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Benavides D, Ebrahim A, Ravell JC, Lenardo M, Gahl WA, Toro C. Adult-onset neurodegeneration in XMEN disease. J Neuroimmunol 2024; 386:578251. [PMID: 38041964 PMCID: PMC10842803 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2023.578251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND XMEN (X-linked immunodeficiency with magnesium defect, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and N-linked glycosylation defect) disease results from loss-of-function mutations in MAGT1, a protein that serves as a magnesium transporter and a subunit of the oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) complex. MAGT1 deficiency disrupts N-linked glycosylation, a critical regulator of immune function. XMEN results in recurrent EBV infections and a propensity for EBV-driven malignancies. Although XMEN is recognized as a systemic congenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG), its neurological involvement is rare and poorly characterized. CASES Two young men, ages 32 and 33, are described here with truncating mutations in MAGT1, progressive behavioral changes, and neurodegenerative symptoms. These features manifested well into adulthood. Both patients still presented with many of the molecular and clinical hallmarks of the typical XMEN patient, including chronic EBV viremia and decreased expression of NKG2D. CONCLUSION While previously unrecognized, XMEN may include prominent and disabling CNS manifestations. How MAGT1 deficiency directly or indirectly contributes to neurodegeneration remains unclear. Elucidating this mechanism may contribute to the understanding of neurodegeneration more broadly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Benavides
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Anusha Ebrahim
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Juan C Ravell
- Center for Allergy, Asthma, & Immune Disorders, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA; Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Michael Lenardo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - William A Gahl
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Camilo Toro
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Schreiner Y, Stoll T, Nowak O, Weis M, Hetjens S, Steck E, Perez Ortiz A, Rafat N. aCGH Analysis Reveals Novel Mutations Associated with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Plus (CDH+). J Clin Med 2023; 12:6111. [PMID: 37834755 PMCID: PMC10573849 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12196111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a major birth anomaly that often occurs with additional non-hernia-related malformations, and is then referred to as CDH+. While the impact of genetic alterations does not play a major role in isolated CDH, patients with CDH+ display mutations that are usually determined via array-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH). We analyzed 43 patients with CDH+ between 2012 and 2021 to identify novel specific mutations via aCGH associated with CDH+ and its outcome. Deletions (n = 32) and duplications (n = 29) classified as either pathological or variants of unknown significance (VUS) could be detected. We determined a heterozygous deletion of approximately 3.75 Mb located at 8p23.1 involving several genes including GATA4, NEIL2, SOX7, and MSRA, which was consequently evaluated as pathological. Another heterozygous deletion within the region of 9p23 (9,972,017-10,034,230 kb) encompassing the Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type Delta gene (PTPRD) was identified in 2 patients. This work expands the knowledge of genetic alterations associated with CDH+ and proposes two novel candidate genes discovered via aCGH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Schreiner
- Department of Neonatology, University Children’s Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 69117 Mannheim, Germany; (Y.S.); (T.S.); (A.P.O.)
| | - Teresa Stoll
- Department of Neonatology, University Children’s Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 69117 Mannheim, Germany; (Y.S.); (T.S.); (A.P.O.)
| | - Oliver Nowak
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany;
| | - Meike Weis
- Department of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 69117 Mannheim, Germany;
| | - Svetlana Hetjens
- Department of Medical Statistics and Biomathematics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 69117 Mannheim, Germany;
| | - Eric Steck
- SYNLAB Centre for Human Genetics, 68163 Mannheim, Germany;
| | - Alba Perez Ortiz
- Department of Neonatology, University Children’s Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 69117 Mannheim, Germany; (Y.S.); (T.S.); (A.P.O.)
| | - Neysan Rafat
- Department of Neonatology, University Children’s Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 69117 Mannheim, Germany; (Y.S.); (T.S.); (A.P.O.)
- Department of Neonatology, Center for Children, Adolescent and Women’s Medicine, Olgahospital, Klinikum Stuttgart, 70174 Stuttgart, Germany
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Cai M, Que Y, Chen X, Chen Y, Liang B, Huang H, Xu L, Lin N. 16p13.11 microdeletion/microduplication in fetuses: investigation of associated ultrasound phenotypes, genetic anomalies, and pregnancy outcome follow-up. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2022; 22:913. [PMID: 36476185 PMCID: PMC9727942 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-022-05267-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES 16p13.11 microdeletion/microduplication are rare genetic diseases with incomplete penetrance, most of which have been reported in adults and children, with ultrasound phenotyping in fetuses rarely described. Here, we have analyzed prenatal ultrasound phenotypic characteristics associated with 16p13.11 microdeletion/microduplication, in order to improve the understanding, diagnosis and monitoring of this disease in the fetus. METHODS A total of 9000 pregnant women who underwent invasive prenatal diagnosis for karyotyping and SNP-array were retrospectively analyzed in tertiary referral institutions from October 2016 to January 2022. RESULTS SNP-array revealed that 20 fetuses had copy number variation (CNV) in the 16p13.11 region, out of which 5 had 16p13.11 microdeletion and the rest showed microduplication, along with different ultrasound phenotypes. Furthermore, 4/20 cases demonstrated structural abnormalities, while the remaining 16 cases were atypical in ultrasound. Taken together, 16p13.1 microdeletion was closely related to thickened nuchal translucency, while 16p13.11 microduplication was more closely associated with echogenic bowel. Only 5/15 fetuses were verified by pedigree, with one case of 16p13.11 microdeletion being de novo, and the other cases of 16p13.11 microduplication were inherited from one parent. In 4/20 cases, the pregnancy was terminated. Except for one case with short stature and another one who underwent lung cystadenoma surgery, no abnormalities were reported in the other cases during follow-up. CONCLUSION Fetuses with 16p13.11 microdeletion/microduplication had no characteristic phenotype of intrauterine ultrasound and was in good health after birth, thus providing a reference for the perinatal management of such cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiying Cai
- grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307 Medical Genetic Diagnosis and Therapy Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Key Laboratory for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Defect, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanting Que
- grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xuemei Chen
- grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307 Medical Genetic Diagnosis and Therapy Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Key Laboratory for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Defect, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuqing Chen
- grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307 Medical Genetic Diagnosis and Therapy Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Key Laboratory for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Defect, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bin Liang
- grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307 Medical Genetic Diagnosis and Therapy Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Key Laboratory for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Defect, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hailong Huang
- grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307 Medical Genetic Diagnosis and Therapy Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Key Laboratory for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Defect, Fuzhou, China
| | - Liangpu Xu
- grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307 Medical Genetic Diagnosis and Therapy Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Key Laboratory for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Defect, Fuzhou, China
| | - Na Lin
- grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307 Medical Genetic Diagnosis and Therapy Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Key Laboratory for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Defect, Fuzhou, China
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Özmansur EN, Pedük Y, Gümüş H, Çağlayan AO, Per H. A novel homozygous frameshift mutation in the TUSC3 gene identified in siblings with intellectual disability. Clin Dysmorphol 2022; 31:36-38. [PMID: 34538860 DOI: 10.1097/mcd.0000000000000392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yakup Pedük
- Erciyes University Children's Hospital Department of Pediatric Neurology
| | - Hakan Gümüş
- Erciyes University Children's Hospital Department of Pediatric Neurology
| | - Ahmet Okay Çağlayan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Dokuz Eylül University Medical Faculty, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Per
- Erciyes University Children's Hospital Department of Pediatric Neurology
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5
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Albobali Y, Shahwan MY, Madi MY, Al-Nuaimi S. Two Sisters From Qatar With TUSC3 Genetic Mutation: Psychiatric Considerations. Cureus 2021; 13:e17616. [PMID: 34646667 PMCID: PMC8483409 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.17616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Defects in the tumor suppressor candidate 3 (TUSC3) gene have been identified in individuals with autosomal recessive intellectual disability (ARID). Our report on two sisters from Qatar with a mutation in the TUSC3 gene focuses on the behavioral manifestations and management provided to them. The sisters, daughters of consanguineous parents, exhibited aggressive and impulsive behavior, along with hyperactivity and emotional dysregulation. They also exhibited abnormal sleep and eating patterns. Behavioral therapy and psychotropic medications including aripiprazole 3.75mg, clonidine 0.025mg, and guanfacine 1mg were used for the management of aggressive and agitated behavior. The two girls showed a reduction in aggressive behavior, hyperactivity, impulsivity, and insomnia in response to 2mg daily of guanfacine. Few families around the world were reported to have mutations in the TUSC3 gene resulting in intellectual disability. We describe the first two reported cases of TUSC3 gene mutation in Qatar. We encourage further research to study the effects of TUSC3 gene mutation, its manifestations, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mahmoud Y Madi
- Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center (KUMC), Kansas City, USA
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Abstract
Folding of proteins is essential so that they can exert their functions. For proteins that transit the secretory pathway, folding occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and various chaperone systems assist in acquiring their correct folding/subunit formation. N-glycosylation is one of the most conserved posttranslational modification for proteins, and in eukaryotes it occurs in the ER. Consequently, eukaryotic cells have developed various systems that utilize N-glycans to dictate and assist protein folding, or if they consistently fail to fold properly, to destroy proteins for quality control and the maintenance of homeostasis of proteins in the ER.
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7
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Gumus E. A Homozygous 1.16 Megabases Microdeletion at 8p22 Including The Whole TUSC3 in A Three Years Old Girl with Intellectual Disability and Speech Delay. CELL JOURNAL 2019; 22:128-132. [PMID: 31606977 PMCID: PMC6791072 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2020.6606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Intellectual disability (ID) is defined as an intelligence quotient (IQ) level below than 70. In the present paper, a 1.16
megabases (Mb) homozygous deletion in the 8p22 region was identified in a three years old girl with ID, speech and
developmental delays. This is the first report from Turkey with this form of ID. The present paper demonstrates that
application of microarray technique to help clinicians, especially when clinical diagnosis includes a complex group of
disorders (such as ID) and differential diagnostic list is broad.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evren Gumus
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Harran, Sanliurfa, Turkey. Electronic Address:.,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Mugla Sitki Kocman, Mugla, Turkey
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8
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Yu X, Zhai C, Fan Y, Zhang J, Liang N, Liu F, Cao L, Wang J, Du J. TUSC3: a novel tumour suppressor gene and its functional implications. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 21:1711-1718. [PMID: 28272772 PMCID: PMC5571513 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumour suppressor candidate 3 (TUSC3) gene is located on chromosome region 8p22 and encodes the 34 kD TUSC3 protein, which is a subunit of the oligosaccharyl transferase responsible for the N‐glycosylation of nascent proteins. Known to be related to autosomal recessive mental retardation for several years, TUSC3 has only recently been identified as a potential tumour suppressor gene. Based on the structure and function of TUSC3, specific mechanisms in various diseases have been investigated. Several studies have demonstrated that TUSC3 is an Mg2+‐transporter involved in magnesium transport and homeostasis, which is important for learning and memory, embryonic development and testis maturation. Moreover, dysfunction or deletion of TUSC3 exerts its oncological effects as a modulator by inhibiting glycosylation efficiency and consequently inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress and malignant cell transformation. In this study, we summarize the advances in the studies of TUSC3 and comment on the potential roles of TUSC3 in diagnosis and treatment of TUSC3‐related diseases, especially cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinshuang Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chunjuan Zhai
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yujun Fan
- Medical Management Service Center of Shandong Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission, Jinan, China
| | - Jiandong Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ning Liang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fengjun Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lili Cao
- Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jia Wang
- China Institute of Veterinary Drugs Control, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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9
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Jiang Z, Guo M, Zhang X, Yao L, Shen J, Ma G, Liu L, Zhao L, Xie C, Liang H, Wang H, Zhu M, Hu L, Song Y, Shen H, Lin Z. TUSC3 suppresses glioblastoma development by inhibiting Akt signaling. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:12039-12047. [PMID: 27177902 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5072-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiform is one of the most common and most aggressive brain tumors in humans. The molecular and cellular mechanisms responsible for the onset and progression of GBM are elusive and controversial. The function of tumor suppressor candidate 3 (TUSC3) has not been previously characterized in GBM. TUSC3 was originally identified as part of an enzyme complex involved in N-glycosylation of proteins, but was recently implicated as a potential tumor suppressor gene in a variety of cancer types. In this study, we demonstrated that the expression levels of TUSC3 were downregulated in both GBM tissues and cells, and also found that overexpression of TUSC3 inhibits GBM cell proliferation and invasion. In addition, the effects of increased levels of methylation on the TUSC3 promoter were responsible for decreased expression of TUSC3 in GBM. Finally, we determined that TUSC3 regulates proliferation and invasion of GBM cells by inhibiting the activity of the Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfeng Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, China
| | - Mian Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiangtong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, China
| | - Lifen Yao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jia Shen
- Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Guizhen Ma
- Department of Operating Rooms, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, China
| | - Liwei Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, China
| | - Chuncheng Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, China
| | - Hongsheng Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, China
| | - Minwei Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, China
| | - Li Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, China
| | - Yuanyuan Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, China
| | - Hong Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, China
| | - Zhiguo Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, China.
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Al-Amri A, Saegh AA, Al-Mamari W, El-Asrag ME, Ivorra JL, Cardno AG, Inglehearn CF, Clapcote SJ, Ali M. Homozygous single base deletion inTUSC3causes intellectual disability with developmental delay in an Omani family. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 170:1826-31. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al-Amri
- Section of Ophthalmology and Neuroscience; Leeds Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences; University of Leeds; United Kingdom
- School of Biomedical Sciences; University of Leeds; United Kingdom
- National Genetic Centre; Directorate General of Royal Hospital; Ministry of Health; Muscat Oman
| | - Abeer Al Saegh
- Genetic and Developmental Medicine Clinic; Genetics Department; Sultan Qaboos University Hospital; Muscat Oman
| | - Watfa Al-Mamari
- Developmental Pediatric Unit; Child Health Department; Sultan Qaboos University Hospital; Muscat Oman
| | - Mohammed E. El-Asrag
- Section of Ophthalmology and Neuroscience; Leeds Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences; University of Leeds; United Kingdom
- Department of Zoology; Faculty of Science; Benha University; Benha Egypt
| | - Jose L. Ivorra
- Section of Ophthalmology and Neuroscience; Leeds Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences; University of Leeds; United Kingdom
- School of Biomedical Sciences; University of Leeds; United Kingdom
| | - Alastair G. Cardno
- Academic Unit of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences; Leeds Institute of Health Sciences; University of Leeds; United Kingdom
| | - Chris F. Inglehearn
- Section of Ophthalmology and Neuroscience; Leeds Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences; University of Leeds; United Kingdom
| | | | - Manir Ali
- Section of Ophthalmology and Neuroscience; Leeds Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences; University of Leeds; United Kingdom
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Cherepanova N, Shrimal S, Gilmore R. N-linked glycosylation and homeostasis of the endoplasmic reticulum. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2016; 41:57-65. [PMID: 27085638 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2016.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
As a major site of protein biosynthesis, homeostasis of the endoplasmic reticulum is critical for cell viability. Asparagine linked glycosylation of newly synthesized proteins by the oligosaccharyltransferase plays a central role in ER homeostasis due to the use of protein-linked oligosaccharides as recognition and timing markers for glycoprotein quality control pathways that discriminate between correctly folded proteins and terminally malfolded proteins destined for ER associated degradation. Recent findings indicate how the oligosaccharyltransferase achieves efficient and accurate glycosylation of the diverse proteins that enter the endoplasmic reticulum. In metazoan organisms two distinct OST complexes cooperate to maximize the glycosylation of nascent proteins. The STT3B complex glycosylates acceptor sites that have been skipped by the translocation channel associated STT3A complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Cherepanova
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, United States
| | - Shiteshu Shrimal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, United States
| | - Reid Gilmore
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, United States.
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