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Molchanova SM, Comhair J, Karadurmus D, Piccart E, Harvey RJ, Rigo JM, Schiffmann SN, Brône B, Gall D. Tonically Active α2 Subunit-Containing Glycine Receptors Regulate the Excitability of Striatal Medium Spiny Neurons. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 10:442. [PMID: 29375305 PMCID: PMC5767327 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Medium spiny neurons (MSNs) of the dorsal striatum represent the first relay of cortico–striato–thalamic loop, responsible for the initiation of voluntary movements and motor learning. GABAergic transmission exerts the main inhibitory control of MSNs. However, MSNs also express chloride-permeable glycine receptors (GlyRs) although their subunit composition and functional significance in the striatum is unknown. Here, we studied the function of GlyRs in MSNs of young adult mice. We show that MSNs express functional GlyRs, with α2 being the main agonist binding subunit. These receptors are extrasynaptic and depolarizing at resting state. The pharmacological inhibition of GlyRs, as well as inactivation of the GlyR α2 subunit gene hyperpolarize the membrane potential of MSNs and increase their action potential firing offset. Mice lacking GlyR α2 showed impaired motor memory consolidation without any changes in the initial motor performance. Taken together, these results demonstrate that tonically active GlyRs regulate the firing properties of MSNs and may thus affect the function of basal ganglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana M Molchanova
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joris Comhair
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.,Biomedical Research Institute, University of Hasselt (UHasselt), Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Deniz Karadurmus
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Elisabeth Piccart
- Biomedical Research Institute, University of Hasselt (UHasselt), Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Robert J Harvey
- School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD, Australia.,Sunshine Coast Health Institute, Birtinya, QLD, Australia
| | - Jean-Michel Rigo
- Biomedical Research Institute, University of Hasselt (UHasselt), Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Serge N Schiffmann
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bert Brône
- Biomedical Research Institute, University of Hasselt (UHasselt), Hasselt, Belgium
| | - David Gall
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
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Menzie J, Prentice H, Wu JY. Neuroprotective Mechanisms of Taurine against Ischemic Stroke. Brain Sci 2013; 3:877-907. [PMID: 24961429 PMCID: PMC4061860 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci3020877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke exhibits a multiplicity of pathophysiological mechanisms. To address the diverse pathophysiological mechanisms observed in ischemic stroke investigators seek to find therapeutic strategies that are multifaceted in their action by either investigating multipotential compounds or by using a combination of compounds. Taurine, an endogenous amino acid, exhibits a plethora of physiological functions. It exhibits antioxidative properties, stabilizes membrane, functions as an osmoregulator, modulates ionic movements, reduces the level of pro-inflammators, regulates intracellular calcium concentration; all of which contributes to its neuroprotective effect. Data are accumulating that show the neuroprotective mechanisms of taurine against stroke pathophysiology. In this review, we describe the neuroprotective mechanisms employed by taurine against ischemic stroke and its use in clinical trial for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Menzie
- Program in Integrative Biology, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA.
| | - Howard Prentice
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA.
| | - Jang-Yen Wu
- Program in Integrative Biology, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA.
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Modulation of human GABAρ1 receptors by taurine. Neurosci Res 2008; 61:302-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2008.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2007] [Revised: 03/25/2008] [Accepted: 03/26/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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