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Khazhiev SY, Khusainov MA, Khalikov RA, Kataev VA, Tyumkina TV, Meshcheryakova ES, Khalilov LM, Kuznetsov VV. Structure and Conformational Analysis of 5,5-Bis(bromomethyl)-2-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-1,3-dioxane. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428021080054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Kuramshina AE, Khalikov RA, Kataev VA, Tyumkina TV, Meshcheryakova ES, Khalilov LM, Kuznetsov VV. Structure and Conformational Analysis of
5-Methyl-2,2-diphenyl-1,3-dioxane. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428020100152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Kuznetsov V. Stereochemistry of Simple Molecules inside Nanotubes and Fullerenes: Unusual Behavior of Usual Systems. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25102437. [PMID: 32456128 PMCID: PMC7287839 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25102437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past three decades, carbon nanotubes and fullerenes have become remarkable objects for starting the implementation of new models and technologies in different branches of science. To a great extent, this is defined by the unique electronic and spatial properties of nanocavities due to the ramified π-electron systems. This provides an opportunity for the formation of endohedral complexes containing non-covalently bonded atoms or molecules inside fullerenes and nanotubes. The guest species are exposed to the force field of the nanocavity, which can be described as a combination of electronic and steric requirements. Its action significantly changes conformational properties of even relatively simple molecules, including ethane and its analogs, as well as compounds with C-O, C-S, B-B, B-O, B-N, N-N, Al-Al, Si-Si and Ge-Ge bonds. Besides that, the cavity of the host molecule dramatically alters the stereochemical characteristics of cyclic and heterocyclic systems, affects the energy of pyramidal nitrogen inversion in amines, changes the relative stability of cis and trans isomers and, in the case of chiral nanotubes, strongly influences the properties of R- and S- enantiomers. The present review aims at primary compilation of such unusual stereochemical effects and initial evaluation of the nature of the force field inside nanotubes and fullerenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerij Kuznetsov
- Ufa State Aviation Technical University, K. Marksa, 12, Ufa 450008, Russia;
- Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Kosmonavtov, 1, Ufa 450062, Russia
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Kawamoto T, Oritani K, Curran DP, Kamimura A. Thiol-Catalyzed Radical Decyanation of Aliphatic Nitriles with Sodium Borohydride. Org Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b00626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takuji Kawamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8611, Japan
| | - Kyohei Oritani
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8611, Japan
| | - Dennis P. Curran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Akio Kamimura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8611, Japan
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Smith AJ, Young A, Rohrbach S, O'Connor EF, Allison M, Wang HS, Poole DL, Tuttle T, Murphy JA. Electron-Transfer and Hydride-Transfer Pathways in the Stoltz-Grubbs Reducing System (KOtBu/Et3SiH). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201707914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Smith
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry; University of Strathclyde; 295 Cathedral Street Glasgow G1 1XL UK
| | - Allan Young
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry; University of Strathclyde; 295 Cathedral Street Glasgow G1 1XL UK
| | - Simon Rohrbach
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry; University of Strathclyde; 295 Cathedral Street Glasgow G1 1XL UK
| | - Erin F. O'Connor
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry; University of Strathclyde; 295 Cathedral Street Glasgow G1 1XL UK
| | - Mark Allison
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry; University of Strathclyde; 295 Cathedral Street Glasgow G1 1XL UK
| | - Hong-Shuang Wang
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry; University of Strathclyde; 295 Cathedral Street Glasgow G1 1XL UK
| | - Darren L. Poole
- Flexible Discovery Unit; GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre; Gunnels Wood Road Stevenage SG1 2NY UK
| | - Tell Tuttle
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry; University of Strathclyde; 295 Cathedral Street Glasgow G1 1XL UK
| | - John A. Murphy
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry; University of Strathclyde; 295 Cathedral Street Glasgow G1 1XL UK
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Smith AJ, Young A, Rohrbach S, O'Connor EF, Allison M, Wang HS, Poole DL, Tuttle T, Murphy JA. Electron-Transfer and Hydride-Transfer Pathways in the Stoltz-Grubbs Reducing System (KOtBu/Et 3 SiH). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:13747-13751. [PMID: 28892585 PMCID: PMC5656899 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201707914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies by Stoltz, Grubbs et al. have shown that triethylsilane and potassium tert-butoxide react to form a highly attractive and versatile system that shows (reversible) silylation of arenes and heteroarenes as well as reductive cleavage of C-O bonds in aryl ethers and C-S bonds in aryl thioethers. Their extensive mechanistic studies indicate a complex network of reactions with a number of possible intermediates and mechanisms, but their reactions likely feature silyl radicals undergoing addition reactions and SH 2 reactions. This paper focuses on the same system, but through computational and experimental studies, reports complementary facets of its chemistry based on a) single-electron transfer (SET), and b) hydride delivery reactions to arenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Smith
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Allan Young
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Simon Rohrbach
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Erin F O'Connor
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Mark Allison
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Hong-Shuang Wang
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Darren L Poole
- Flexible Discovery Unit, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Tell Tuttle
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - John A Murphy
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
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7
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Mattalia JMR. The reductive decyanation reaction: an overview and recent developments. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:267-284. [PMID: 28326136 PMCID: PMC5331330 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This review presents an overview of the reductive decyanation reaction with a special interest for recent developments. This transformation allows synthetic chemists to take advantages of the nitrile functional group before its removal. Mechanistic details and applications to organic synthesis are provided.
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Bredenkamp A, Wegener M, Hummel S, Häring AP, Kirsch SF. Versatile process for the stereodiverse construction of 1,3-polyols: iterative chain elongation with chiral building blocks. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:1875-8. [PMID: 26673147 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc09328g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A versatile process for the construction of 1,3-polyols, a key structural element of polyketide-type natural products, is presented. The modular synthesis strategy involves the iterative chain elongation with novel four-carbon building blocks to access all possible stereoisomers of a growing 1,3-polyol chain. These chiral building blocks are designed to install four carbon atoms with two stereogenic centres by performing only four experimentally simple steps per elongation cycle, thus making these building blocks attractive for the realization of a universal platform from which to access a diverse range of polyketidic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Bredenkamp
- Organic Chemistry, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Michael Wegener
- Organic Chemistry, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Sara Hummel
- Organic Chemistry, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Andreas P Häring
- Organic Chemistry, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Stefan F Kirsch
- Organic Chemistry, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
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Too PC, Chan GH, Tnay YL, Hirao H, Chiba S. Hydride Reduction by a Sodium Hydride-Iodide Composite. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201600305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pei Chui Too
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Guo Hao Chan
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Ya Lin Tnay
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Hajime Hirao
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Shunsuke Chiba
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 637371 Singapore
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Too PC, Chan GH, Tnay YL, Hirao H, Chiba S. Hydride Reduction by a Sodium Hydride-Iodide Composite. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:3719-23. [PMID: 26878823 PMCID: PMC4797714 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201600305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sodium hydride (NaH) is widely used as a Brønsted base in chemical synthesis and reacts with various Brønsted acids, whereas it rarely behaves as a reducing reagent through delivery of the hydride to polar π electrophiles. This study presents a series of reduction reactions of nitriles, amides, and imines as enabled by NaH in the presence of LiI or NaI. This remarkably simple protocol endows NaH with unprecedented and unique hydride‐donor chemical reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Chui Too
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Guo Hao Chan
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Ya Lin Tnay
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Hajime Hirao
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.
| | - Shunsuke Chiba
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.
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Bredenkamp A, Zhu ZB, Kirsch SF. A Chiral Building Block for the Stereocontrolled Installation of the 1,3-Diol Motif. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201501325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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12
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Design and synthesis of chiral Zn2+ complexes mimicking natural aldolases for catalytic C-C bond forming reactions in aqueous solution. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:2087-118. [PMID: 24481060 PMCID: PMC3958839 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15022087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Extending carbon frameworks via a series of C-C bond forming reactions is essential for the synthesis of natural products, pharmaceutically active compounds, active agrochemical ingredients, and a variety of functional materials. The application of stereoselective C-C bond forming reactions to the one-pot synthesis of biorelevant compounds is now emerging as a challenging and powerful strategy for improving the efficiency of a chemical reaction, in which some of the reactants are subjected to successive chemical reactions in just one reactor. However, organic reactions are generally conducted in organic solvents, as many organic molecules, reagents, and intermediates are not stable or soluble in water. In contrast, enzymatic reactions in living systems proceed in aqueous solvents, as most of enzymes generally function only within a narrow range of temperature and pH and are not so stable in less polar organic environments, which makes it difficult to conduct chemoenzymatic reactions in organic solvents. In this review, we describe the design and synthesis of chiral metal complexes with Zn2+ ions as a catalytic factor that mimic aldolases in stereoselective C-C bond forming reactions, especially for enantioselective aldol reactions. Their application to chemoenzymatic reactions in aqueous solution is also presented.
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Schleicher KD, Jamison TF. A reductive coupling strategy towards ripostatin A. Beilstein J Org Chem 2013; 9:1533-50. [PMID: 23946853 PMCID: PMC3740708 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.9.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic studies on the antibiotic natural product ripostatin A have been carried out with the aim to construct the C9-C10 bond by a nickel(0)-catalyzed coupling reaction of an enyne and an epoxide, followed by rearrangement of the resulting dienylcyclopropane intermediate to afford the skipped 1,4,7-triene. A cyclopropyl enyne fragment corresponding to C1-C9 has been synthesized in high yield and demonstrated to be a competent substrate for the nickel(0)-catalyzed coupling with a model epoxide. Several synthetic approaches toward the C10-C26 epoxide have been pursued. The C13 stereocenter can be set by allylation and reductive decyanation of a cyanohydrin acetonide. A mild, fluoride-promoted decarboxylation enables construction of the C15-C16 bond by an aldol reaction. The product of this transformation is of the correct oxidation state and potentially three steps removed from the targeted epoxide fragment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin D Schleicher
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Timothy F Jamison
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
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Sonoike S, Itakura T, Kitamura M, Aoki S. One-pot chemoenzymatic synthesis of chiral 1,3-diols using an enantioselective aldol reaction with chiral Zn2+ complex catalysts and enzymatic reduction using oxidoreductases with cofactor regeneration. Chem Asian J 2011; 7:64-74. [PMID: 22174123 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201100584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported on enantioselective aldol reactions of acetone and some aldehydes catalyzed by chiral Zn(2+) complexes of L-prolyl-pendant [12]aneN(4) (L-ZnL(1)) and L-valyl-pendant [12]aneN(4) (L-ZnL(2)) in aqueous solution. Here, we report on the one-pot chemoenzymatic synthesis of chiral 1,3-diols in an aqueous solvent system at room temperature by a combination of enantioselective aldol reactions catalyzed by Zn(2+) complexes of L- and D-phenylalanyl-pendant [12]aneN(4) (L-ZnL(3) and D-ZnL(3) ) and the successive enantioselective reduction of the aldol products using oxidoreductases with the regeneration of the NADH (reduced form of nicotinamine adenine dinucleotide) cofactor. The findings indicate that all four stereoisomers of 1,3-diols can be produced by appropriate selection of a chiral Zn(2+)-complex and an oxidoreductase commercially available from the "Chiralscreen OH" kit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shotaro Sonoike
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Yamazaki, Noda, Japan
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A simple entry into 1,3-diols from (R)-2,3-cyclohexylideneglyceraldehyde: synthesis of (−)-galantinic acid. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2009.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Kadota I, Hu Y, Packard GK, Rychnovsky SD. A unified approach to polyene macrolides: synthesis of candidin and nystatin polyols. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004; 101:11992-5. [PMID: 15192147 PMCID: PMC514422 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0401552101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyene macrolide antibiotics are naturally occurring antifungal agents. Members of this class include amphotericin B, which has been used widely to treat systemic fungal infections. A general synthetic strategy has been devised to prepare polyol chains associated with the polyene macrolides. Cyanohydrin acetonide alkylations were used to assemble the carbon skeleton, and a simple modification of the strategy allowed an advanced intermediate to be converted to either the candidin polyol or the nystatin polyol. The candidin polyol was further elaborated to a protected candidin aglycone. This strategy will be applicable to other members of the polyene macrolide natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isao Kadota
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2025, USA
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