lambarene, Gabon
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Le H Song
- Tran Hung Dao Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Martin Ebinger
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Children's Hospital, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Susanne Aberle
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | | | | | - Joseph Torresi
- Department of Medicine, Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, Centre for Clinical Research Excellence, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Reinhard Kandolf
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - C-Thomas Bock
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lupescu A, Bock CT, Lang PA, Aberle S, Kaiser H, Kandolf R, Lang F. Phospholipase A2 activity-dependent stimulation of Ca2+ entry by human parvovirus B19 capsid protein VP1. J Virol 2006; 80:11370-80. [PMID: 16956939 PMCID: PMC1642163 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01041-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent reports demonstrated an association of human parvovirus B19 with inflammatory cardiomyopathy (iCMP), which is accompanied by endothelial dysfunction. As intracellular Ca(2+) activity is a key regulator of cell function and participates in mechanisms leading to endothelial dysfunction, the present experiments explored the effects of the B19 capsid proteins VP1 and VP2. A secreted phospholipase A2 (PLA2)-like activity has been located in the VP1 unique region of the B19 minor capsid protein. As PLA2 has recently been shown to activate the store-operated or capacitative Ca(2+) channel I(CRAC), we analyzed the impact of the viral PLA2 motif on Ca(2+) entry. We cloned the VP1 and VP2 genes isolated from a patient suffering from fatal B19 iCMP into eukaryotic expression vectors. We also generated a B19 replication-competent plasmid to demonstrate PLA2 activity under the control of the complete B19 genome. After the transfection of human endothelial cells (HMEC-1), cytosolic Ca(2+) activity was determined by utilizing Fura-2 fluorescence. VP1 and VP2 expression did not significantly modify basal cytosolic Ca(2+) activity or the decline of cytosolic Ca(2+) activity following the removal of extracellular Ca(2+). However, expression of VP1 and of the full-length B19 clone, but not of VP2, significantly accelerated the increase of cytosolic Ca(2+) activity following the readdition of extracellular Ca(2+) in the presence of thapsigargin, indicating an activation of I(CRAC.) The effect of VP1 was mimicked by the PLA2 product lysophosphatidylcholine and abolished by an inactivating mutation of the PLA2-encoding region of the VP1 gene. Our observations point to the activation of Ca(2+) entry by VP1 PLA2 activity, an effect likely participating in the pathophysiology of B19 infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Lupescu
- Physiologisches Institut, der Universität Tübingen, Gmelinstr. 5, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Toan NL, Song LH, Kremsner PG, Duy DN, Binh VQ, Duechting A, Kaiser H, Torresi J, Kandolf R, Bock CT. Co-infection of human parvovirus B19 in Vietnamese patients with hepatitis B virus infection. J Hepatol 2006; 45:361-9. [PMID: 16684578 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2006.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2005] [Revised: 02/27/2006] [Accepted: 03/12/2006] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Human parvovirus B19 (B19) has been identified in the serum of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infected patients. However, the effect of B19-infection on the course of HBV-associated liver disease has not previously been investigated. We examined the prevalence of B19-DNA in HBV-infected Vietnamese patients and analysed the association between co-infection and the clinical outcome of HBV-infection. METHODS Serum samples from 399 HBV-infected patients and 64 healthy individuals were analysed for the presence of B19-DNA by PCR and DNA-sequencing. RESULTS B19-DNA was detected in 99/463 (21.4%) individuals. The proportion of HBV-infected patients who were also co-infected with B19 was higher than the healthy controls (P<0.001). B19-DNA was detected more frequently in patients with HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma compared to patients with acute and chronic HBV, HBV-associated liver cirrhosis and healthy subjects (P<0.006). A positive correlation was also found between B19-DNA loads and both serum HBV-DNA loads and alanine aminotransferase (rho>0.250 and P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that B19-infection is frequent in HBV-infected Vietnamese patients. Also, a significant correlation exists between HBV/B19 co-infection and a greater likelihood of progression to more severe hepatitis B-associated liver disease. Further studies are required to determine the role of B19-infection on HBV-associated pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen L Toan
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|