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Zhang Y, Pham HM, Tran SD. The Chicken Egg: An Advanced Material for Tissue Engineering. Biomolecules 2024; 14:439. [PMID: 38672456 PMCID: PMC11048217 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The chicken egg, an excellent natural source of proteins, has been an overlooked native biomaterial with remarkable physicochemical, structural, and biological properties. Recently, with significant advances in biomedical engineering, particularly in the development of 3D in vitro platforms, chicken egg materials have increasingly been investigated as biomaterials due to their distinct advantages such as their low cost, availability, easy handling, gelling ability, bioactivity, and provision of a developmentally stimulating environment for cells. In addition, the chicken egg and its by-products can improve tissue engraftment and stimulate angiogenesis, making it particularly attractive for wound healing and tissue engineering applications. Evidence suggests that the egg white (EW), egg yolk (EY), and eggshell membrane (ESM) are great biomaterial candidates for tissue engineering, as their protein composition resembles mammalian extracellular matrix proteins, ideal for cellular attachment, cellular differentiation, proliferation, and survivability. Moreover, eggshell (ES) is considered an excellent calcium resource for generating hydroxyapatite (HA), making it a promising biomaterial for bone regeneration. This review will provide researchers with a concise yet comprehensive understanding of the chicken egg structure, composition, and associated bioactive molecules in each component and introduce up-to-date tissue engineering applications of chicken eggs as biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuli Zhang
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, 3640 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada; (Y.Z.); (H.M.P.)
| | - Hieu M. Pham
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, 3640 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada; (Y.Z.); (H.M.P.)
- Department of Periodontology, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, 625 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14620, USA
| | - Simon D. Tran
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, 3640 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada; (Y.Z.); (H.M.P.)
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Ranjbar N, Bakhshandeh B, Pennisi CP. Electroconductive Nanofibrous Scaffolds Enable Neuronal Differentiation in Response to Electrical Stimulation without Exogenous Inducing Factors. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1438. [PMID: 38136029 PMCID: PMC10740536 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10121438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the various biochemical and biophysical inducers for neural regeneration, electrical stimulation (ES) has recently attracted considerable attention as an efficient means to induce neuronal differentiation in tissue engineering approaches. The aim of this in vitro study was to develop a nanofibrous scaffold that enables ES-mediated neuronal differentiation in the absence of exogenous soluble inducers. A nanofibrous scaffold composed of polycaprolactone (PCL), poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA), and single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs) was fabricated via electrospinning and its physicochemical properties were investigated. The cytocompatibility of the electrospun composite with the PC12 cell line and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) was investigated. The results showed that the PCL/PLLA/SWNT nanofibrous scaffold did not exhibit cytotoxicity and supported cell attachment, spreading, and proliferation. ES was applied to cells cultured on the nanofibrous scaffolds at different intensities and the expression of the three neural markers (Nestin, Microtubule-associated protein 2, and β tubulin-3) was evaluated using RT-qPCR analysis. The results showed that the highest expression of neural markers could be achieved at an electric field intensity of 200 mV/cm, suggesting that the scaffold in combination with ES can be an efficient tool to accelerate neural differentiation in the absence of exogenous soluble inducers. This has important implications for the regeneration of nerve injuries and may provide insights for further investigations of the mechanisms underlying ES-mediated neuronal commitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nika Ranjbar
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran 14155-6455, Iran
| | - Behnaz Bakhshandeh
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran 14155-6455, Iran
| | - Cristian Pablo Pennisi
- Regenerative Medicine Group, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, DK-9260 Gistrup, Denmark
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Uribe-Etxebarria V, Pineda JR, García-Gallastegi P, Agliano A, Unda F, Ibarretxe G. Notch and Wnt Signaling Modulation to Enhance DPSC Stemness and Therapeutic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087389. [PMID: 37108549 PMCID: PMC10138690 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The Dental Pulp of permanent human teeth is home to stem cells with remarkable multilineage differentiation ability: human Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSCs). These cells display a very notorious expression of pluripotency core factors, and the ability to give rise to mature cell lineages belonging to the three embryonic layers. For these reasons, several researchers in the field have long considered human DPSCs as pluripotent-like cells. Notably, some signaling pathways such as Notch and Wnt contribute to maintaining the stemness of these cells through a complex network involving metabolic and epigenetic regulatory mechanisms. The use of recombinant proteins and selective pharmacological modulators of Notch and Wnt pathways, together with serum-free media and appropriate scaffolds that allow the maintenance of the non-differentiated state of hDPSC cultures could be an interesting approach to optimize the potency of these stem cells, without a need for genetic modification. In this review, we describe and integrate findings that shed light on the mechanisms responsible for stemness maintenance of hDPSCs, and how these are regulated by Notch/Wnt activation, drawing some interesting parallelisms with pluripotent stem cells. We summarize previous work on the stem cell field that includes interactions between epigenetics, metabolic regulations, and pluripotency core factor expression in hDPSCs and other stem cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jose Ramon Pineda
- Cell Biology and Histology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience Fundazioa Leioa, Sede Building, 3rd Floor, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Patricia García-Gallastegi
- Physiology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Alice Agliano
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, Cancer Research UK Cancer Imaging Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London SW7 3RP, UK
- Department of Materials and Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Fernando Unda
- Cell Biology and Histology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Gaskon Ibarretxe
- Cell Biology and Histology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
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Alginate-Based Hydrogels and Scaffolds for Biomedical Applications. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21030177. [PMID: 36976226 PMCID: PMC10055882 DOI: 10.3390/md21030177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Alginate is a natural polymer of marine origin and, due to its exceptional properties, has great importance as an essential component for the preparation of hydrogels and scaffolds for biomedical applications. The design of biologically interactive hydrogels and scaffolds with advanced, expected and required properties are one of the key issues for successful outcomes in the healing of injured tissues. This review paper presents the multifunctional biomedical applications of alginate-based hydrogels and scaffolds in selected areas, highlighting the key effect of alginate and its influence on the essential properties of the selected biomedical applications. The first part covers scientific achievements for alginate in dermal tissue regeneration, drug delivery systems, cancer treatment, and antimicrobials. The second part is dedicated to our scientific results obtained for the research opus of hydrogel materials for scaffolds based on alginate in synergy with different materials (polymers and bioactive agents). Alginate has proved to be an exceptional polymer for combining with other naturally occurring and synthetic polymers, as well as loading bioactive therapeutic agents to achieve dermal, controlled drug delivery, cancer treatment, and antimicrobial purposes. Our research was based on combinations of alginate with gelatin, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, apatite, graphene oxide and iron(III) oxide, as well as curcumin and resveratrol as bioactive agents. Important features of the prepared scaffolds, such as morphology, porosity, absorption capacity, hydrophilicity, mechanical properties, in vitro degradation, and in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility, have shown favorable properties for the aforementioned applications, and alginate has been an important link in achieving these properties. Alginate, as a component of these systems, proved to be an indispensable factor and played an excellent “role” in the optimal adjustment of the tested properties. This study provides valuable data and information for researchers and demonstrates the importance of the role of alginate as a biomaterial in the design of hydrogels and scaffolds that are powerful medical “tools” for biomedical applications.
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Ingavle G, Das M. Bench to Bedside: New Therapeutic Approaches with Extracellular Vesicles and Engineered Biomaterials for Targeting Therapeutic Resistance of Cancer Stem Cells. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:4673-4696. [PMID: 36194142 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cancer has recently been the second leading cause of death worldwide, trailing only cardiovascular disease. Cancer stem cells (CSCs), represented as tumor-initiating cells (TICs), are mainly liable for chemoresistance and disease relapse due to their self-renewal capability and differentiating capacity into different types of tumor cells. The intricate molecular mechanism is necessary to elucidate CSC's chemoresistance properties and cancer recurrence. Establishing efficient strategies for CSC maintenance and enrichment is essential to elucidate the mechanisms and properties of CSCs and CSC-related therapeutic measures. Current approaches are insufficient to mimic the in vivo chemical and physical conditions for the maintenance and growth of CSC and yield unreliable research results. Biomaterials are now widely used for simulating the bone marrow microenvironment. Biomaterial-based three-dimensional (3D) approaches for the enrichment of CSC provide an excellent promise for future drug discovery and elucidation of molecular mechanisms. In the future, the biomaterial-based model will contribute to a more operative and predictive CSC model for cancer therapy. Design strategies for materials, physicochemical cues, and morphology will offer a new direction for future modification and new methods for studying the CSC microenvironment and its chemoresistance property. This review highlights the critical roles of the microenvironmental cues that regulate CSC function and endow them with drug resistance properties. This review also explores the latest advancement and challenges in biomaterial-based scaffold structure for therapeutic approaches against CSC chemoresistance. Since the recent entry of extracellular vesicles (EVs), cell-derived nanostructures, have opened new avenues of investigation into this field, which, together with other more conventionally studied signaling pathways, play an important role in cell-to-cell communication. Thus, this review further explores the subject of EVs in-depth. This review also discusses possible future biomaterial and biomaterial-EV-based models that could be used to study the tumor microenvironment (TME) and will provide possible therapeutic approaches. Finally, this review concludes with potential perspectives and conclusions in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Ingavle
- Symbiosis Centre for Stem Cell Research (SCSCR) and Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences (SSBS), SIU, Lavale, Pune 412115, India
| | - Madhurima Das
- Symbiosis Centre for Stem Cell Research (SCSCR) and Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences (SSBS), SIU, Lavale, Pune 412115, India
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Mirmoghtadaei M, Khaboushan AS, Mohammadi B, Sadr M, Farmand H, Hassannejad Z, Kajbafzadeh AM. Kidney tissue engineering in preclinical models of renal failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Regen Med 2022; 17:941-955. [PMID: 36154467 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2022-0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aims to compare the efficacy of tissue engineering for kidney reconstruction. Materials & methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE (May 2021), and reference lists of review articles. Results: 19 articles matched our inclusion criteria. A range of natural, synthetic and hybrid scaffolds with or without incorporating cells/growth factors was investigated in 937 animals. More favorable results were observed with a combination of two or more biomaterials, addition of bioactive moieties, and cell seeding. Creatinine concentration, PAX2, collagen type-1, α-SMA, vimentin, IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α gene expressions were significantly increased compared with native control. Conclusion: Tissue engineering can improve renal function and regeneration; however, further research could benefit from using hybrid scaffolds, stem cells and large animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Mirmoghtadaei
- Pediatric Urology & Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Gene, Cell & Tissue Research Institute, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Soltani Khaboushan
- Pediatric Urology & Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Gene, Cell & Tissue Research Institute, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahareh Mohammadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Matin Sadr
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hooman Farmand
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Hassannejad
- Pediatric Urology & Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Gene, Cell & Tissue Research Institute, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdol-Mohammad Kajbafzadeh
- Pediatric Urology & Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Gene, Cell & Tissue Research Institute, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Jiffrin R, Razak SIA, Jamaludin MI, Hamzah ASA, Mazian MA, Jaya MAT, Nasrullah MZ, Majrashi M, Theyab A, Aldarmahi AA, Awan Z, Abdel-Daim MM, Azad AK. Electrospun Nanofiber Composites for Drug Delivery: A Review on Current Progresses. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14183725. [PMID: 36145871 PMCID: PMC9506405 DOI: 10.3390/polym14183725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A medication’s approximate release profile should be sustained in order to generate the desired therapeutic effect. The drug’s release site, duration, and rate must all be adjusted to the drug’s therapeutic aim. However, when designing drug delivery systems, this may be a considerable hurdle. Electrospinning is a promising method of creating a nanofibrous membrane since it enables drugs to be placed in the nanofiber composite and released over time. Nanofiber composites designed through electrospinning for drug release purposes are commonly constructed of simple structures. This nanofiber composite produces matrices with nanoscale fiber structure, large surface area to volume ratio, and a high porosity with small pore size. The nanofiber composite’s large surface area to volume ratio can aid with cell binding and multiplication, drug loading, and mass transfer processes. The nanofiber composite acts as a container for drugs that can be customized to a wide range of drug release kinetics. Drugs may be electrospun after being dissolved or dispersed in the polymer solution, or they can be physically or chemically bound to the nanofiber surface. The composition and internal structure of the nanofibers are crucial for medicine release patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renatha Jiffrin
- Bioinspired Device and Tissue Engineering Research Group, School of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81300, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Saiful Izwan Abd Razak
- Bioinspired Device and Tissue Engineering Research Group, School of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81300, Johor, Malaysia
- Sports Innovation & Technology Center, Institute of Human Centered Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81300, Johor, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (S.I.A.R.); (M.M.A.-D.); (A.K.A.)
| | - Mohamad Ikhwan Jamaludin
- Bioinspired Device and Tissue Engineering Research Group, School of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81300, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Amir Syahir Amir Hamzah
- Nanobiotechnology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muadz Ahmad Mazian
- Faculty of Applied Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Negeri Sembilan, Kampus Kuala Pilah, Kuala Pilah 72000, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | | | - Mohammed Z. Nasrullah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Majrashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23881, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Theyab
- Department of Laboratory & Blood Bank, Security Forces Hospital, P.O. Box 14799, Mecca 21955, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Al-Faisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A. Aldarmahi
- Basic Science Department, College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, National Guard-Health Affairs, P.O. Box 9515, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zuhier Awan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Correspondence: (S.I.A.R.); (M.M.A.-D.); (A.K.A.)
| | - Abul Kalam Azad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra, Jenjarom 42610, Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (S.I.A.R.); (M.M.A.-D.); (A.K.A.)
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Haghshenas M, Tavana S, Zand E, Montazeri L, Fathi R. Mouse ovarian follicle growth in an amniotic membrane-based hydrogel. J Biomater Appl 2022; 37:563-574. [PMID: 35451867 DOI: 10.1177/08853282221094193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional cultures of follicles on ECM-based scaffolds can be an approach for women who become infertile after cancer treatments. Human amniotic membrane (HAM) is extensively employed in tissue engineering because of its unique properties. We cultured mouse pre-antral follicles in a hydrogel derived from decellularized amniotic membrane (DAM) combined with alginate (ALG) to improve ovarian follicle culture. HAM was decellularized. Quantitative (nuclear contents, collagen, glycosaminoglycan [GAG]) and qualitative (DAPI, H&E, Masson's trichrome, Alcian blue, scanning electron microscopy assessments were performed. Then, we created an amniotic membrane-based hydrogel (AMBH) and conducted AMBH characterization assays (rheology, MTS, degradation rate). Isolated mouse pre-antral follicles were cultured in 15 mg/mL AMBH (AMBH15), 30 mg/mL AMBH (AMBH30), or 45 mg/mL AMBH (AMBH45). ALG hydrogel was the control group. Follicular diameters, estradiol hormone secretion rate, follicular morphology, and the follicle antral and degeneration rate were examined. Quantitative and qualitative assays indicated successful decellularization. AMBH characterization assays showed that the ALG hydrogel had more appropriate gelation and slower degradation than AMBH. There was a statistically higher antral follicle formation rate in the AMBH45 group (p < .05) compared to the AMBH30 and AMBH15 groups and less (p < .05) degenerated follicles. There was no significant difference with the ALG group. Diameter and estradiol hormone secretion in the AMBH45 group were not significantly higher than the ALG group. Although decellularization was confirmed and the viscoelastic parameters of AMBH support follicle culture, there was no significant effect on ovarian follicle maturation compared to the ALG control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Haghshenas
- 438298Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,48499Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Tavana
- 438298Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elnaz Zand
- 438298Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Montazeri
- Department of Cell Engineering, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rouhollah Fathi
- 438298Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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Qin J, Chen F, Wu P, Sun G. Recent Advances in Bioengineered Scaffolds for Cutaneous Wound Healing. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:841583. [PMID: 35299645 PMCID: PMC8921732 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.841583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is an evolved dynamic biological process. Though many research and clinical approaches have been explored to restore damaged or diseased skin, the current treatment for deep cutaneous injuries is far from being perfect, and the ideal regenerative therapy remains a significant challenge. Of all treatments, bioengineered scaffolds play a key role and represent great progress in wound repair and skin regeneration. In this review, we focus on the latest advancement in biomaterial scaffolds for wound healing. We discuss the emerging philosophy of designing biomaterial scaffolds, followed by precursor development. We pay particular attention to the therapeutic interventions of bioengineered scaffolds for cutaneous wound healing, and their dual effects while conjugating with bioactive molecules, stem cells, and even immunomodulation. As we review the advancement and the challenges of the current strategies, we also discuss the prospects of scaffold development for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghui Qin
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, College of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Pingli Wu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Guoming Sun
- Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, College of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
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Parihar A, Pandita V, Kumar A, Parihar DS, Puranik N, Bajpai T, Khan R. 3D Printing: Advancement in Biogenerative Engineering to Combat Shortage of Organs and Bioapplicable Materials. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 8:173-199. [PMID: 34230892 PMCID: PMC8252697 DOI: 10.1007/s40883-021-00219-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Organ or cell transplantation is medically evaluated for end-stage failure saving or extending the lives of thousands of patients who are suffering from organ failure disorders. The unavailability of adequate organs for transplantation to meet the existing demand is a major challenge in the medical field. This led to day-day-increase in the number of patients on transplant waiting lists as well as in the number of patients dying while on the queue. Recently, technological advancements in the field of biogenerative engineering have the potential to regenerate tissues and, in some cases, create new tissues and organs. In this context, major advances and innovations are being made in the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine which have a huge impact on the scientific community is three-dimensional bioprinting (3D bioprinting) of tissues and organs. Besides this, the decellularization of organs and using this as a scaffold for generating new organs through the recellularization process shows promising results. This review discussed about current approaches for tissue and organ engineering including methods of scaffold designing, recent advances in 3D bioprinting, organs regenerated successfully using 3D printing, and extended application of 3D bioprinting technique in the field of medicine. Besides this, information about commercially available 3D printers has also been included in this article. Lay Summary Today's need for organs for the transplantation process in order to save a patient's life or to enhance the survival rate of diseased one is the prime concern among the scientific community. Recent, advances in the field of biogenerative engineering have the potential to regenerate tissues and create organs compatible with the patient's body. In this context, major advances and innovations are being made in the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine which have a huge impact on the scientific community is three-dimensional bioprinting (3D bioprinting) of tissues and organs. Besides this, the decellularization of organs and using this as a scaffold for generating new organs through the recellularization process shows promising results. This review dealt with the current approaches for tissue and organ engineering including methods of scaffold designing, recent advances in 3D bioprinting, organs regenerated successfully using 3D printing, and extended application of 3D bioprinting technique in the field of medicine. Furthermore, information about commercially available 3D printers has also been included in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpana Parihar
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462026 India
- Microfluidics & MEMS Centre, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road Bhopal, 462026 India
| | - Vasundhara Pandita
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462026 India
| | - Avinash Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design & Manufacturing (IIITD&M), Kancheepuram, 600127 India
| | - Dipesh Singh Parihar
- Engineering College Tuwa , At. & Post. Tuwa, Taluka Godhra, Dist. Panchmahal, Godhra, Gujarat 388713 India
| | - Nidhi Puranik
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462026 India
| | - Tapas Bajpai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, 302017 India
| | - Raju Khan
- Microfluidics & MEMS Centre, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road Bhopal, 462026 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-AMPRI, Bhopal, 462026 India
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Han X, Ma Y, Lu X, Li W, Xia E, Li TC, Zhang H, Huang X. Transplantation of Human Adipose Stem Cells Using Acellular Human Amniotic Membrane Improves Angiogenesis in Injured Endometrial Tissue in a Rat Intrauterine Adhesion Model. Cell Transplant 2021; 29:963689720952055. [PMID: 32838542 PMCID: PMC7784510 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720952055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial injury resulting in intrauterine adhesion is associated with extensive damage to the regenerative basal layer of the endometrium and represents a major therapeutic challenge. Human adipose stem cells (hASCs) hold promise for future clinical use in the individualized therapy of injured endometrial tissue. Here, we observed that the use of the acellular human amniotic membrane (AHAM) significantly increased the expression of angiogenic factors, including angiogenin (ANG) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), in hASCs in vitro. The three-dimensional engineered hASC-AHAM grafts significantly increased the endometrial receptivity, as increased endometrial thickness, greater numbers of endometrial glands, and higher protein levels of leukemia inhibitory factor were observed in injured endometrial tissue that was treated with these grafts compared to those detected in injured endometrial tissue that was treated with AHAM alone. In addition, the hASC-AHAM grafts significantly increased the vascular density in the injured endometrial tissue in rats, when transplanted into an injured uterine cavity. Using the EGFP+-hASC-AHAM grafts for transplantation, we confirmed that the hASCs maintained higher protein levels of ANG and VEGF in the injured uterine cavity in vivo. The results of this study suggest that the ability of the engineered hASC-AHAM grafts to repair injured endometrial tissue may be associated with their ability to promote angiogenesis through the upregulated expression of angiogenic factors in hASCs. These findings may support individualized stem cell–based therapy for endometrial disease using bioartificial grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Han
- Hysteroscopic Center, Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuejiao Ma
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, 12517Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Lu
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, 12517Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Weihong Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, 12517Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Enlan Xia
- Hysteroscopic Center, Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tin-Chiu Li
- Hysteroscopic Center, Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Assisted Conception Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, 12517Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaowu Huang
- Hysteroscopic Center, Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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12
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Effects of Macro-/Micro-Channels on Vascularization and Immune Response of Tissue Engineering Scaffolds. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061514. [PMID: 34208449 PMCID: PMC8235743 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the use of porous scaffolds in tissue engineering has been relatively successful, there are still many limitations that need to be addressed, such as low vascularization, low oxygen and nutrient levels, and immune-induced inflammation. As a result, the current porous scaffolds are insufficient when treating large defects. This paper analyzed scientific research pertaining to the effects of macro-/micro-channels on the cell recruitment, vascularization, and immune response of tissue engineering scaffolds. Most of the studies contained either cell culturing experimentation or experimentation on small animals such as rats and mice. The sacrificial template method, template casting method, and 3D printing method were the most common methods in the fabrication of channeled scaffolds. Some studies combine the sacrificial and 3D printing methods to design and create their scaffold with channels. The overall results from these studies showed that the incorporation of channels within scaffolds greatly increased vascularization, reduced immune response, and was much more beneficial for cell and growth factor recruitment compared with control groups that contained no channels. More research on the effect of micro-/macro-channels on vascularization or immune response in animal models is necessary in the future in order to achieve clinical translation.
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13
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KhaliliJafarabad N, Behnamghader A, Khorasani MT, Mozafari M. Platelet-rich plasma-hyaluronic acid/chondrotin sulfate/carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel for cartilage regeneration. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2021; 69:534-547. [PMID: 33608921 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the chondrogenic potential of hyaluronic acid/chondrotin sulfate/carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogels with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) was evaluated. Here, hyaluronic acid, chondrotin sulfate, and carboxymethyl chitosan were used as the substrate for cartilage tissue engineering in which the hydrogel is formed due to electrostatic and hydrogen bonds through mixing the polymers. Because of the instability of this hydrogel in the biological environment, 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl-carbodiimide hydrochloride/N-hydroxy-succinimide was used as a crosslinker to increase the hydrogel stability. The hydrogels showed reasonable stability due to the combined effect of self-crosslinking and chemical crosslinking. The cells were treated with the prepared hydrogel samples for 14 and 21 days in nondifferentiation medium for evaluation of the cellular behavior of ADMSCs. Gene expression evaluation was performed, and expression of specific genes involved in differentiation was shown in the crosslinked hydrogel with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) (H-EN-P) had increased the gene expression levels. Quantification of immunofluorescence intensity indicated the high level of expression of SOX9 in H-EN-P hydrogel. Based on the results, we confirmed that the presence of PRP and the similarity of the hydrogel constituents to the cartilage extracellular matrix could have positive effects on the differentiation of the cells, which is favorable for cartilage tissue engineering approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadieh KhaliliJafarabad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aliasghar Behnamghader
- Departments of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Materials and Energy Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Masoud Mozafari
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Neuroscience and Neuroimmunology Solutions for Osteoarthritis Pain: Biological Drugs, Growth Factors, Peptides and Monoclonal Antibodies Targeting Peripheral Nerves. NEUROSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/neurosci2010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroscience is a vast discipline that deals with the anatomy, biochemistry, molecular biology, physiology and pathophysiology of central and peripheral nerves. Advances made through basic, translational, and clinical research in the field of neuroscience have great potential for long-lasting and beneficial impacts on human and animal health. The emerging field of biological therapy is intersecting with the disciplines of neuroscience, orthopaedics and rheumatology, creating new horizons for interdisciplinary and applied research. Biological drugs, growth factors, therapeutic peptides and monoclonal antibodies are being developed and tested for the treatment of painful arthritic and rheumatic diseases. This concise communication focuses on the solutions provided by the fields of neuroscience and neuroimmunology for real-world clinical problems in the field of orthopaedics and rheumatology, focusing on synovial joint pain and the emerging biological treatments that specifically target pathways implicated in osteoarthritis pain in peripheral nerves.
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15
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Zhang Y, Pham HM, Munguia-Lopez JG, Kinsella JM, Tran SD. The Optimization of a Novel Hydrogel-Egg White-Alginate for 2.5D Tissue Engineering of Salivary Spheroid-Like Structure. Molecules 2020; 25:E5751. [PMID: 33291221 PMCID: PMC7730374 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels have been used for a variety of biomedical applications; in tissue engineering, they are commonly used as scaffolds to cultivate cells in a three-dimensional (3D) environment allowing the formation of organoids or cellular spheroids. Egg white-alginate (EWA) is a novel hydrogel which combines the advantages of both egg white and alginate; the egg white material provides extracellular matrix (ECM)-like proteins that can mimic the ECM microenvironment, while alginate can be tuned mechanically through its ionic crosslinking property to modify the scaffold's porosity, strength, and stiffness. In this study, a frozen calcium chloride (CaCl2) disk technique to homogenously crosslink alginate and egg white hydrogel is presented for 2.5D culture of human salivary cells. Different EWA formulations were prepared and biologically evaluated as a spheroid-like structure platform. Although all five EWA hydrogels showed biocompatibility, the EWA with 1.5% alginate presented the highest cell viability, while EWA with 3% alginate promoted the formation of larger size salivary spheroid-like structures. Our EWA hydrogel has the potential to be an alternative 3D culture scaffold that can be used for studies on drug-screening, cell migration, or as an in vitro disease model. In addition, EWA can be used as a potential source for cell transplantation (i.e., using this platform as an ex vivo environment for cell expansion). The low cost of producing EWA is an added advantage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuli Zhang
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 3640 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada; (Y.Z.); (H.M.P.); (J.G.M.-L.)
| | - Hieu M. Pham
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 3640 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada; (Y.Z.); (H.M.P.); (J.G.M.-L.)
| | - Jose G. Munguia-Lopez
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 3640 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada; (Y.Z.); (H.M.P.); (J.G.M.-L.)
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, 3480 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 0E9, Canada;
| | - Joseph M. Kinsella
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, 3480 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 0E9, Canada;
| | - Simon D. Tran
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 3640 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada; (Y.Z.); (H.M.P.); (J.G.M.-L.)
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16
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Zhang C, Yang Z, Dong DL, Jang TS, Knowles JC, Kim HW, Jin GZ, Xuan Y. 3D culture technologies of cancer stem cells: promising ex vivo tumor models. J Tissue Eng 2020; 11:2041731420933407. [PMID: 32637062 PMCID: PMC7318804 DOI: 10.1177/2041731420933407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells have been shown to be important in tumorigenesis processes, such as tumor growth, metastasis, and recurrence. As such, many three-dimensional models have been developed to establish an ex vivo microenvironment that cancer stem cells experience under in vivo conditions. Cancer stem cells propagating in three-dimensional culture systems show physiologically related signaling pathway profiles, gene expression, cell-matrix and cell-cell interactions, and drug resistance that reflect at least some of the tumor properties seen in vivo. Herein, we discussed the presently available Cancer stem cell three-dimensional culture models that use biomaterials and engineering tools and the biological implications of these models compared to the conventional ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengye Zhang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Yanbian University College of Medicine, Yanji, China.,Air Force Medical Center of the Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoting Yang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Yanbian University College of Medicine, Yanji, China
| | - Da-Long Dong
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Su Jang
- Department of Pre-Medical Course, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonathan C Knowles
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.,Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK.,Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Guang-Zhen Jin
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yanhua Xuan
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Yanbian University College of Medicine, Yanji, China.,Department of Pathology, Yanbian University College of Medicine, Yanji, China
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17
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Merckx G, Tay H, Lo Monaco M, van Zandvoort M, De Spiegelaere W, Lambrichts I, Bronckaers A. Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay as Model for Angiogenesis in Tissue Engineering: Focus on Stem Cells. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2020; 26:519-539. [PMID: 32220219 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering aims to structurally and functionally regenerate damaged tissues, which requires the formation of new blood vessels that supply oxygen and nutrients by the process of angiogenesis. Stem cells are a promising tool in regenerative medicine due to their combined differentiation and paracrine angiogenic capacities. The study of their proangiogenic properties and associated potential for tissue regeneration requires complex in vivo models comprising all steps of the angiogenic process. The highly vascularized extraembryonic chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of fertilized chicken eggs offers a simple, easy accessible, and cheap angiogenic screening tool compared to other animal models. Although the CAM assay was initially primarily performed for evaluation of tumor growth and metastasis, stem cell studies using this model are increasing. In this review, a detailed summary of angiogenic observations of different mesenchymal, cardiac, and endothelial stem cell types and derivatives in the CAM model is presented. Moreover, we focus on the variation in experimental setup, including the benefits and limitations of in ovo and ex ovo protocols, diverse biological and synthetic scaffolds, imaging techniques, and outcome measures of neovascularization. Finally, advantages and disadvantages of the CAM assay as a model for angiogenesis in tissue engineering in comparison with alternative in vivo animal models are described. Impact statement The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay is an easy and cheap screening tool for the angiogenic properties of stem cells and their associated potential in the tissue engineering field. This review offers an overview of all published angiogenic studies of stem cells using this model, with emphasis on the variation in used experimental timeline, culture protocol (in ovo vs. ex ovo), stem cell type (derivatives), scaffolds, and outcome measures of vascularization. The purpose of this overview is to aid tissue engineering researchers to determine the ideal CAM experimental setup based on their specific study goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greet Merckx
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Hanna Tay
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Melissa Lo Monaco
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Sciences, Integrated Veterinary Research Unit-Namur Research Institute for Life Science (IVRU-NARILIS), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Marc van Zandvoort
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School for Cardiovascular Diseases CARIM and School for Oncology and Development GROW, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ward De Spiegelaere
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Ivo Lambrichts
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Annelies Bronckaers
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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18
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Saberi A, Jabbari F, Zarrintaj P, Saeb MR, Mozafari M. Electrically Conductive Materials: Opportunities and Challenges in Tissue Engineering. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E448. [PMID: 31487913 PMCID: PMC6770812 DOI: 10.3390/biom9090448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering endeavors to regenerate tissues and organs through appropriate cellular and molecular interactions at biological interfaces. To this aim, bio-mimicking scaffolds have been designed and practiced to regenerate and repair dysfunctional tissues by modifying cellular activity. Cellular activity and intracellular signaling are performances given to a tissue as a result of the function of elaborated electrically conductive materials. In some cases, conductive materials have exhibited antibacterial properties; moreover, such materials can be utilized for on-demand drug release. Various types of materials ranging from polymers to ceramics and metals have been utilized as parts of conductive tissue engineering scaffolds, having conductivity assortments from a range of semi-conductive to conductive. The cellular and molecular activity can also be affected by the microstructure; therefore, the fabrication methods should be evaluated along with an appropriate selection of conductive materials. This review aims to address the research progress toward the use of electrically conductive materials for the modulation of cellular response at the material-tissue interface for tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Saberi
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Department, Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC), P.O. Box: 31787-316 Tehran, Iran.
| | - Farzaneh Jabbari
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Department, Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC), P.O. Box: 31787-316 Tehran, Iran.
| | - Payam Zarrintaj
- Polymer Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Urmia University, P.O. Box: 5756151818-165 Urmia, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Saeb
- Department of Resin and Additives, Institute for Color Science and Technology, P.O. Box: 16765-654 Tehran, Iran.
| | - Masoud Mozafari
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), P.O Box: 14665-354 Tehran, Iran.
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19
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Mobaraki M, Abbasi R, Omidian Vandchali S, Ghaffari M, Moztarzadeh F, Mozafari M. Corneal Repair and Regeneration: Current Concepts and Future Directions. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:135. [PMID: 31245365 PMCID: PMC6579817 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The cornea is a unique tissue and the most powerful focusing element of the eye, known as a window to the eye. Infectious or non-infectious diseases might cause severe visual impairments that need medical intervention to restore patients' vision. The most prominent characteristics of the cornea are its mechanical strength and transparency, which are indeed the most important criteria considerations when reconstructing the injured cornea. Corneal strength comes from about 200 collagen lamellae which criss-cross the cornea in different directions and comprise nearly 90% of the thickness of the cornea. Regarding corneal transparency, the specific characteristics of the cornea include its immune and angiogenic privilege besides its limbus zone. On the other hand, angiogenic privilege involves several active cascades in which anti-angiogenic factors are produced to compensate for the enhanced production of proangiogenic factors after wound healing. Limbus of the cornea forms a border between the corneal and conjunctival epithelium, and its limbal stem cells (LSCs) are essential in maintenance and repair of the adult cornea through its support of corneal epithelial tissue repair and regeneration. As a result, the main factors which threaten the corneal clarity are inflammatory reactions, neovascularization, and limbal deficiency. In fact, the influx of inflammatory cells causes scar formation and destruction of the limbus zone. Current studies about wound healing treatment focus on corneal characteristics such as the immune response, angiogenesis, and cell signaling. In this review, studied topics related to wound healing and new approaches in cornea regeneration, which are mostly related to the criteria mentioned above, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadmahdi Mobaraki
- Biomaterials Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Abbasi
- Biomaterials Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajjad Omidian Vandchali
- Biomaterials Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Ghaffari
- Biomaterials Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fathollah Moztarzadeh
- Biomaterials Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Mozafari
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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