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Zhao Y, Xu S, Yu Y, Liu H, Wang F, Na L, Yang Q, Zhang C, Zhang X. Preparation and Characterization of Soft-Hard Block Copolymer of 3,4-IP- b- s-1,2-PBD Using a Robust Iron-Based Catalyst System. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1172. [PMID: 38675091 PMCID: PMC11053549 DOI: 10.3390/polym16081172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
A series of well-defined diblock copolymers, namely, 3,4-polyisoprene-block-syndiotactic-1,2-polybutadiene (3,4-PI-b-s-1,2-PBD), with a soft-hard block sequence were synthesized via an in situ sequential polymerization process using a robust iron-based catalytic system Fe(acac)3/(isocyanoimino) triptenylphosphorane (IITP)/AliBu3. This catalyst exhibits vigorous activity and temperature tolerance, achieving a polymerization activity of 5.41 × 106 g mol(Fe)-1 h-1 at 70 °C with a [IP]/[Fe] ratio of 15,000. Moreover, the quasi-living polymerization characteristics of the catalyst were verified through kinetic experiments. The first-stage polymerization of isoprene (IP) is performed at 30 °C to give a soft 3,4-PI block, and then a quantitative amount of 1,3-butadiene was added in situ to the quasi-living polymerization system to produce a second hard s-1,2-PBD. The s-1,2-PBD segments in block copolymers display a rodlike morphology contrasting with the spherulitic morphology characteristic of s-1,2-PBD homopolymers. The precise tunability of the length of the soft and hard chain segments of these novel elastic materials with the feed ratio of IP and BD, endowing them with outstanding mechanical properties and excellent dynamic mechanical properties, which are expected to be promising high-performance rubber materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingnan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Rubber Material, Ministry of Education, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China; (Y.Z.); (S.X.); (Y.Y.); (H.L.); (L.N.); (Q.Y.); (X.Z.)
- Shandong Provincial College Laboratory of Rubber Material and Engineering, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
- Key Lab of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Rubber-Plastics, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Shiliang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Rubber Material, Ministry of Education, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China; (Y.Z.); (S.X.); (Y.Y.); (H.L.); (L.N.); (Q.Y.); (X.Z.)
- Shandong Provincial College Laboratory of Rubber Material and Engineering, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
- Key Lab of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Rubber-Plastics, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Yao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Rubber Material, Ministry of Education, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China; (Y.Z.); (S.X.); (Y.Y.); (H.L.); (L.N.); (Q.Y.); (X.Z.)
- Shandong Provincial College Laboratory of Rubber Material and Engineering, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
- Key Lab of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Rubber-Plastics, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Heng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Rubber Material, Ministry of Education, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China; (Y.Z.); (S.X.); (Y.Y.); (H.L.); (L.N.); (Q.Y.); (X.Z.)
- Shandong Provincial College Laboratory of Rubber Material and Engineering, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
- Key Lab of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Rubber-Plastics, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Rubber Material, Ministry of Education, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China; (Y.Z.); (S.X.); (Y.Y.); (H.L.); (L.N.); (Q.Y.); (X.Z.)
- Shandong Provincial College Laboratory of Rubber Material and Engineering, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
- Key Lab of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Rubber-Plastics, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Lihua Na
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Rubber Material, Ministry of Education, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China; (Y.Z.); (S.X.); (Y.Y.); (H.L.); (L.N.); (Q.Y.); (X.Z.)
- Shandong Provincial College Laboratory of Rubber Material and Engineering, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
- Key Lab of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Rubber-Plastics, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Rubber Material, Ministry of Education, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China; (Y.Z.); (S.X.); (Y.Y.); (H.L.); (L.N.); (Q.Y.); (X.Z.)
- Shandong Provincial College Laboratory of Rubber Material and Engineering, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
- Key Lab of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Rubber-Plastics, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Rubber Material, Ministry of Education, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China; (Y.Z.); (S.X.); (Y.Y.); (H.L.); (L.N.); (Q.Y.); (X.Z.)
- Shandong Provincial College Laboratory of Rubber Material and Engineering, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
- Key Lab of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Rubber-Plastics, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Xuequan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Rubber Material, Ministry of Education, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China; (Y.Z.); (S.X.); (Y.Y.); (H.L.); (L.N.); (Q.Y.); (X.Z.)
- Shandong Provincial College Laboratory of Rubber Material and Engineering, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
- Key Lab of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Rubber-Plastics, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
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Williams JOD, Solan GA, Xu J, Allen J, Harris RC, Timmermann VM. Investigating Branched Polyethylene Sensors for Applications in Prosthetics. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie O. D. Williams
- School of Physics and Astronomy University of Leicester University Road Leicester LE1 7RH UK
| | - Gregory A. Solan
- School of Chemistry University of Leicester University Road Leicester LE1 7RH UK
| | - Jinting Xu
- School of Chemistry University of Leicester University Road Leicester LE1 7RH UK
| | - Jack Allen
- School of Chemistry University of Leicester University Road Leicester LE1 7RH UK
| | - Rob C. Harris
- School of Chemistry University of Leicester University Road Leicester LE1 7RH UK
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Mechanistic study on the metallocene-based tandem catalytic coordinative chain transfer polymerization for the synthesis of highly branched polyolefins. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Investigations on the Ethylene Polymerization with Bisarylimine Pyridine Iron (BIP) Catalysts. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11030407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The kinetics and terminations of ethylene polymerization, mediated by five bisarylimine pyridine (BIP) iron dichloride precatalysts, and activated by large amounts of methyl aluminoxane (MAO) was studied. Narrow distributed paraffins from initially formed aluminum polymeryls and broader distributed 1-polyolefins and (bimodal) mixtures, thereof, were obtained after acidic workup. The main pathway of olefin formation is beta-hydrogen transfer to ethylene. The rate of polymerization in the initial phase is inversely proportional to the co-catalyst concentration for all pre-catalysts; a first-order dependence was found on ethylene and catalyst concentrations. The inhibition by aluminum alkyls is released to some extent in a second phase, which arises after the original methyl groups are transformed into n-alkyl entities and the aluminum polymeryls partly precipitate in the toluene medium. The catalysis is interpretable in a mechanism, wherein, the relative rate of chain shuttling, beta-hydrogen transfer and insertion of ethylene are determining the outcome. Beta-hydrogen transfer enables catalyst mobility, which leads to a (degenerate) chain growth of already precipitated aluminum alkyls. Stronger Lewis acidic centers of the single site catalysts, and those with smaller ligands, are more prone to yield 1-olefins and to undergo a faster reversible alkyl exchange between aluminum and iron.
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Hashmi OH, Visseaux M, Champouret Y. Evidence of coordinative chain transfer polymerization of isoprene using iron iminopyridine/ZnEt 2 catalytic systems. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00433f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Herein, the first example of a reversible iron-mediated chain transfer polymerisation of isoprene with ZnEt2 as the chain transfer agent is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Obaid H. Hashmi
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 – UCCS – Unité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Marc Visseaux
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 – UCCS – Unité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Yohan Champouret
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 – UCCS – Unité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France
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Wang M, Wu W, Wang X, Huang X, Nai Y, Wei X, Mao G. Research progress of iron-based catalysts for selective oligomerization of ethylene. RSC Adv 2020; 10:43640-43652. [PMID: 35519670 PMCID: PMC9058504 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra07558b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Linear α-olefins are widely used as raw materials in the chemical industry. Selective ethylene oligomerization is an important development direction of the linear α-olefin production process. Iron-based catalysts have become a research hotspot in selective ethylene oligomerization due to their advantages like high activity, high selectivity and convenience of adjusting their ligand structures. In this paper, the research progress of catalysts for selective oligomerization of ethylene was reviewed in terms of the cocatalysts, ligand structure, and immobilization of homogeneous catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhi Wang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Chemical Technology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University Daqing 163318 China
| | - Wei Wu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Chemical Technology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University Daqing 163318 China
| | - Xu Wang
- School of Foreign Languages, Anhui Jianzhu University China
| | - Xing Huang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Northeast Petroleum University China
| | - Yongning Nai
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Chemical Technology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University Daqing 163318 China
| | - Xueying Wei
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Chemical Technology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University Daqing 163318 China
| | - Guoliang Mao
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Chemical Technology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University Daqing 163318 China
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Adjusting Ortho-Cycloalkyl Ring Size in a Cycloheptyl-Fused N,N,N-Iron Catalyst as Means to Control Catalytic Activity and Polyethylene Properties. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10091002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Five examples of bis(arylimino)tetrahydrocyclohepta[b]pyridine dichloroiron(II) complex, [2-{(Ar)N=CMe}-9-{N(Ar)}C10H10N]FeCl2 (Ar = 2-(C5H9)-4,6-(CHPh2)2C6H2Fe1, 2-(C6H11)-4,6-(CHPh2)2C6H2Fe2, 2-(C8H15)-4,6-(CHPh2)2C6H2Fe3, 2-(C12H23)-4,6-(CHPh2)2C6H2Fe4, and 2,6-(C5H9)2-4-(CHPh2)C6H2Fe5), incorporating ortho-pairings based on either benzhydryl/cycloalkyl (ring sizes ranging from 5 to 12) or cyclopentyl/cyclopentyl groups, have been prepared in reasonable yield by employing a simple one-pot template strategy. Each complex was characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and for Fe3 and Fe5 by single crystal X-ray diffraction; pseudo-square pyramidal geometries are a feature of their coordination spheres. On treatment of Fe1–Fe5 with modified methylaluminoxane (MMAO) or methylaluminoxane (MAO), a range in catalytic activities for ethylene polymerization were observed with benzhydryl/cyclopentyl-containing Fe1/MMAO achieving the maximum level of 15.3 × 106 g PE mol−1 (Fe) h−1 at an operating temperature of 70 °C. As a key trend, the activity was found to drop as the ortho-cycloalkyl ring size increased: Fe1C5H9/CHPh2~Fe5C5H9/C5H9 > Fe2C6H11/CHPh2 > Fe3C8H15/CHPh2 > Fe4C12H23/CHPh2. Furthermore, strictly linear polyethylenes (Tm > 126 °C) were formed with molecular weights again dependent on the ortho-cycloalkyl ring size (up to 55.6 kg mol−1 for Fe1/MAO); narrow dispersities were a characteristic of all the polymers (Mw/Mn range: 2.3–4.7), highlighting the well-controlled nature of these polymerizations.
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Olivier-Bourbigou H, Breuil PAR, Magna L, Michel T, Espada Pastor MF, Delcroix D. Nickel Catalyzed Olefin Oligomerization and Dimerization. Chem Rev 2020; 120:7919-7983. [PMID: 32786672 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Brought to life more than half a century ago and successfully applied for high-value petrochemical intermediates production, nickel-catalyzed olefin oligomerization is still a very dynamic topic, with many fundamental questions to address and industrial challenges to overcome. The unique and versatile reactivity of nickel enables the oligomerization of ethylene, propylene, and butenes into a wide range of oligomers that are highly sought-after in numerous fields to be controlled. Interestingly, both homogeneous and heterogeneous nickel catalysts have been scrutinized and employed to do this. This rare specificity encouraged us to interlink them in this review so as to open up opportunities for further catalyst development and innovation. An in-depth understanding of the reaction mechanisms in play is essential to being able to fine-tune the selectivity and achieve efficiency in the rational design of novel catalytic systems. This review thus provides a complete overview of the subject, compiling the main fundamental/industrial milestones and remaining challenges facing homogeneous/heterogeneous approaches as well as emerging catalytic concepts, with a focus on the last 10 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Olivier-Bourbigou
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-Point de l'Echangeur de Solaize, BP 3, 69360 Solaize, France
| | - P A R Breuil
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-Point de l'Echangeur de Solaize, BP 3, 69360 Solaize, France
| | - L Magna
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-Point de l'Echangeur de Solaize, BP 3, 69360 Solaize, France
| | - T Michel
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-Point de l'Echangeur de Solaize, BP 3, 69360 Solaize, France
| | | | - D Delcroix
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-Point de l'Echangeur de Solaize, BP 3, 69360 Solaize, France
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Han M, Zhang Q, Oleynik II, Suo H, Solan GA, Oleynik IV, Ma Y, Liang T, Sun WH. High molecular weight polyethylenes of narrow dispersity promoted using bis(arylimino)cyclohepta[b]pyridine-cobalt catalysts ortho-substituted with benzhydryl & cycloalkyl groups. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:4774-4784. [PMID: 32211662 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00576b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A one-pot template strategy has been utilized to synthesize sterically enhanced bis(imino)cyclohepta[b]pyridine-cobalt(ii) chlorides, [2-{(Ar)N[double bond, length as m-dash]CMe}-9-{N(Ar)}C10H10N]CoCl2 (Ar = 2-(C5H9)-4,6-(CHPh2)2C6H2Co1, 2-(C6H11)-4,6-(CHPh2)2C6H2Co2, 2-(C8H15)-4,6-(CHPh2)2C6H2Co3, 2-(C12H23)-4,6-(CHPh2)2C6H2Co4, 2,6-(C5H9)2-4-(CHPh2)C6H2Co5). All five complexes have been characterized by a combination of FT-IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The molecular structures of Co1, Co3 and Co5 highlight the substantial steric hindrance imparted by the 2-cycloalkyl-6-benzhydryl or 2,6-dicyclopentyl ortho-substitution pattern; distorted square pyramidal geometries are exhibited in each case. On activation with methylaluminoxane (MAO) or modified methylaluminoxane (MMAO), all the complexes (apart from Co4/MAO) were active ethylene polymerization catalysts (up to 3.70 × 106 g PE per mol (Co) per h for Co5/MMAO), operating effectively at temperatures between 50 °C and 60 °C, producing polyethylenes with high molecular weights (up to 589.5 kg mol-1 for Co3/MAO). Furthermore, all polymers were highly linear (Tm > 130 °C) with narrow dispersities (Mw/Mn range: 2.0-3.0). The coexistence of two chain termination pathways, β-H elimination and transfer to aluminum, has been demonstrated using 13C/1H NMR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Han
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences and International School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiuyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences and International School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ivan I Oleynik
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Pr. Lavrentjeva 9, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Hongyi Suo
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences and International School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Gregory A Solan
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
| | - Irina V Oleynik
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Pr. Lavrentjeva 9, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Yanping Ma
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Tongling Liang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Wen-Hua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences and International School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China and State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Hashmi OH, Champouret Y, Visseaux M. Highly Active Iminopyridyl Iron-Based Catalysts for the Polymerization of Isoprene. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24173024. [PMID: 31438501 PMCID: PMC6749290 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24173024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of iminopyridyl-based ligands, 6-[(Ar)N=C(R)]-2-C6H5N [(Ar = 2,6-Me2-C6H3, R = Me (L1); Ar = 2,6-iPr2-C6H3, R = Me (L2); Ar = 2,6-Me2-C6H3, R = H (L3); Ar = 2,6-iPr2-C6H3, R = H (L4); Ar = 3,5-(CF3)2-C6H3, R = Me (L5); Ar = C6F5, R = Me (L6)], and their corresponding iron (II) complexes were developed to investigate their application in the controlled coordinative polymerization of isoprene. The modulation of steric and electronic properties within this family of ligands/pre-catalysts has shown to influence the stereo-selectivity and activity of the polymerization of isoprene after activation. Upon activation with various co-catalysts such as AliBu3/[Ph3C][B(C6F5)4], AlEt3/[Ph3C][B(C6F5)4] or MAO, the resulting catalysts produced polyisoprenes with an excellent conversion (>99% of 500–5000 equiv.) within less than 1 h (TOF > 500 h−1) and having a variety of stereo-/regio-regularities. The presence of electron-donating and withdrawing groups drastically impacted the activity and the stereoselectivity of the catalysts during the course of the polymerization of isoprene. When activated with AliBu3/[Ph3C][B(C6F5)4], the complexes {6-[(2,6-Me2-C6H3)N=C(Me)]-2-C6H5N}FeCl2 (C1) and {6-[(2,6-iPr2-C6H3)N=C(Me)]-2-C6H5N}FeCl2 (C2) exhibited moderate trans-1,4 selectivity (>67%) while the iron-based systems bearing related aldiminopyridyl ligands {6-[(2,6-Me2-C6H3)N=C(H)]-2-C6H5N}FeCl2 (C3) and {6-[(2,6-iPr2-C6H3)N=C(H)]-2-C6H5N}FeCl2 (C4) were found to afford significant cis-1,4 selectivity at low temperature (>86% at −40 °C). On the other hand, the ternary {6-[(3,5-(CF3)2-C6H3)N=C(Me)]-2-C6H5N}FeCl2 (C5) or {6-[(C6F5)N=C(Me)]-2-C6H5N}FeCl2 (C6)/AliBu3/[Ph3C][B(C6F5)4] catalytic combinations showed exceptional activity for the polymerization of isoprene (TOF > 1,000,000 h−1), albeit providing less stereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Obaid H Hashmi
- UMR 8181-UCCS-Unité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide, ENSCL, Centrale Lille, University of Artois, University of Lille, CNRS, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Yohan Champouret
- UMR 8181-UCCS-Unité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide, ENSCL, Centrale Lille, University of Artois, University of Lille, CNRS, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Marc Visseaux
- UMR 8181-UCCS-Unité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide, ENSCL, Centrale Lille, University of Artois, University of Lille, CNRS, F-59000 Lille, France.
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Champouret Y, Hashmi OH, Visseaux M. Discrete iron-based complexes: Applications in homogeneous coordination-insertion polymerization catalysis. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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12
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Guo J, Wang Z, Zhang W, Oleynik II, Vignesh A, Oleynik IV, Hu X, Sun Y, Sun WH. Highly Linear Polyethylenes Achieved Using Thermo-Stable and Efficient Cobalt Precatalysts Bearing Carbocyclic-Fused NNN-Pincer Ligand. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24061176. [PMID: 30934627 PMCID: PMC6471483 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24061176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Six examples of 2-(1-arylimino)ethyl-9-arylimino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrocycloheptapyridine-cobalt(II) chloride complexes, [2-(1-ArN)C2H3-9-ArN-5,6,7,8-C5H8C5H3N]CoCl2, (Ar = 2-(C5H9)-6-MeC6H3Co1, 2-(C6H11)-6-MeC6H3Co2, 2-(C8H15)-6-MeC6H3Co3, 2-(C5H9)-4,6-Me2C6H2Co4, 2-(C6H11)-4,6-Me2C6H2Co5, and 2-(C8H15)-4,6-Me2C6H2Co6), were synthesized by the direct reaction of the corresponding ortho-cycloalkyl substituted carbocyclic-fused bis(arylimino)pyridines (L1–L6) and cobalt(II) chloride in ethanol with good yields. All the synthesized ligands (L1–L6) and their corresponding cobalt complexes (Co1–Co6) were fully characterized by FT-IR, 1H/13C-NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The crystal structure of Co2 and Co3 revealed that the ring puckering of both the ortho-cyclohexyl/cyclooctyl substituents and the one pyridine-fused seven-membered ring; a square-based pyramidal geometry is conferred around the metal center. On treatment with either methylaluminoxane (MAO) or modified methylaluminoxane (MMAO), all the six complexes showed high activities (up to 4.09 × 106 g of PE mol−1 (Co) h−1) toward ethylene polymerization at temperatures between 20 °C and 70 °C with the catalytic activities correlating with the type of ortho-cycloalkyl substituent: Cyclopentyl (Co1 and Co4) > cyclohexyl (Co2 and Co5) > cyclooctyl (Co3 and Co6) for either R = H or Me and afforded strictly linear polyethylene (Tm > 130 °C). The narrow unimodal distributions of the resulting polymers are consistent with single-site active species for the precatalyst. Furthermore, compared to the previously reported cobalt analogues, the titled precatalysts exhibited good thermo-stability (up to 70 °C) and possessed longer lifetime along with a higher molecular weight of PE (Mw: 9.2~25.3 kg mol−1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R&D and Assessment, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Textile Nanofiber, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Zheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R&D and Assessment, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Textile Nanofiber, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Ivan I Oleynik
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Pr. Lavrentjeva 9, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Arumugam Vignesh
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Irina V Oleynik
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Pr. Lavrentjeva 9, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Xinquan Hu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Yang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Wen-Hua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
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13
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Wang Z, Zhang R, Zhang W, Solan GA, Liu Q, Liang T, Sun WH. Enhancing thermostability of iron ethylene polymerization catalysts through N,N,N-chelation of doubly fused α,α′-bis(arylimino)-2,3:5,6-bis(hexamethylene)pyridines. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy00293f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
At temperatures up to 80 °C, high catalytic activity and high molecular weight PE was achievable using the Fe-catalyst depicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Randi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R&D and Assessment
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Textile Nanofiber
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing institute of Fashion Technology
- Beijing 100029
| | - Gregory A. Solan
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Qingbin Liu
- College of Chemistry and Material Science
- Hebei Normal University
- Shijiazhuang 050024
- China
| | - Tongling Liang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Wen-Hua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
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14
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Wang Z, Ma Y, Guo J, Liu Q, Solan GA, Liang T, Sun WH. Bis(imino)pyridines fused with 6- and 7-membered carbocylic rings as N,N,N-scaffolds for cobalt ethylene polymerization catalysts. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:2582-2591. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt04892d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Mixed carbocyclic-fused bis(arylimino)pyridine-cobalt(ii) chlorides, on activation with either MAO or MMAO, displayed high activities for ethylene polymerization affording linear polyethylene waxes; high selectivity for vinyl end-groups is a feature of MAO-promoted systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Yanping Ma
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Jingjing Guo
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Qingbin Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Hebei Normal University
- Shijiazhuang 050024
- China
| | - Gregory A. Solan
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Tongling Liang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Wen-Hua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
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15
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Wang Z, Solan GA, Zhang W, Sun WH. Carbocyclic-fused N,N,N-pincer ligands as ring-strain adjustable supports for iron and cobalt catalysts in ethylene oligo-/polymerization. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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16
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Wang Z, Solan GA, Mahmood Q, Liu Q, Ma Y, Hao X, Sun WH. Bis(imino)pyridines Incorporating Doubly Fused Eight-Membered Rings as Conformationally Flexible Supports for Cobalt Ethylene Polymerization Catalysts. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- CAS
Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Gregory A. Solan
- Key
Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - Qaiser Mahmood
- Key
Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- CAS
Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qingbin Liu
- College
of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Yanping Ma
- Key
Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiang Hao
- Key
Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Wen-Hua Sun
- Key
Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- CAS
Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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17
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Ren X, Gourlaouen C, Wesolek M, Braunstein P. Tritopic NHC Precursors: Unusual Nickel Reactivity and Ethylene Insertion into a C(sp 3 )-H Bond. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:12557-12560. [PMID: 28758718 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201706581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The imidazolium chloride [C3 H3 N(C3 H6 NMe2 )N{C(Me)(=NDipp)}]Cl (1; Dipp=2,6-diisopropyl phenyl), a potential precursor to a tritopic Nimine CNHC Namine pincer-type ligand, reacted with [Ni(cod)2 ] to give the NiI -NiI complex 2, which contains a rare cod-derived η3 -allyl-type bridging ligand. The implied intermediate formation of a nickel hydride through oxidative addition of the imidazolium C-H bond did not occur with the symmetrical imidazolium chloride [C3 H3 N2 {C(Me)(=NDipp)}2 ]Cl (3). Instead, a Ni-C(sp3 ) bond was formed, leading to the neutral Nimine CHNimine pincer-type complex Ni[C3 H3 N2 {C(Me)(=NDipp)}2 ]Cl (4). Theoretical studies showed that this highly unusual feature in nickel NHC chemistry is due to steric constraints induced by the N substituents, which prevent Ni-H bond formation. Remarkably, ethylene inserted into the C(sp3 )-H bond of 4 without nickel hydride formation, thus suggesting new pathways for the alkylation of non-activated C-H bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Ren
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS), Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67081, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Christophe Gourlaouen
- Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS), Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67081, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Marcel Wesolek
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS), Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67081, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Pierre Braunstein
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS), Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67081, Strasbourg Cedex, France
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18
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Ren X, Gourlaouen C, Wesolek M, Braunstein P. Tritopic NHC Precursors: Unusual Nickel Reactivity and Ethylene Insertion into a C(sp
3
)–H Bond. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201706581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Ren
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS) Université de Strasbourg 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67081 Strasbourg Cedex France
| | - Christophe Gourlaouen
- Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS) Université de Strasbourg 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67081 Strasbourg Cedex France
| | - Marcel Wesolek
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS) Université de Strasbourg 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67081 Strasbourg Cedex France
| | - Pierre Braunstein
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS) Université de Strasbourg 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67081 Strasbourg Cedex France
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- Eike B. Bauer
- University of Missouri - St. Louis; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; One University Boulevard St. Louis, MO 63121 USA
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20
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Burcher B, Sanders KJ, Benda L, Pintacuda G, Jeanneau E, Danopoulos AA, Braunstein P, Olivier-Bourbigou H, Breuil PAR. A Straightforward Access to Stable, 16 Valence-electron Phosphine-Stabilized Fe 0 Olefin Complexes and their Reactivity. Organometallics 2017; 36:605-613. [PMID: 31031510 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The use of the dialkene divinyltetramethyldisiloxane (dvtms) allows easy access to the reactive 16 valence-electron complexes [Fe0(L-L)(dvtms)], (L-L) = dppe (1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane), (1), dppp (1,2-bis(diisopropylphosphino)propane), (2), pyNMeP(iPr)2 (N-(diisopropylphosphino)-N-methylpyridin-2-amine), (4), dipe (1,2-bis(diisopropylphosphino)ethane), (5), and [Fe0(L)2(dvtms)], L = PMe3, (3), by a mild reductive route using AlEt2(OEt) as reducing agent. In contrast, by the same methodology, the 18 valence-electron complexes [Fe0(L-L)2(ethylene)], (L-L) = dppm (1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)methane), 6, (L-L) = dppa (1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)amine) 7 or (L-L)=dppe, 8, were obtained, which do not contain dvtms. In addition, a combined DFT and solid-state paramagnetic NMR methodology is introduced for the structure determination of 5. A comparative study of the reactivity of 1,2,4-6 and 8 with 3-hexyne highlights emerging mechanistic implications for C-C coupling reactions using these complexes as catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Burcher
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-point de l'échangeur de Solaize, BP 3, 69360 Solaize, France
| | - Kevin J Sanders
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280 CNRS, Université de Lyon, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Ladislav Benda
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280 CNRS, Université de Lyon, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Guido Pintacuda
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280 CNRS, Université de Lyon, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Erwann Jeanneau
- Centre de Diffractométrie Henri Longchambon, Site CLEA - Bât. ISA, 3ème étage, 5 rue de La Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Andreas A Danopoulos
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, CHIMIE UMR 7177, Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS90032, 67081 Strasbourg, France
| | - Pierre Braunstein
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, CHIMIE UMR 7177, Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS90032, 67081 Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Pierre-Alain R Breuil
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-point de l'échangeur de Solaize, BP 3, 69360 Solaize, France
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21
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Pan W, Chen H, Sun R, Gong D, Jia X, Hu Y, Zhang X. Highly 1,2 Regio- and Stereoselective Polymerization of 1,3-Butadiene Initiated by Iron Catalysts with Pyridinyl Phosphate. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b01274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weijing Pan
- Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and
Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Specialty Polymers, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huafeng Chen
- Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and
Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Specialty Polymers, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Sun
- Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and
Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Specialty Polymers, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dirong Gong
- Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and
Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Specialty Polymers, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiayu Jia
- Key
Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1799, Jimei Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, People’s Republic of China
- Ningbo
Urban Environment Observation and Research Station—NUEORS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315830, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanming Hu
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic Rubber, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuequan Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic Rubber, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
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22
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Yuan S, Yue E, Wen C, Sun WH. Synthesis, characterization, and ethylene polymerization of 1-[2,4-bis(bis(4-fluorophenyl)methyl)naphthylimino]-2-aryliminoacenaphthylnickel bromides: influences of polymerization parameters on polyethylenes. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra23644d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The nickel bromides (C1–C5), upon activation with Et2AlCl, exhibited high activities toward ethylene polymerization obtaining polyethylenes with Mw from 0.86–5.58 × 105 g mol−1 and narrower PDI (1.22–1.99).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifang Yuan
- Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
| | - Erlin Yue
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Chunyan Wen
- Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics
| | - Wen-Hua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
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23
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