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Meng Z, Wang Y, Luo Y, Luo Z, Li L, Sha Y. Controllable Synthesis of Chain Center Dye-Labeled Star Polymers for Quantitative Examination of Interchain Conformation by Time-Resolved Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:19220-19227. [PMID: 39190808 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c02411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Using a "core-first" approach with atom transfer radical polymerization, fluorescent center-functional star polymers of equivalent molecular weight but with varying numbers of arms (di-, tri-, and tetra-arm) were prepared. The sensitivity of fluorescence, combined with a dye-labeling technique introducing a fluorescent donor (carbazole) and an acceptor (anthracene) at the center of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) chains, enabled the application of time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer to obtain quantitative insights into the conformation of the star polymer chains in the film state. When the results of star-branched polymers were compared with those of linear polymers of identical type and molecular weight, the impact of branching on polymer behavior was isolated for examination. Although the star topology does not alter the average intercoil distance, it affects the distance dispersity. Star polymers with higher arm numbers display decreased dispersity from distance due to reduced intermolecular aggregation at their geometric centers. This study presents the first spectroscopic evidence regarding the distribution of geometric centers in star polymers, offering a physical understanding of chain interpenetration and entanglement within star polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Meng
- Department of Chemistry and Material Science, College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Material Science, College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yanlong Luo
- Department of Chemistry and Material Science, College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Zhenyang Luo
- Department of Chemistry and Material Science, College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Linling Li
- Institute of Critical Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shenzhen Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Ye Sha
- Department of Chemistry and Material Science, College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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Zampetaki A, Yang Y, Löwen H, Royall CP. Dynamical order and many-body correlations in zebrafish show that three is a crowd. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2591. [PMID: 38519478 PMCID: PMC10959973 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46426-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish constitute a convenient laboratory-based biological system for studying collective behavior. It is possible to interpret a group of zebrafish as a system of interacting agents and to apply methods developed for the analysis of systems of active and even passive particles. Here, we consider the effect of group size. We focus on two- and many-body spatial correlations and dynamical order parameters to investigate the multistate behavior. For geometric reasons, the smallest group of fish which can exhibit this multistate behavior consisting of schooling, milling and swarming is three. We find that states exhibited by groups of three fish are similar to those of much larger groups, indicating that there is nothing more than a gradual change in weighting between the different states as the system size changes. Remarkably, when we consider small groups of fish sampled from a larger group, we find very little difference in the occupancy of the state with respect to isolated groups, nor is there much change in the spatial correlations between the fish. This indicates that fish interact predominantly with their nearest neighbors, perceiving the rest of the group as a fluctuating background. Therefore, the behavior of a crowd of fish is already apparent in groups of three fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Zampetaki
- Institute for Applied Physics, TU Wien, A-1040, Wien, Austria.
- Institut für Theoretische Physik: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Yushi Yang
- HH Wills Physics Laboratory, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK.
| | - Hartmut Löwen
- Institut für Theoretische Physik: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - C Patrick Royall
- Gulliver, UMR CNRS 7083, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, 75005, Paris, France.
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Sokhan VP, Seaton MA, Todorov IT. Phase behaviour of coarse-grained fluids. SOFT MATTER 2023. [PMID: 37470164 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00835e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Soft condensed matter structures often challenge us with complex many-body phenomena governed by collective modes spanning wide spatial and temporal domains. In order to successfully tackle such problems, mesoscopic coarse-grained (CG) statistical models are being developed, providing a dramatic reduction in computational complexity. CG models provide an intermediate step in the complex statistical framework of linking the thermodynamics of condensed phases with the properties of their constituent atoms and molecules. These allow us to offload part of the problem to the CG model itself and reformulate the remainder in terms of reduced CG phase space. However, such exchange of pawns to chess pieces, or 'Hamiltonian renormalization', is a radical step and the thermodynamics of the primary atomic and CG models could be quite distinct. Here, we present a comprehensive study of the phase diagram including binodal and interfacial properties of a dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) model, extended to include finite-range attraction to support the liquid-gas equilibrium. Despite the similarities with the atomic model potentials, its phase envelope is markedly different featuring several anomalies such as an unusually broad liquid range, change in concavity of the liquid coexistence branch with variation of the model parameters, volume contraction on fusion, temperature of maximum density in the liquid phase and negative thermal expansion in the solid phase. These results provide new insight into the connection between simple potential models and complex emergent condensed matter phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- V P Sokhan
- Scientific Computing Department, Science and Technology Facilities Council, STFC Daresbury Laboratory, Sci-Tech Daresbury, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, Cheshire WA4 4AD, UK.
| | - M A Seaton
- Scientific Computing Department, Science and Technology Facilities Council, STFC Daresbury Laboratory, Sci-Tech Daresbury, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, Cheshire WA4 4AD, UK.
| | - I T Todorov
- Scientific Computing Department, Science and Technology Facilities Council, STFC Daresbury Laboratory, Sci-Tech Daresbury, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, Cheshire WA4 4AD, UK.
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Allahyarov E, Löwen H, Denton AR. Structural correlations in highly asymmetric binary charged colloidal mixtures. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:15439-15451. [PMID: 35708479 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01343f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We explore structural correlations of strongly asymmetric mixtures of binary charged colloids within the primitive model of electrolytes considering large charge and size ratios of 10 and higher. Using computer simulations with explicit microions, we obtain the partial pair correlation functions between the like-charged colloidal macroions. Interestingly the big-small correlation peak amplitude is smaller than that of the big-big and small-small macroion correlation peaks, which is unfamiliar for additive repulsive interactions. Extracting optimal effective microion-averaged pair interactions between the macroions, we find that on top of non-additive Yukawa-like repulsions an additional shifted Gaussian attractive potential between the small macroions is needed to accurately reproduce their correct pair correlations. For small Coulomb couplings, the behavior is reproduced in a coarse-grained theory with microion-averaged effective interactions between the macroions. However, the accuracy of the theory deteriorates with increasing Coulomb coupling. We emphasize the relevance of entropic interactions exerted by the microions on the macroions. Our results are experimentally verifiable in binary mixtures of micron-sized colloids and like-charge nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elshad Allahyarov
- Theoretical Department, Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences (IVTAN), 13/19 Izhorskaya Street, Moscow 125412, Russia. .,Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.,Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7202, USA
| | - Hartmut Löwen
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alan R Denton
- Department of Physics, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, USA
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Sha Y, Qi D, Luo S, Sun X, Wang X, Xue G, Zhou D. Synthesis of Site-Specific Dye-Labeled Polymer via Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP) for Quantitative Characterization of the Well-Defined Interchain Distance. Macromol Rapid Commun 2016; 38. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201600568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Sha
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology (Nanjing University) Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructure; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 P. R. China
| | - Dongliang Qi
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology (Nanjing University) Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructure; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 P. R. China
| | - Shaochuan Luo
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology (Nanjing University) Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructure; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 P. R. China
| | - Xinghua Sun
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology (Nanjing University) Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructure; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoliang Wang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology (Nanjing University) Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructure; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 P. R. China
| | - Gi Xue
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology (Nanjing University) Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructure; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 P. R. China
| | - Dongshan Zhou
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology (Nanjing University) Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructure; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 P. R. China
- School of Physical Science and Technology; Xinjiang Key Laboratory and Phase Transitions and Microstructures in Condensed Matters; Yili Normal University; Yining 835000 P. R. China
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Menichetti R, D’Adamo G, Pelissetto A, Pierleoni C. Integral equation analysis of single-site coarse-grained models for polymer–colloid mixtures. Mol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2015.1039088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Menichetti
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma , Rome, Italy
- INFN , Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe D’Adamo
- SISSA , International School of Advanced Studies, Trieste, Italy
| | - Andrea Pelissetto
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma , Rome, Italy
- INFN , Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Pierleoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche, Università dell’Aquila and CNISM , L’Aquila, Italy
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Heinemann T, Palczynski K, Dzubiella J, Klapp SHL. Angle-resolved effective potentials for disk-shaped molecules. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:214110. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4902824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Heinemann
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Karol Palczynski
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstraße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin (HZB), Institute of Soft Matter and Functional Materials, Hahn-Meitner Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Dzubiella
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstraße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin (HZB), Institute of Soft Matter and Functional Materials, Hahn-Meitner Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabine H. L. Klapp
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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Reimer U, Zehl T, Wahab M, Schiller P, Mögel HJ. Protection of nano-powders by adsorbed surfactants: A Monte Carlo study. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2006.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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