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Reactive Oxygen Species in the Reproductive System: Sources and Physiological Roles. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1358:9-40. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-89340-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Zhang L, Li F, Lei P, Guo M, Liu R, Wang L, Yu T, Lv Y, Zhang T, Zeng W, Lu H, Zheng Y. Single-cell RNA-sequencing reveals the dynamic process and novel markers in porcine spermatogenesis. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2021; 12:122. [PMID: 34872612 PMCID: PMC8650533 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-021-00638-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Spermatogenesis is the process by which male gametes are formed from spermatogonial stem cells and it is essential for the reliable transmission of genetic information between generations. To date, the dynamic transcriptional changes of defined populations of male germ cells in pigs have not been reported. Results To characterize the atlas of porcine spermatogenesis, we profiled the transcriptomes of ~ 16,966 testicular cells from a 150-day-old pig testis through single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq). The scRNA-seq analysis identified spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatids and three somatic cell types in porcine testes. The functional enrichment analysis demonstrated that these cell types played diverse roles in porcine spermatogenesis. The accuracy of the defined porcine germ cell types was further validated by comparing the data from scRNA-seq with those from bulk RNA-seq. Since we delineated four distinct spermatogonial subsets, we further identified CD99 and PODXL2 as novel cell surface markers for undifferentiated and differentiating spermatogonia, respectively. Conclusions The present study has for the first time analyzed the transcriptome of male germ cells and somatic cells in porcine testes through scRNA-seq. Four subsets of spermatogonia were identified and two novel cell surface markers were discovered, which would be helpful for studies on spermatogonial differentiation in pigs. The datasets offer valuable information on porcine spermatogenesis, and pave the way for identification of key molecular markers involved in development of male germ cells. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40104-021-00638-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingkai Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fuyuan Li
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peipei Lei
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ming Guo
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ruifang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ling Wang
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723001, Shaanxi, China
| | - Taiyong Yu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yinghua Lv
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723001, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenxian Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Hongzhao Lu
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723001, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yi Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Zhang DD, Gao XM, Zhao YQ, Hou CC, Zhu JQ. The C-terminal kinesin motor KIFC1 may participate in nuclear reshaping and flagellum formation during spermiogenesis of Larimichthys crocea. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2017; 43:1351-1371. [PMID: 28534180 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-017-0377-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is a highly ordered process in the differentiation of male germ cells. Nuclear morphogenesis is one of the most fundamental cellular transformations to take place during spermatogenesis. These striking transformations from spermatogonia to spermatozoa are a result of phase-specific adaption of the cytoskeleton and its association with molecular motor proteins. KIFC1 is a C-terminal kinesin motor protein that plays an essential role in acrosome formation and nuclear reshaping during spermiogenesis in mammals. To explore its functions during the same process in Larimichthys crocea, we cloned and characterized the cDNA of a mammalian KIFC1 homolog (termed lc-KIFC1) from the total RNA of the testis. The 2481 bp complete lc-KIFC1 cDNA contained a 53 bp 5' untranslated region, a 535 bp 3' untranslated region, and a 1893 bp open reading frame that encoded a special protein of 630 amino acids. The predicted lc-KIFC1 protein possesses a divergent tail region, stalk region, and conserved carboxyl motor region. Protein alignment demonstrated that lc-KIFC1 had 73.2, 49.8, 49.3, 54.6, 56.5, 53.1, and 52.1% identity with its homologs in Danio rerio, Eriocheir sinensis, Octopus tankahkeei, Gallus gallus, Xenopus laevis, Mus musculus, and Homo sapiens, respectively. Tissue expression analysis revealed that lc-kifc1 mRNA was mainly expressed in the testis. The trend of lc-kifc1 mRNA expression at different growth stages of the testis showed that the expression increased first and then decreased, in the stage IV of testis, its expression quantity achieved the highest level. In situ hybridization and immunofluorescence results showed that KIFC1 was localized around the nucleus in early spermatids. As spermatid development progressed, the signals increased substantially. These signals peaked and were concentrated at one end of the nucleus when the spermatids began to undergo dramatic changes. In the mature sperm, the signal for KIFC1 gradually became weak and was mainly localized in the tail. In summary, evaluation of the expression pattern for lc-KIFC1 at specific stages of spermiogenesis has shed light on the potential functions of this motor protein in major cytological transformations. In addition, this study may provide a model for researching the molecular mechanisms involved in spermatogenesis in other teleost species, which will lead to a better understanding of the teleost fertilization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology by the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China
| | - Xin-Ming Gao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology by the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China
| | - Yong-Qiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology by the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China
| | - Cong-Cong Hou
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology by the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China.
| | - Jun-Quan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology by the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China.
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Guerriero G, Trocchia S, Abdel-Gawad FK, Ciarcia G. Roles of reactive oxygen species in the spermatogenesis regulation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2014; 5:56. [PMID: 24795696 PMCID: PMC4001055 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2014.00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is a complex process of male germ cells proliferation and maturation from diploid spermatogonia, through meiosis, to mature haploid spermatozoa. The process involves dynamic interactions between the developing germ cells and their supporting Sertoli cells. The gonadal tissue, with abundance of highly unsaturated fatty acids, high rates of cell division, and variety of testis enzymes results very vulnerable to the overexpression of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In order to address this risk, testis has developed a sophisticated array of antioxidant systems comprising both enzymes and free radical scavengers. This chapter sets out the major pathways of testis generation, the metabolism of ROS, and highlights the transcriptional regulation by steroid receptors of antioxidant stress enzymes and their functional implications. It also deals with of the advantages of the system biology for an antioxidant under steroid control, the major selenoprotein expressed by germ cells in the testis, the phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (PHGPx/GPx4) having multiple functions and representing the pivotal link between selenium, sperm quality, and species preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Guerriero
- Department of Biology, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
- CIRAM, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
- *Correspondence: Giulia Guerriero, Department of Biology, Comparative Endocrinology Lab, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Mezzocannone, 8, Naples 80134, Italy e-mail:
| | - Samantha Trocchia
- Department of Biology, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Fagr K. Abdel-Gawad
- Department of Water Pollution Research, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Science, National Research Center (NRC), Giza, Egypt
| | - Gaetano Ciarcia
- Department of Biology, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
- CIRAM, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Cheng X, Liang J, Teng Y, Fu J, Miao S, Zong S, Wang L. Nemo-like kinase promotes etoposide-induced apoptosis of male germ cell-derived GC-1 cells in vitro. FEBS Lett 2012; 586:1497-503. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2012.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2012] [Revised: 03/27/2012] [Accepted: 04/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Wang YT, Mao H, Hou CC, Sun X, Wang DH, Zhou H, Yang WX. Characterization and expression pattern of KIFC1-like kinesin gene in the testis of the Macrobrachium nipponense with discussion of its relationship with structure lamellar complex (LCx) and acroframosome (AFS). Mol Biol Rep 2012; 39:7591-8. [PMID: 22327780 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-1593-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2011] [Accepted: 01/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Spermiogenesis is a developmental process undergoing continuous differentiation to drive a diploid spermatogonium towards a haploid sperm cell. This striking transformation from spermatogonium to spermatozoa is made possible by the stage-specific adaption of cytoskeleton and associated molecular motor proteins. KIFC1 is a C-terminal kinesin motor found to boast essential roles in acrosome biogenesis and nuclear reshaping during spermiogenesis in rat. To explore its functions during the same process in Macrobrachium nipponense, we have cloned and sequenced the cDNA of a mammalian KIFC1 homologue (termed mn-KIFC1) from the total RNA of the testis. The 2,296 bp mn-KIFC1 cDNA contained a 87 bp 5' untranslated region, a 211 bp 3' untranslated region and a 1,998 bp open reading frame. Protein alignment demonstrated that mn-KIFC1 had 37.7, 58.7, 38.4, 37.2, 38.9 and 37.8% identity with its homologues in Salmo salar, Eriocheir sinensis, Homo sapiens, Mus musculus, Danio rerio and Xenopus laevis respectively. The phylogenetic tree revealed that mn-KIFC1 is most related to E. Sinensis KIFC1 among the examined species. Tissue expression analysis showed the presence of mn-KIFC1 in the testis, hepatopancreas, gill, muscle and heart. In situ hybridization showed that the mn-KIFC1 mRNA was localized at the periphery of the nuclear membrane and in the proacrosomal vesicle in early and middle spermatids. In late spermatids and spermatozoa, mn-KIFC1 was expressed in the acrosome and in the spike. In situ hybridization also indicated that KIFC1 works together with lamellar complex (LCx) and acroframosome (AFS) to drive acrosome formation and cellular transformation. LCx and AFS have both been previously proved to have essential roles during spermiogenesis in M. nipponense. In conclusion, the expression of mn-kifc1 at specific stages of spermiogenesis suggests a role in cellular transformations in M. nipponense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ting Wang
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang, China
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Zhang N, Liang J, Tian Y, Yuan L, Wu L, Miao S, Zong S, Wang L. A novel testis-specific GTPase serves as a link to proteasome biogenesis: functional characterization of RhoS/RSA-14-44 in spermatogenesis. Mol Biol Cell 2010; 21:4312-24. [PMID: 20980621 PMCID: PMC3002385 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e10-04-0310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We functionally characterized RhoS/RSA-14-44 as a new member of Rho GTPase subfamily in spermatogenesis, which provides a direct link between Rho family GTPase and the proteasome biogenesis. Most Rho family GTPases serve as key molecular switches in a wide spectrum of biological processes. An increasing number of studies have expanded their roles to the spermatogenesis. Several members of Rho family have been confirmed to be essential for mammalian spermatogenesis, but the precise roles of this family in male reproduction have not been well studied yet. Here we report a surprising function of an atypical and testis-specific Rho GTPase, RSA-14-44 in spermatogenesis. Featured by unique structural and expressional patterns, RSA-14-44 is distinguished from three canonical members of Rho cluster. Thus, we define RSA-14-44 as a new member of Rho GTPases family and rename it RhoS (Rho in spermatogenic cells). RhoS associates with PSMB5, a catalytic subunit of the proteasome, in a series of stage-specific spermatogenic cells. More importantly, RhoS does not directly modulate the cellular proteasome activity, but participates in regulating the stability of “unincorporated” PSMB5 precursors. Meanwhile, our data demonstrate that the activation of RhoS is prerequisite for negatively regulating the stability of PSMB5 precursors. Therefore, our finding uncovers a direct and functional connection between the Rho GTPase family and the pathway of proteasome biogenesis and provide new clues for deciphering the secrets of spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Wang W, Zhu JQ, Yang WX. Molecular cloning and characterization of KIFC1-like kinesin gene (ot-kifc1) from Octopus tankahkeei. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2010; 156:174-82. [PMID: 20304088 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2010.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2010] [Revised: 03/12/2010] [Accepted: 03/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Spermiogenesis in Octopus tankahkeei involves striking cellular reorganization to generate a mature spermatozoon. This process may require spermatid-specific adaptation of cytoskeleton and associated molecular motor proteins. KIFC1 is a C-terminal kinesin motor with important roles in acrosome biogenesis and nuclear reshaping during spermiogenesis in rat. Here, we have cloned and characterized the gene encoding a homologue of rat KIFC1, termed as ot-kifc1, from the testis of O. tankahkeei. The 2229 bp complete cDNA contains a 75 bp 5'-untranslated region, a 1992 bp open reading frame and a 162 bp 3'-untranslated region. The deduced protein shares an overall identity of 40%, 41%, 39% and 41% with its counterpart from human, rat, mouse and African clawed frog, respectively. Tissue expression analysis revealed ot-kifc1 was expressed in testis, gill and hepatopancreas, but not in other tissues examined. In situ hybridization result showed the ot-kifc1 message was hardly detectable in early spermatid, concentrated at the tail region of intermediate spermatid, abundant in spermatid undergoing dramatic elongation and compression, enriched at one end in late spermatids and disappeared in mature sperm. In conclusion, the expression of ot-kifc1 at specific stages of spermiogenesis suggests a role for this motor in major cytological transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Faculty of Life Science and Bioengineering, Ningbo University, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
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