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Zhang Y, Yang M, Ng DM, Haleem M, Yi T, Hu S, Zhu H, Zhao G, Liao Q. Multi-omics Data Analyses Construct TME and Identify the Immune-Related Prognosis Signatures in Human LUAD. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 21:860-873. [PMID: 32805489 PMCID: PMC7452010 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer has been the focus of attention for many researchers in recent years for the leading contribution to cancer-related death worldwide, in which lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common histological type. However, the potential mechanism behind LUAD initiation and progression remains unclear. Aiming to dissect the tumor microenvironment of LUAD and to discover more informative prognosis signatures, we investigated the immune-related differences in three types of genetic or epigenetic characteristics (expression status, somatic mutation, and DNA methylation) and considered the potential roles that these alterations have in the immune response and both the immune-related metabolic and neural systems by analyzing the multi-omics data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) portal. Additionally, a four-step strategy based on lasso regression and Cox regression was used to construct the prognostic prediction model. For the prognostic predictions on the independent test set, the performance of the trained models (average concordance index [C-index] = 0.839) is satisfied, with average 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year areas under the curve (AUCs) equal to 0.796, 0.786, and 0.777. Finally, the overall model was constructed based on all samples, which comprised 27 variables and achieved a high degree of accuracy on the 1-year (AUC = 0.861), 3-year (AUC = 0.850), and 5-year (AUC = 0.916) survival predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Zhang
- Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China; Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology Technology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Minglei Yang
- Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China; Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Derry Minyao Ng
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology Technology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Maria Haleem
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology Technology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Tianfei Yi
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology Technology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shiyun Hu
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology Technology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Huangkai Zhu
- Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China; Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Guofang Zhao
- Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China; Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences.
| | - Qi Liao
- Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China; Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology Technology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences.
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Baumann D, Hägele T, Mochayedi J, Drebant J, Vent C, Blobner S, Noll JH, Nickel I, Schumacher C, Boos SL, Daniel AS, Wendler S, Volkmar M, Strobel O, Offringa R. Proimmunogenic impact of MEK inhibition synergizes with agonist anti-CD40 immunostimulatory antibodies in tumor therapy. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2176. [PMID: 32358491 PMCID: PMC7195409 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15979-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer types with lower mutational load and a non-permissive tumor microenvironment are intrinsically resistant to immune checkpoint blockade. While the combination of cytostatic drugs and immunostimulatory antibodies constitutes an attractive concept for overcoming this refractoriness, suppression of immune cell function by cytostatic drugs may limit therapeutic efficacy. Here we show that targeted inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase (MEK) does not impair dendritic cell-mediated T cell priming and activation. Accordingly, combining MEK inhibitors (MEKi) with agonist antibodies (Abs) targeting the immunostimulatory CD40 receptor results in potent synergistic antitumor efficacy. Detailed analysis of the mechanism of action of MEKi shows that this drug exerts multiple pro-immunogenic effects, including the suppression of M2-type macrophages, myeloid derived suppressor cells and T-regulatory cells. The combination of MEK inhibition with agonist anti-CD40 Ab is therefore a promising therapeutic concept, especially for the treatment of mutant Kras-driven tumors such as pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have limited efficacy in tumors with lower mutational burden and non-permissive microenvironment. Here, the authors show that combining MEK inhibition with an agonist anti-CD40 immunostimulatory antibody improves antitumor treatment by inducing immunogenic changes in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Baumann
- Department of Molecular Oncology of Gastrointestinal Tumors, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Baden-Wuerttemberg, 69120, Germany.,Department of Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Baden-Wuerttemberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Tanja Hägele
- Department of Molecular Oncology of Gastrointestinal Tumors, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Baden-Wuerttemberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Julian Mochayedi
- Department of Molecular Oncology of Gastrointestinal Tumors, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Baden-Wuerttemberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Jennifer Drebant
- Department of Molecular Oncology of Gastrointestinal Tumors, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Baden-Wuerttemberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Caroline Vent
- Department of Molecular Oncology of Gastrointestinal Tumors, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Baden-Wuerttemberg, 69120, Germany.,Department of Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Baden-Wuerttemberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Sven Blobner
- Department of Molecular Oncology of Gastrointestinal Tumors, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Baden-Wuerttemberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Julia Han Noll
- Department of Molecular Oncology of Gastrointestinal Tumors, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Baden-Wuerttemberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Irena Nickel
- Department of Molecular Oncology of Gastrointestinal Tumors, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Baden-Wuerttemberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Corinna Schumacher
- Department of Molecular Oncology of Gastrointestinal Tumors, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Baden-Wuerttemberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Sophie Luise Boos
- Department of Molecular Oncology of Gastrointestinal Tumors, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Baden-Wuerttemberg, 69120, Germany.,Department of Oncogenic signaling pathways of colorectal/pancreatic cancer, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet, Munich, Bavaria, 80539, Germany
| | - Aline Sophie Daniel
- Department of Molecular Oncology of Gastrointestinal Tumors, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Baden-Wuerttemberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Susann Wendler
- Department of Molecular Oncology of Gastrointestinal Tumors, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Baden-Wuerttemberg, 69120, Germany.,Department of Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Baden-Wuerttemberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Michael Volkmar
- Department of Molecular Oncology of Gastrointestinal Tumors, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Baden-Wuerttemberg, 69120, Germany.,Department of Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Baden-Wuerttemberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Oliver Strobel
- Department of Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Baden-Wuerttemberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Rienk Offringa
- Department of Molecular Oncology of Gastrointestinal Tumors, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Baden-Wuerttemberg, 69120, Germany. .,Department of Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Baden-Wuerttemberg, 69120, Germany.
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Xue J, Jin X, Wan X, Yin X, Fang M, Liu T, Zhao S. Effects and Mechanism of Tanshinone II A in Proliferation, Apoptosis, and Migration of Human Colon Cancer Cells. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:4793-4800. [PMID: 31250836 PMCID: PMC6612241 DOI: 10.12659/msm.914446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to explore the effect and mechanism of tanshinone II A on proliferation, apoptosis, and migration of human colon cancer cells. Material/Methods CCK-8 approach was carried out to evaluate proliferation after applying various levels of tanshinone II A to SW620 colon carcinoma cells. Flow cytometry (FC) was used to assess apoptosis. Transwell assay was performed to assess invasion in vitro, and the wound-healing assay was applied to assess migration. Western blot analysis was performed to evaluate translation of mTOR, while RT-PCR was carried out to assess transcription of VEGF. Results CCK-8 assay showed that tanshinone II A inhibited SW620 proliferation in comparison to the control group subsequent to 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h (P<0.001). FC revealed that tanshinone II A promoted SW620 apoptosis (P<0.001). The cell migration test revealed that the migration index of cells receiving tanshinone II A decreased. mTOR translation as well as VEGE transcription in cells receiving tanshinone II A was noticeably prohibited compared to control group (P<0.001). Conclusions Tanshinone II A is able to inhibit proliferation and migration of human colon cancer SW620 cells and promoted cell death. Its mechanism may be by downregulation of mTOR protein and VEGF mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlai Xue
- China Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Xuezhu Jin
- Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Xuewen Wan
- China Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Xiangdang Yin
- Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Meishan Fang
- China Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Tongjun Liu
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Shuhua Zhao
- China Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
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Allen A, Wang C, Caproni LJ, Sugiyarto G, Harden E, Douglas LR, Duriez PJ, Karbowniczek K, Extance J, Rothwell PJ, Orefo I, Tite JP, Stevenson FK, Ottensmeier CH, Savelyeva N. Linear doggybone DNA vaccine induces similar immunological responses to conventional plasmid DNA independently of immune recognition by TLR9 in a pre-clinical model. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2018; 67:627-638. [PMID: 29330557 PMCID: PMC5860099 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-017-2111-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Vaccination with DNA that encodes cancer antigens is a simple and convenient way to raise immunity against cancer and has already shown promise in the clinical setting. Conventional plasmid DNA is commonly used which together with the encoded antigen also includes bacterial immunostimulatory CpG motifs to target the DNA sensor Toll-like receptor 9. Recently DNA vaccines using doggybone DNA (dbDNA™), have been developed without the use of bacteria. The cell-free process relies on the use of Phi29 DNA polymerase to amplify the template followed by protelomerase TelN to complete individual closed linear DNA. The resulting DNA contains the required antigenic sequence, a promoter and a poly A tail but lacks bacterial sequences such as an antibiotic resistance gene, prompting the question of immunogenicity. Here we compared the ability of doggybone DNA vaccine with plasmid DNA vaccine to induce adaptive immunity using clinically relevant oncotargets E6 and E7 from HPV. We demonstrate that despite the inability to trigger TLR9, doggybone DNA was able to induce similar levels of cellular and humoral immunity as plasmid DNA, with suppression of established TC-1 tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Allen
- Cancer Sciences Unit and Cancer Research UK and Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre Protein Core Facility, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Chuan Wang
- Cancer Sciences Unit and Cancer Research UK and Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre Protein Core Facility, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Lisa J Caproni
- Touchlight Genetics Ltd, Morelands and Riverdale Buildings, Lower Sunbury Road, Hampton, London, TW12 2ER, UK
| | - Gessa Sugiyarto
- Cancer Sciences Unit and Cancer Research UK and Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre Protein Core Facility, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Elena Harden
- Cancer Sciences Unit and Cancer Research UK and Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre Protein Core Facility, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Leon R Douglas
- Cancer Sciences Unit and Cancer Research UK and Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre Protein Core Facility, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Patrick J Duriez
- Cancer Sciences Unit and Cancer Research UK and Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre Protein Core Facility, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Kinga Karbowniczek
- Touchlight Genetics Ltd, Morelands and Riverdale Buildings, Lower Sunbury Road, Hampton, London, TW12 2ER, UK
| | - Jon Extance
- Touchlight Genetics Ltd, Morelands and Riverdale Buildings, Lower Sunbury Road, Hampton, London, TW12 2ER, UK
| | - Paul J Rothwell
- Touchlight Genetics Ltd, Morelands and Riverdale Buildings, Lower Sunbury Road, Hampton, London, TW12 2ER, UK
| | - Ifeayinwa Orefo
- Touchlight Genetics Ltd, Morelands and Riverdale Buildings, Lower Sunbury Road, Hampton, London, TW12 2ER, UK
| | - John P Tite
- Touchlight Genetics Ltd, Morelands and Riverdale Buildings, Lower Sunbury Road, Hampton, London, TW12 2ER, UK
| | - Freda K Stevenson
- Cancer Sciences Unit and Cancer Research UK and Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre Protein Core Facility, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Christian H Ottensmeier
- Cancer Sciences Unit and Cancer Research UK and Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre Protein Core Facility, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Natalia Savelyeva
- Cancer Sciences Unit and Cancer Research UK and Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre Protein Core Facility, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.
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Meleshko AN, Petrovskaya NA, Savelyeva N, Vashkevich KP, Doronina SN, Sachivko NV. Phase I clinical trial of idiotypic DNA vaccine administered as a complex with polyethylenimine to patients with B-cell lymphoma. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2017; 13:1-6. [PMID: 28272989 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1285477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on the design of a phase I, non-randomized, open-label study of idiotypic DNA vaccination in patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (ISRCTN31090206). The study uses DNA fusion gene vaccination encoding patient-specific single chain variable fragment, or idiotype, linked to an immunostimulatory sequence. Two types of immunostimulatory sequence are being explored: potato virus X coat protein and human chemokine MIP3α. Linear polyethylenimine with low molecular weight (8 kDa) is used as a synthetic vehicle for vaccine delivery. Humoral and T-cellular immune responses to vaccination will be measured by ELISA and ELISPOT, respectively. The primary study endpoints are safety, tolerability and immunogenicity of DNA-PEI vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Meleshko
- a Belarusian Research Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology , Minsk , Belarus
| | - N A Petrovskaya
- b N.N. Alexandrov National Cancer Centre of Belarus , Minsk , Belarus
| | - N Savelyeva
- c Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton , Southampton , UK
| | - K P Vashkevich
- a Belarusian Research Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology , Minsk , Belarus
| | - S N Doronina
- a Belarusian Research Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology , Minsk , Belarus
| | - N V Sachivko
- b N.N. Alexandrov National Cancer Centre of Belarus , Minsk , Belarus
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