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Mohamadzadeh O, Hajinouri M, Moammer F, Tamehri Zadeh SS, Omid Shafiei G, Jafari A, Ostadian A, Talaei Zavareh SA, Hamblin MR, Yazdi AJ, Sheida A, Mirzaei H. Non-coding RNAs and Exosomal Non-coding RNAs in Traumatic Brain Injury: the Small Player with Big Actions. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:4064-4083. [PMID: 37020123 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03321-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, there is an increasing concern regarding traumatic brain injury (TBI) worldwide since substantial morbidity is observed after it, and the long-term consequences that are not yet fully recognized. A number of cellular pathways related to the secondary injury in brain have been identified, including free radical production (owing to mitochondrial dysfunction), excitotoxicity (regulated by excitatory neurotransmitters), apoptosis, and neuroinflammatory responses (as a result of activation of the immune system and central nervous system). In this context, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) maintain a fundamental contribution to post-transcriptional regulation. It has been shown that mammalian brains express high levels of ncRNAs that are involved in several brain physiological processes. Furthermore, altered levels of ncRNA expression have been found in those with traumatic as well non-traumatic brain injuries. The current review highlights the primary molecular mechanisms participated in TBI that describes the latest and novel results about changes and role of ncRNAs in TBI in both clinical and experimental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Mohamadzadeh
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsasadat Hajinouri
- Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Moammer
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | | | | | - Ameneh Jafari
- Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP) Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirreza Ostadian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
| | | | - Amirhossein Sheida
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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Liu B, Liu J, Zhang J, Mao W, Li S. Effects of autophagy on synaptic-plasticity-related protein expression in the hippocampus CA1 of a rat model of vascular dementia. Neurosci Lett 2019; 707:134312. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Aversive learning-induced plasticity throughout the adult mammalian olfactory system: insights across development. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2018; 51:15-27. [PMID: 30171506 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-018-9770-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Experiences, such as sensory learning, are known to induce plasticity in mammalian sensory systems. In recent years aversive olfactory learning-induced plasticity has been identified at all stages of the adult olfactory pathway; however, the underlying mechanisms have yet to be identified. Much of the work regarding mechanisms of olfactory associative learning comes from neonates, a time point before which the brain or olfactory system is fully developed. In addition, pups and adults often express different behavioral outcomes when subjected to the same olfactory aversive conditioning paradigm, making it difficult to directly attribute pup mechanisms of plasticity to adults. Despite the differences, there is evidence of similarities between pups and adults in terms of learning-induced changes in the olfactory system, suggesting at least some conserved mechanisms. Identifying these conserved mechanisms of plasticity would dramatically increase our understanding of how the brain is able to alter encoding and consolidation of salient olfactory information even at the earliest stages following aversive learning. The focus of this review is to systematically examine literature regarding olfactory associative learning across developmental stages and search for similarities in order to build testable hypotheses that will inform future studies of aversive learning-induced sensory plasticity in adults.
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Amtul Z. Neural plasticity and memory: molecular mechanism. Rev Neurosci 2015; 26:253-68. [PMID: 25995328 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2014-0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Deciphering the cellular and molecular mechanisms of memory has been an important topic encompassing the learning and memory domain besides the neurodegenerative disorders. Synapses accumulate cognitive information from life-lasting alterations of their molecular and structural composition. Current memory storage models identify posttranslational modification imperative for short-term information storage and mRNA translation for long-term information storage. However, the precise account of these modifications has not been summarized at the individual synapse level. Therefore, herein we describe the spatiotemporal reorganization of synaptic plasticity at the dendritic spine level to elucidate the mechanism through which synaptic substructures are remodeled; though at the molecular level, such mechanisms are still quite unclear. It has thus been concluded that the existing mechanisms do not entirely elaborate memory storage processes. Further efforts are therefore encouraged to delineate the mechanism of neuronal connectivity at the chemical level as well, including inter- or intramolecular bonding patterns at the synaptic level, which may be a permissive and vital step of memory storage.
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Macromolecular transport in synapse to nucleus communication. Trends Neurosci 2014; 38:108-16. [PMID: 25534890 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Local signaling events at synapses or axon terminals must be communicated to the nucleus to elicit transcriptional responses. The lengths of neuronal processes pose a significant challenge for such intracellular communication. This challenge is met by mechanisms ranging from rapid signals encoded in calcium waves to slower macromolecular signaling complexes carried by molecular motors. Here we summarize recent findings on macromolecular signaling from the synapse to the nucleus, in comparison to those employed in injury signaling along axons. A number of common themes emerge, including combinatorial signal encoding by post-translational mechanisms such as differential phosphorylation and proteolysis, and conserved roles for importins in coordinating signaling complexes. Neurons may integrate ionic flux with motor-transported signals as a temporal code for synaptic plasticity signaling.
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Maggio N, Vlachos A. Synaptic plasticity at the interface of health and disease: New insights on the role of endoplasmic reticulum intracellular calcium stores. Neuroscience 2014; 281:135-46. [PMID: 25264032 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Revised: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Work from the past 40years has unraveled a wealth of information on the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying synaptic plasticity and their relevance in physiological brain function. At the same time, it has been recognized that a broad range of neurological diseases may be accompanied by severe alterations in synaptic plasticity, i.e., 'maladaptive synaptic plasticity', which could initiate and sustain the remodeling of neuronal networks under pathological conditions. Nonetheless, our current knowledge on the specific contribution and interaction of distinct forms of synaptic plasticity (including metaplasticity and homeostatic plasticity) in the context of pathological brain states remains limited. This review focuses on recent experimental evidence, which highlights the fundamental role of endoplasmic reticulum-mediated Ca(2+) signals in modulating the duration, direction, extent and type of synaptic plasticity. We discuss the possibility that intracellular Ca(2+) stores may regulate synaptic plasticity and hence behavioral and cognitive functions at the interface between physiology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Maggio
- Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, Department of Neurology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, 52621 Tel HaShomer, Israel
| | - A Vlachos
- Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Neuroscience Center, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.
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Liu L, Sun T, Liu Z, Chen X, Zhao L, Qu G, Li Q. Traumatic brain injury dysregulates microRNAs to modulate cell signaling in rat hippocampus. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103948. [PMID: 25089700 PMCID: PMC4121204 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common cause for cognitive and communication problems, but the molecular and cellular mechanisms are not well understood. Epigenetic modifications, such as microRNA (miRNA) dysregulation, may underlie altered gene expression in the brain, especially hippocampus that plays a major role in spatial learning and memory and is vulnerable to TBI. To advance our understanding of miRNA in pathophysiological processes of TBI, we carried out a time-course microarray analysis of microRNA expression profile in rat ipsilateral hippocampus and examined histological changes, apoptosis and synapse ultrastructure of hippocampus post moderate TBI. We found that 10 out of 156 reliably detected miRNAs were significantly and consistently altered from one hour to seven days after injury. Bioinformatic and gene ontology analyses revealed 107 putative target genes, as well as several biological processes that might be initiated by those dysregulated miRNAs. Among those differentially expressed microRNAs, miR-144, miR-153 and miR-340-5p were confirmed to be elevated at all five time points after TBI by quantitative RT-PCR. Western blots showed three of the predicated target proteins, calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase (CASK), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and alpha-synuclein (SNCA), were concurrently down- regulated, suggesting that miR-144, miR-153 and miR-340-5p may play important roles collaboratively in the pathogenesis of TBI-induced cognitive and memory impairments. These microRNAs might serve as potential targets for progress assessment and intervention against TBI to mitigate secondary damage to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Liu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Science, China University of Political Science and Law, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Tingyi Sun
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zilong Liu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail: (ZL); (QL)
| | - Xiaorui Chen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lili Zhao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guoqiang Qu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingjie Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail: (ZL); (QL)
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