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Arıcan G, Özmeriç A, Fırat A, Kaymaz F, Ocak M, Çelik HH, Alemdaroğlu KB. Micro-ct findings of concentrated growth factors (cgf) on bone healing in masquelet's technique-an experimental study in rabbits. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2022; 142:83-90. [PMID: 32945957 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-020-03596-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A recent histopathological and immunohistochemical study has proved that the addition of concentrated growth factors (CGF) to the Masquelet's technique contributes to the quality of the membrane formed, in respect of inducing inflammation and proliferation, maintaining vascularization on large diaphyseal bone defects, and increasing the number of stem cells. The aim of the study is comparison of radiological results of this combination treatment by micro-CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was planned on a critical bone defect model in rabbit radius. Group I and Group III were the control groups to which only the Masquelet's technique is applied. Group II and Group IV were CGF groups in addition to the Masquelet's technique. CGF was prepared by centrifugation of rabbit's own blood. For early phase, Groups I and II were evaluated in the 8th week, while for late phase, Group III and Group IV were evaluated in the 12th week. Groups were compared in terms of bony union radiologically by micro-CT(μCT) (New Bone Volume (NBV), Total Bone Volume (TBV) and NBV/TBV) and histopathologically. RESULTS The structural parameters, including NBV, TBV, NBV/TBV were higher in the early- (8th week) and late-phase (12th week) CGF group. There was no statistically significant difference between CGF and control groups in early phase, (p = 0.153), while in late phase, CGF group was significantly higher of new bone volume than the control group, 246.3 mm3 (196.1-258) and 169.6 mm3 (154.3-235.9), respectively (p = 0.028). For early phase, control group was significantly lower than late-phase control group, 121.8 mm3 (88.8-144.4) and 169.6 mm3 (154.3-235.9), respectively (p = 0.006). The ratio of New Bone Volume to Total Bone Volume (NBV/TBV ratio) in CGF groups was significantly higher compared to the control groups 27.3% (24.7-29.6), 35.3% (32.1-38.6) (p = 0.032) and 39.7% (36.7-41.6), 55.3% (52-57.5) (p = 0.002), respectively. Histopathologically, Microscopic New Bone Formation had no statistically significant difference between control and CGF groups in early phase (8th week) (p = 0.153), while in late phase (12th week), CGF group had significantly higher amount of new bone formation than the control group, 0.29 µm2 (0.27-0.36), 0.51 µm2 (0.42-0.59), respectively (p = 0.008). CONCLUSION The addition of CGF to the Masquelet's technique is an important method for supporting new bone formation in large diaphyseal bone defects. LEVEL EVIDENCE Level III, therapeutic/care management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökhun Arıcan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, 06340, Turkey.
| | - Ahmet Özmeriç
- Department of Orthopaedics, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, 06340, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Fırat
- Department of Anatomy, Hacettepe Univesity Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, 06100, Turkey
| | - Figen Kaymaz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hacettepe Univesity Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, 06100, Turkey
| | - Mert Ocak
- Vocational School of Health, Ankara University, Ankara, 06100, Turkey
| | - H Hamdi Çelik
- Department of Anatomy, Hacettepe Univesity Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, 06100, Turkey
| | - Kadir Bahadır Alemdaroğlu
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Health Sciences Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, 06340, Turkey
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Stefanie Buchberger AM, Nitiu R, Pinther M, Graf S, Skodacek D, Regn S, Kreutzer K, Storck K. Fibrin Gel Suspended Autologous Chondrocytes as Cell-based Material for long-term Injection Laryngoplasty. Laryngoscope 2020; 131:E1624-E1632. [PMID: 33368380 DOI: 10.1002/lary.29300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Injection laryngoplasty of materials for unilateral vocal-fold paralysis has shown various results regarding the long-term stability of the injected material. We evaluated a fibrin-gel based cell suspension with autologous chondrocytes in-vitro and in-vivo as long-term-stable vocal-fold augmentation material in an animal model. STUDY DESIGN This study compises an in vitro cell-culture part as well as an in vivo animal study with New Zealand White Rabbits. METHODS In in-vitro experiments, auricular chondrocytes harvested from 24 New Zealand White Rabbits cadavers were cultivated in pellet cultures to evaluate cartilage formation for 4 weeks using long-term-stable fibrin gel as carrier. Injectability and injection volume for the laryngoplasty was determined in-vitro using harvested cadaveric larynxes. In-vivo 24 Rabbits were biopsied for elastic cartilage of the ear and autologous P1 cells were injected lateral of one vocal cord into the paraglottic space suspended in a long-term-stable fibrin gel. Histologic evaluation was performed after 2, 4, 12, and 24 weeks. RESULTS During 12-week pellet culture, we found extracellular matrix formation and weight-stable cartilage of mature appearance. In-vivo, mature cartilage was found in two larynxes (n = 6) at 4 weeks, in four (n = 6) at 12 weeks, and in five (n = 6) at 24 weeks mostly located in the paraglottic space and sometimes with spurs into the vocalis muscle. Surrounding tissue was often infiltrated with inflammatory cells. Material tended to dislocate through the cricothyroid space into the extraglottic surrounding tissue. CONCLUSIONS A cell-based approach with chondrocytes for permanent vocal-fold augmentation has not previously been reported. We have achieved the formation of structurally mature cartilage in the paraglottic space, but this is accompanied by difficulties with dislocated material, deformation of the augmentation, and inflammation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE N/A Laryngoscope, 131:E1624-E1632, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Stefanie Buchberger
- Department of Phoniatrics and Pedaudiology, Ear-Nose-Throat, Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ramona Nitiu
- Department of Ear-Nose-Throat, Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Melina Pinther
- Department of Ear-Nose-Throat, Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Graf
- Department of Phoniatrics and Pedaudiology, Ear-Nose-Throat, Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Skodacek
- Department of Ear-Nose-Throat, Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sybille Regn
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Kilian Kreutzer
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University clinic of the Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Storck
- Department of Ear-Nose-Throat, Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Antunes BP, Vainieri ML, Alini M, Monsonego-Ornan E, Grad S, Yayon A. Enhanced chondrogenic phenotype of primary bovine articular chondrocytes in Fibrin-Hyaluronan hydrogel by multi-axial mechanical loading and FGF18. Acta Biomater 2020; 105:170-179. [PMID: 31982592 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Current treatments for cartilage lesions are often associated with fibrocartilage formation and donor site morbidity. Mechanical and biochemical stimuli play an important role in hyaline cartilage formation. Biocompatible scaffolds capable of transducing mechanical loads and delivering bioactive instructive factors may better support cartilage regeneration. In this study we aimed to test the interplay between mechanical and FGF-18 mediated biochemical signals on the proliferation and differentiation of primary bovine articular chondrocytes embedded in a chondro-conductive Fibrin-Hyaluronan (FB/HA) based hydrogel. Chondrocytes seeded in a Fibrin-HA hydrogel, with or without a chondro-inductive, FGFR3 selective FGF18 variant (FGF-18v) were loaded into a joint-mimicking bioreactor applying controlled, multi-axial movements, simulating the natural movements of articular joints. Samples were evaluated for DNA content, sulphated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) accumulation, key chondrogenic gene expression markers and histology. Under moderate loading, samples produced particularly significant amounts of sGAG/DNA compared to unloaded controls. Interestingly there was no significant effect of FGF-18v on cartilage gene expression at rest. Following moderate multi-axial loading, FGF-18v upregulated the expression of Aggrecan (ACAN), Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein (COMP), type II collagen (COL2) and Lubricin (PRG4). Moreover, the combination of load and FGF-18v, significantly downregulated Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and Matrix Metaloproteinase-13 (MMP-13), two of the most important factors contributing to joint destruction in OA. Biomimetic mechanical signals and FGF-18 may work in concert to support hyaline cartilage regeneration and repair. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Articular cartilage has very limited repair potential and focal cartilage lesions constitute a challenge for current standard clinical procedures. The aim of the present research was to explore novel procedures and constructs, based on biomaterials and biomechanical algorithms that can better mimic joints mechanical and biochemical stimulation to promote regeneration of damaged cartilage. Using a hydrogel-based platform for chondrocyte 3D culture revealed a synergy between mechanical forces and growth factors. Exploring the mechanisms underlying this mechano-biochemical interplay may enhance our understanding of cartilage remodeling and the development of new strategies for cartilage repair and regeneration.
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Catechol-modified poly(oxazoline)s with tunable degradability facilitate cell invasion and lateral cartilage integration. J IND ENG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Iordachescu A, Williams RL, Hulley PA, Grover LM. Organotypic Culture of Bone-Like Structures Using Composite Ceramic-Fibrin Scaffolds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 48:e79. [DOI: 10.1002/cpsc.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Iordachescu
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham United Kingdom
- Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford; Old Road, Headington Oxford United Kingdom
| | - Richard L. Williams
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham United Kingdom
| | - Philippa A. Hulley
- Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford; Old Road, Headington Oxford United Kingdom
| | - Liam M. Grover
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham United Kingdom
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Gansau J, Buckley CT. Incorporation of Collagen and Hyaluronic Acid to Enhance the Bioactivity of Fibrin-Based Hydrogels for Nucleus Pulposus Regeneration. J Funct Biomater 2018; 9:E43. [PMID: 29996555 PMCID: PMC6164980 DOI: 10.3390/jfb9030043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels, such as fibrin, offer a promising delivery vehicle to introduce cells into the intervertebral disc (IVD) to regenerate damaged disc tissue as a potential treatment for low back pain. However, fibrin lacks key extracellular matrix (ECM) components, such as collagen (Col) and hyaluronan (HA), normally found in native nucleus pulposus (NP) tissue. The overall aim of this work was to create a fibrin-based hydrogel, by incorporating Col and HA into the matrix to enhance NP-like matrix accumulation using articular chondrocytes (CC). Firstly, we assessed the effect of fibrin concentrations on hydrogel stability, and the viability and proliferation kinetics of articular chondrocytes. Secondly, we investigated the effect of incorporating Col and HA to enhance NP-like matrix accumulation, and finally, examined the influence of various HA concentrations. Results showed that increasing fibrin concentration enhanced cell viability and proliferation. Interestingly, incorporation of HA promoted sGAG accumulation and tended to suppress collagen formation at higher concentrations. Taken together, these results suggest that incorporation of ECM components can enhance the bioactivity of fibrin-based hydrogels, which may help advance the clinical potential of commercial cell and biomaterial ventures in the treatment of IVD regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Gansau
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 2 Dublin, Ireland.
- School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, 2 Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Conor Timothy Buckley
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 2 Dublin, Ireland.
- School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, 2 Dublin, Ireland.
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland & Trinity College Dublin, 2 Dublin, Ireland.
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Iordachescu A, Amin HD, Rankin SM, Williams RL, Yapp C, Bannerman A, Pacureanu A, Addison O, Hulley PA, Grover LM. An In Vitro Model for the Development of Mature Bone Containing an Osteocyte Network. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201700156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Iordachescu
- School of Chemical Engineering; University of Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
- Botnar Research Centre (NDORMS); University of Oxford; Old Road Headington Oxford OX3 7LD UK
| | - Harsh D. Amin
- Inflammation, Development and Repair; National Heart & Lung Institute; Faculty of Medicine; Imperial College London; London SW7 2AZ UK
- Centre for Blast Injury Studies; Department of Bioengineering; Imperial College London; London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Sara M. Rankin
- Inflammation, Development and Repair; National Heart & Lung Institute; Faculty of Medicine; Imperial College London; London SW7 2AZ UK
- Centre for Blast Injury Studies; Department of Bioengineering; Imperial College London; London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Richard L. Williams
- School of Chemical Engineering; University of Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | - Clarence Yapp
- Botnar Research Centre (NDORMS); University of Oxford; Old Road Headington Oxford OX3 7LD UK
- Department of Cell Biology; Harvard Medical School; 240 Longwood Ave Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Alistair Bannerman
- School of Chemical Engineering; University of Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | - Alexandra Pacureanu
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility; Beamline Groups Unit; 71 avenue des Martyrs 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Owen Addison
- School of Dentistry; University of Birmingham; 5 Mill Pool Way Edgbaston Birmingham B5 7EG UK
| | - Philippa A. Hulley
- Botnar Research Centre (NDORMS); University of Oxford; Old Road Headington Oxford OX3 7LD UK
| | - Liam M. Grover
- School of Chemical Engineering; University of Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
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Abdul Rahman R, Mohamad Sukri N, Md Nazir N, Ahmad Radzi MA, Zulkifly AH, Che Ahmad A, Hashi AA, Abdul Rahman S, Sha'ban M. The potential of 3-dimensional construct engineered from poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)/fibrin hybrid scaffold seeded with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for in vitro cartilage tissue engineering. Tissue Cell 2015; 47:420-30. [PMID: 26100682 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Articular cartilage is well known for its simple uniqueness of avascular and aneural structure that has limited capacity to heal itself when injured. The use of three dimensional construct in tissue engineering holds great potential in regenerating cartilage defects. This study evaluated the in vitro cartilaginous tissue formation using rabbit's bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)-seeded onto poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) PLGA/fibrin and PLGA scaffolds. The in vitro cartilaginous engineered constructs were evaluated by gross inspection, histology, cell proliferation, gene expression and sulphated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) production at week 1, 2 and 3. After 3 weeks of culture, the PLGA/fibrin construct demonstrated gross features similar to the native tissue with smooth, firm and glistening appearance, superior histoarchitectural and better cartilaginous extracellular matrix compound in concert with the positive glycosaminoglycan accumulation on Alcian blue. Significantly higher cell proliferation in PLGA/fibrin construct was noted at day-7, day-14 and day-21 (p<0.05 respectively). Both constructs expressed the accumulation of collagen type II, collagen type IX, aggrecan and sox9, showed down-regulation of collagen type I as well as produced relative sGAG content with PLGA/fibrin construct exhibited better gene expression in all profiles and showed significantly higher relative sGAG content at each time point (p<0.05). This study suggested that with optimum in vitro manipulation, PLGA/fibrin when seeded with pluripotent non-committed BMSCs has the capability to differentiate into chondrogenic lineage and may serve as a prospective construct to be developed as functional tissue engineered cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rozlin Abdul Rahman
- Department of Biomedical Science, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia
| | - Norhamiza Mohamad Sukri
- Department of Biomedical Science, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia
| | - Noorhidayah Md Nazir
- Department of Biomedical Science, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Aa'zamuddin Ahmad Radzi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Hafiz Zulkifly
- Department of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Rehabilitation, Kulliyyah of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia
| | - Aminudin Che Ahmad
- Department of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Rehabilitation, Kulliyyah of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia
| | - Abdurezak Abdulahi Hashi
- Department of Biotechnology, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia
| | - Suzanah Abdul Rahman
- Department of Biomedical Science, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia
| | - Munirah Sha'ban
- Department of Biomedical Science, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia.
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Evaluation of Microcrystalline Chitosan and Fibrin Membranes as Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-BB Carriers with Amoxicillin. INT J POLYM SCI 2015. [DOI: 10.1155/2015/386251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to describe the mechanical and sorption features of homogeneous and composite membranes which consist of microcrystalline chitosan (MCCh) and fibrin (Fb) in various proportions as well as thein vitrokinetics of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) released from ten types of membranes in the presence or absence of amoxicillin (Am). The films were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, mechanical tests: breaking strength (Bs) and elongation at break (Eb), as well as SEM images, and swelling study. The influence of the form of samples (dry or wet) on Young’s modulus (E) was also examined. The homogeneous MCCh (M1) and composite M3 and M4 (MCCh : Fb = 2 : 1 and 1 : 1) membranes were characterized by good sorption properties and higher mechanical strength, when compared with Fb (M2) membrane. Connecting MCCh with Fb decreases release of PDGF-BB and increases release of Am. The most efficient release of PDGF-BB was observed in the case of M4 (the optimum MCCh : Fb ratio was 1 : 1) membrane. It was found that the degree of PDGF-BB release from the membrane is influenced by the physicochemical and mechanical characteristics of the films and by its affinity to growth factor PDGF-BB.
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Dennis SC, Berkland CJ, Bonewald LF, Detamore MS. Endochondral ossification for enhancing bone regeneration: converging native extracellular matrix biomaterials and developmental engineering in vivo. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2014; 21:247-66. [PMID: 25336144 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2014.0419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Autologous bone grafting (ABG) remains entrenched as the gold standard of treatment in bone regenerative surgery. Consequently, many marginally successful bone tissue engineering strategies have focused on mimicking portions of ABG's "ideal" osteoconductive, osteoinductive, and osteogenic composition resembling the late reparative stage extracellular matrix (ECM) in bone fracture repair, also known as the "hard" or "bony" callus. An alternative, less common approach that has emerged in the last decade harnesses endochondral (EC) ossification through developmental engineering principles, which acknowledges that the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in developmental skeletogenesis, specifically EC ossification, are closely paralleled during native bone healing. EC ossification naturally occurs during the majority of bone fractures and, thus, can potentially be utilized to enhance bone regeneration for nearly any orthopedic indication, especially in avascular critical-sized defects where hypoxic conditions favor initial chondrogenesis instead of direct intramembranous ossification. The body's native EC ossification response, however, is not capable of regenerating critical-sized defects without intervention. We propose that an underexplored potential exists to regenerate bone through the native EC ossification response by utilizing strategies which mimic the initial inflammatory or fibrocartilaginous ECM (i.e., "pro-" or "soft" callus) observed in the early reparative stage of bone fracture repair. To date, the majority of strategies utilizing this approach rely on clinically burdensome in vitro cell expansion protocols. This review will focus on the confluence of two evolving areas, (1) native ECM biomaterials and (2) developmental engineering, which will attempt to overcome the technical, business, and regulatory challenges that persist in the area of bone regeneration. Significant attention will be given to native "raw" materials and ECM-based designs that provide necessary osteo- and chondro-conductive and inductive features for enhancing EC ossification. In addition, critical perspectives on existing stem cell-based therapeutic strategies will be discussed with a focus on their use as an extension of the acellular ECM-based designs for specific clinical indications. Within this framework, a novel realm of unexplored design strategies for bone tissue engineering will be introduced into the collective consciousness of the regenerative medicine field.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Connor Dennis
- 1Bioengineering Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas.,2Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas
| | - Cory J Berkland
- 1Bioengineering Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas.,2Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas.,3Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas
| | - Lynda F Bonewald
- 4Department of Oral Biology, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Michael S Detamore
- 1Bioengineering Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas.,2Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas
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Colombini A, Ceriani C, Banfi G, Brayda-Bruno M, Moretti M. Fibrin in Intervertebral Disc Tissue Engineering. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2014; 20:713-21. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2014.0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Colombini
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IRCCS Galeazzi Orthopaedic Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Ceriani
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IRCCS Galeazzi Orthopaedic Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Banfi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IRCCS Galeazzi Orthopaedic Institute, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Brayda-Bruno
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology–Vertebral Surgery III–Scoliosis, IRCCS Galeazzi Orthopaedic Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Moretti
- Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, IRCCS Galeazzi Orthopaedic Institute, Milan, Italy
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Tomaszewski R, Bohosiewicz J, Gap A, Bursig H, Wysocka A. Autogenous cultured growth plate chondrocyte transplantation in the treatment of physeal injury in rabbits. Bone Joint Res 2014; 3:310-6. [PMID: 25376625 PMCID: PMC4255134 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.311.2000207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this experimental study on New Zealand’s white rabbits
was to investigate the transplantation of autogenous growth plate
cells in order to treat the injured growth plate. They were assessed
in terms of measurements of radiological tibial varus and histological
characteristics. Methods An experimental model of plate growth medial partial resection
of the tibia in 14 New Zealand white rabbits was created. During
this surgical procedure the plate growth cells were collected and
cultured. While the second surgery was being performed, the autologous
cultured growth plate cells were grafted at the right tibia, whereas
the left tibia was used as a control group. Results Histological examinations showed that the grafted right tibia
presented the regular shape of the plate growth with hypertrophic
maturation, chondrocyte columniation and endochondral calcification.
Radiological study shows that the mean tibial deformity at the left
angle was 20.29° (6.25 to 33) and 7.21° (5 to 10) in the right angle. Conclusion This study has demonstrated that grafting of autogenous cultured
growth plate cells into a defect of the medial aspect of the proximal
tibial physis can prevent bone bridge formation, growth arrest and
the development of varus deformity. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2014;3:310–16
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Affiliation(s)
- R Tomaszewski
- Upper Silesian Child Health Centre, Clinic of Paediatric Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Katowice, Poland
| | - J Bohosiewicz
- Upper Silesian Child Health Centre, Clinic of Paediatric Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Katowice, Poland
| | - A Gap
- Upper Silesian Child Health Centre, Clinic of Paediatric Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Katowice, Poland
| | - H Bursig
- Regional Blood Center Tissue Bank, Katowice, Poland
| | - A Wysocka
- Regional Blood Center Tissue Bank, Katowice, Poland
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Reinertsen E, Skinner M, Wu B, Tawil B. Concentration of fibrin and presence of plasminogen affect proliferation, fibrinolytic activity, and morphology of human fibroblasts and keratinocytes in 3D fibrin constructs. Tissue Eng Part A 2014; 20:2860-9. [PMID: 24738616 PMCID: PMC4229906 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2013.0423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrin is a hemostatic protein found in the clotting cascade. It is used in the operating room to stop bleeding and deliver cells and growth factors to heal wounds. However, formulations of clinically approved fibrin are optimized for hemostasis, and the extent to which biochemical and physical cues in fibrin mediate skin cell behavior is not fully understood nor utilized in the design of biomaterials. To determine if the concentration of fibrinogen and the presence of plasminogen affect cell behavior relevant to wound healing, we fabricated three-dimensional fibrin constructs made from 5, 10, or 20 mg/mL of clinical fibrin or plasminogen-depleted (PD) fibrin. We cultured dermal fibroblasts or epidermal keratinocytes in these constructs. Fibroblasts proliferated similarly in both types of fibrin, but keratinocytes proliferated more in low concentrations of clinical fibrin and less in PD fibrin. Clinical fibrin constructs with fibroblasts were less stiff and degraded faster than PD fibrin constructs with fibroblasts. Similarly, keratinocytes degraded clinical fibrin, but not PD fibrin. Fibroblast spreading varied with fibrin concentration in both types of fibrin. In conclusion, the concentration of fibrinogen and the presence of plasminogen affect fibroblast and keratinocyte proliferation, morphology, and fibrin degradation. Creating materials with heterogeneous regions of fibrin formulations and concentrations could be a novel strategy for controlling the phenotype of encapsulated fibroblasts and keratinocytes, and the subsequent biomechanical properties of the construct. However, other well-investigated aspects of wound healing remain to be utilized in the design of fibrin biomaterials, such as autocrine and paracrine signaling between fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Reinertsen
- Department of Bioengineering, UCLA School of Engineering , Los Angeles, California
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14
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Abstract
Cell sheet engineering has enabled the production of confluent cell sheets stacked together for use as a cardiac patch to increase cell survival rate and engraftment after transplantation, thereby providing a promising strategy for high density stem cell delivery for cardiac repair. One key challenge in using cell sheet technology is the difficulty of cell sheet handling due to its weak mechanical properties. A single-layer cell sheet is generally very fragile and tends to break or clump during harvest. Effective transfer and stacking methods are needed to move cell sheet technology into widespread clinical applications. In this study, we developed a simple and effective micropipette based method to aid cell sheet transfer and stacking. The cell viability after transfer was tested and multi-layer stem cell sheets were fabricated using the developed method. Furthermore, we examined the interactions between stacked stem cell sheets and fibrin matrix. Our results have shown that the preserved ECM associated with the detached cell sheet greatly facilitates its adherence to fibrin matrix and enhances the cell sheet-matrix interactions. Accelerated fibrin degradation caused by attached cell sheets was also observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikul G Patel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; The University of Akron; Akron, OH USA
| | - Ge Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; The University of Akron; Akron, OH USA
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15
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Rocco M, Molteni M, Ponassi M, Giachi G, Frediani M, Koutsioubas A, Profumo A, Trevarin D, Cardinali B, Vachette P, Ferri F, Pérez J. A comprehensive mechanism of fibrin network formation involving early branching and delayed single- to double-strand transition from coupled time-resolved X-ray/light-scattering detection. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:5376-84. [PMID: 24654923 DOI: 10.1021/ja5002955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The formation of a fibrin network following fibrinogen enzymatic activation is the central event in blood coagulation and has important biomedical and biotechnological implications. A non-covalent polymerization reaction between macromolecular monomers, it consists basically of two complementary processes: elongation/branching generates an interconnected 3D scaffold of relatively thin fibrils, and cooperative lateral aggregation thickens them more than 10-fold. We have studied the early stages up to the gel point by fast fibrinogen:enzyme mixing experiments using simultaneous small-angle X-ray scattering and wide-angle, multi-angle light scattering detection. The coupled evolutions of the average molecular weight, size, and cross section of the solutes during the fibrils growth phase were thus recovered. They reveal that extended structures, thinner than those predicted by the classic half-staggered, double-stranded mechanism, must quickly form. Following extensive modeling, an initial phase is proposed in which single-bonded "Y-ladder" polymers rapidly elongate before undergoing a delayed transition to the double-stranded fibrils. Consistent with the data, this alternative mechanism can intrinsically generate frequent, random branching points in each growing fibril. The model predicts that, as a consequence, some branches in these expanding "lumps" eventually interconnect, forming the pervasive 3D network. While still growing, other branches will then undergo a Ca(2+)/length-dependent cooperative collapse on the resulting network scaffolding filaments, explaining their sudden thickening, low final density, and basic mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Rocco
- Biopolimeri e Proteomica, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST , I-16132 Genova, Italy
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16
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Auricular Reconstruction Using Tissue-Engineered Alloplastic Implants for Improved Clinical Outcomes. Plast Reconstr Surg 2014; 133:360e-369e. [DOI: 10.1097/01.prs.0000438460.68098.4b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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17
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Liu J, Xu HH, Zhou H, Weir MD, Chen Q, Trotman CA. Human umbilical cord stem cell encapsulation in novel macroporous and injectable fibrin for muscle tissue engineering. Acta Biomater 2013; 9:4688-97. [PMID: 22902812 PMCID: PMC3535490 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2012.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Revised: 08/03/2012] [Accepted: 08/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
There has been little research on the seeding of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) in three-dimensional scaffolds for muscle tissue engineering. The objectives of this study were: (i) to seed hUCMSCs in a fibrin hydrogel containing fast-degradable microbeads (dMBs) to create macropores to enhance cell viability; and (ii) to investigate the encapsulated cell proliferation and myogenic differentiation for muscle tissue engineering. Mass fractions of 0-80% of dMBs were tested, and 35% of dMBs in fibrin was shown to avoid fibrin shrinkage while creating macropores and promoting cell viability. This construct was referred to as "dMB35". Fibrin without dMBs was termed "dMB0". Microbead degradation created macropores in fibrin and improved cell viability. The percentage of live cells in dMB35 reached 91% at 16 days, higher than the 81% in dMB0 (p<0.05). Live cell density in dMB35 was 1.6-fold that of dMB0 (p<0.05). The encapsulated hUCMSCs proliferated, increasing the cell density by 2.6 times in dMB35 from 1 to 16 days. MTT activity for dMB35 was substantially higher than that for dMB0 at 16 days (p<0.05). hUCMSCs in dMB35 had high gene expressions of myotube markers of myosin heavy chain 1 (MYH1) and alpha-actinin 3 (ACTN3). Elongated, multinucleated cells were formed with positive staining of myogenic specific proteins including myogenin, MYH, ACTN and actin alpha 1. Moreover, a significant increase in cell fusion was detected with myogenic induction. In conclusion, hUCMSCs were encapsulated in fibrin with degradable microbeads for the first time, achieving greatly enhanced cell viability and successful myogenic differentiation with formation of multinucleated myotubes. The injectable and macroporous fibrin-dMB-hUCMSC construct may be promising for muscle tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hockin H.K. Xu
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, MD 21250, USA
| | - Hongzhi Zhou
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Michael D. Weir
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Qianming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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18
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Park SH, Gil ES, Cho H, Mandal BB, Tien LW, Min BH, Kaplan DL. Intervertebral disk tissue engineering using biphasic silk composite scaffolds. Tissue Eng Part A 2011; 18:447-58. [PMID: 21919790 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2011.0195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Scaffolds composed of synthetic, natural, and hybrid materials have been investigated as options to restore intervertebral disk (IVD) tissue function. These systems fall short of the lamellar features of the native annulus fibrosus (AF) tissue or focus only on the nucleus pulposus (NP) tissue. However, successful regeneration of the entire IVD requires a combination approach to restore functions of both the AF and NP. To address this need, a biphasic biomaterial structure was generated by using silk protein for the AF and fibrin/hyaluronic acid (HA) gels for the NP. Two cell types, porcine AF cells and chondrocytes, were utilized. For the AF tissue, two types of scaffold morphologies, lamellar and porous, were studied with the porous system serving as a control. Toroidal scaffolds formed out of the lamellar, and porous silk materials were used to generate structures with an outer diameter of 8 mm, inner diameter of 3.5 mm, and a height of 3 mm (the interlamellar distance in the lamellar scaffold was 150-250 μm, and the average pore sizes in the porous scaffolds were 100-250 μm). The scaffolds were seeded with porcine AF cells to form AF tissue, whereas porcine chondrocytes were encapsulated in fibrin/HA hydrogels for the NP tissue and embedded in the center of the toroidal disk. Histology, biochemical assays, and gene expression indicated that the lamellar scaffolds supported AF-like tissue over 2 weeks. Porcine chondrocytes formed the NP phenotype within the hydrogel after 4 weeks of culture with the AF tissue that had been previously cultured for 2 weeks, for a total of 6 weeks of cultivation. This biphasic scaffold simulating in combination of both AF and NP tissues was effective in the formation of the total IVD in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hyug Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
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19
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Barsotti MC, Felice F, Balbarini A, Di Stefano R. Fibrin as a scaffold for cardiac tissue engineering. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2011; 58:301-10. [PMID: 21995533 DOI: 10.1002/bab.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2011] [Accepted: 08/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Fibrin is a natural biopolymer with many interesting properties, such as biocompatibility, bioresorbability, ease of processing, ability to be tailored to modify the conditions of polymerization, and potential for incorporation of both cells and cell mediators. Moreover, the fibrin network has a nanometric fibrous structure, mimicking extracellular matrix, and it can also be used in autologous applications. Therefore, fibrin has found many applications in tissue engineering, combined with cells, growth factors, or drugs. Because a major limitation of cardiac cell therapy is low cell engraftment, the use of biodegradable scaffolds for specific homing and in situ cell retention is desirable. Thus, fibrin-based injectable cardiac tissue engineering may enhance cell therapy efficacy. Fibrin-based biomaterials can also be used for engineering heart valves or cardiac patches. The aim of this review is to show cardiac bioengineering uses of fibrin, both as a cell delivery vehicle and as an implantable biomaterial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chiara Barsotti
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Department, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
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20
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Barsotti MC, Magera A, Armani C, Chiellini F, Felice F, Dinucci D, Piras AM, Minnocci A, Solaro R, Soldani G, Balbarini A, Di Stefano R. Fibrin acts as biomimetic niche inducing both differentiation and stem cell marker expression of early human endothelial progenitor cells. Cell Prolif 2011; 44:33-48. [PMID: 21199008 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2010.00715.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Transplantation of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) is a promising approach for revascularization of tissue. We have used a natural and biocompatible biopolymer, fibrin, to induce cell population growth, differentiation and functional activity of EPCs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were cultured for 1 week to obtain early EPCs. Fibrin was characterized for stiffness and capability to sustain cell population expansion at different fibrinogen-thrombin ratios. Viability, differentiation and angiogenic properties of EPCs were evaluated and compared to those of EPCs grown on fibronectin. RESULTS Fibrin had a nanometric fibrous structure forming a porous network. Fibrinogen concentration significantly influenced fibrin stiffness and cell growth: 9 mg/ml fibrinogen and 25 U/ml thrombin was the best ratio for enhanced cell viability. Moreover, cell viability was significantly higher on fibrin compared to being on fibronectin. Even though no significant difference was observed in expression of endothelial markers, culture on fibrin elicited marked induction of stem cell markers OCT 3/4 and NANOG. In vitro angiogenesis assay on Matrigel showed that EPCs grown on fibrin retain angiogenetic capability as EPCs grown on fibronectin, but significantly better release of cytokines involved in cell recruitment was produced by EPC grown on fibrin. CONCLUSION Fibrin is a suitable matrix for EPC growth, differentiation and angiogenesis capability, suggesting that fibrin gel may be very useful for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Barsotti
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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21
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Lee SJ, Broda C, Atala A, Yoo JJ. Engineered cartilage covered ear implants for auricular cartilage reconstruction. Biomacromolecules 2010; 12:306-13. [PMID: 21182236 DOI: 10.1021/bm100856g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cartilage tissues are often required for auricular tissue reconstruction. Currently, alloplastic ear-shaped medical implants composed of silicon and polyethylene are being used clinically. However, the use of these implants is often associated with complications, including inflammation, infection, erosion, and dislodgement. To overcome these limitations, we propose a system in which tissue-engineered cartilage serves as a shell that entirely covers the alloplastic implants. This study investigated whether cartilage tissue, engineered with chondrocytes and a fibrin hydrogel, would provide adequate coverage of a commercially used medical implant. To demonstrate the in vivo stability of cell-fibrin constructs, we tested variations of fibrinogen and thrombin concentration as well as cell density. After implantation, the retrieved engineered cartilage tissue was evaluated by histo- and immunohistochemical, biochemical, and mechanical analyses. Histomorphological evaluations consistently showed cartilage formation over the medical implants with the maintenance of dimensional stability. An initial cell density was determined that is critical for the production of matrix components such as glycosaminoglycans (GAG), elastin, type II collagen, and for mechanical strength. This study shows that engineered cartilage tissues are able to serve as a shell that entirely covers the medical implant, which may minimize the morbidity associated with implant dislodgement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Jin Lee
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA
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22
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Acevedo CA, Somoza RA, Weinstein-Oppenheimer C, Brown DI, Young ME. Growth factor production from fibrin-encapsulated human keratinocytes. Biotechnol Lett 2010; 32:1011-7. [PMID: 20349112 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-010-0245-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2009] [Revised: 03/09/2010] [Accepted: 03/11/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Fibrin has been used extensively in cell encapsulation because it has important biological properties. Keratinocyte encapsulation in fibrin is a widely used technique in skin tissue engineering. The production of growth factors (EGF, TGF-beta1 and PDGF-BB) was evaluated when keratinocytes are encapsulated in fibrin. Secretions of TGF-beta1 and PDGF-BB increased more than five times compared to monolayer cultures. Encapsulated cells secreted about 80% active form of TGF-beta1 (monolayer cells only secreted inactive form). An enhanced secretion of TGF-beta1 and PDGF-BB was found in encapsulated cells, showing that fibrin capsules are favourable for the production of these growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian A Acevedo
- Centro de Biotecnología, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso, Chile.
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23
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Torigoe I, Sotome S, Tsuchiya A, Yoshii T, Maehara H, Sugata Y, Ichinose S, Shinomiya K, Okawa A. Bone Regeneration with Autologous Plasma, Bone Marrow Stromal Cells, and Porous β-Tricalcium Phosphate in Nonhuman Primates. Tissue Eng Part A 2009; 15:1489-99. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2008.0317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Torigoe
- Section of Orthopaedic and Spinal Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Sotome
- Section of Orthopaedic and Spinal Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Section of Regenerative Therapeutics for Spine and Spinal Cord, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akio Tsuchiya
- Section of Orthopaedic and Spinal Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Yoshii
- Section of Orthopaedic and Spinal Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidetsugu Maehara
- Section of Orthopaedic and Spinal Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yumi Sugata
- Section of Orthopaedic and Spinal Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Global Center of Excellence (GCOE) Program; International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Diseases, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shizuko Ichinose
- Instrumental Analysis Research Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Shinomiya
- Section of Orthopaedic and Spinal Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Global Center of Excellence (GCOE) Program; International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Diseases, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Hard Tissue Genome Research Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Core to Core Program for Advanced Bone and Joint Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Okawa
- Section of Orthopaedic and Spinal Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Eyrich D, Wiese H, Maier G, Skodacek D, Appel B, Sarhan H, Tessmar J, Staudenmaier R, Wenzel MM, Goepferich A, Blunk T. In VitroandIn VivoCartilage Engineering Using a Combination of Chondrocyte-Seeded Long-Term Stable Fibrin Gels and Polycaprolactone-Based Polyurethane Scaffolds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 13:2207-18. [PMID: 17678413 DOI: 10.1089/ten.2006.0358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The use of either a hydrogel or a solid polymeric scaffold alone is often associated with distinct drawbacks in many tissue engineering applications. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the potential of a combination of long-term stable fibrin gels and polyurethane scaffolds for cartilage engineering. Primary bovine chondrocytes were suspended in fibrin gel and subsequently injected into a polycaprolactone-based polyurethane scaffold. Cells were homogeneously distributed within this composite system and produced high amounts of cartilage-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) components, namely glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and collagen type II, within 4 weeks of in vitro culture. In contrast, cells seeded directly onto the scaffold without fibrin resulted in a lower seeding efficiency and distinctly less homogeneous matrix distribution. Cell-fibrin-scaffold constructs implanted into the back of nude mice promoted the formation of adequate engineered cartilaginous tissue within the scaffold after 1, 3, and 6 months in vivo, containing evenly distributed ECM components, such as GAGs and collagen. Again, in constructs seeded without fibrin, histology showed an inhomogeneous and, thus, not adequate ECM distribution compared to seeding with fibrin, even after 6 months in vivo. Strikingly, a precultivation for 1 week in vitro elicited similar results in vivo compared to precultivation for 4 weeks; that is, a precultivation for longer than 1 week did not enhance tissue development. The presented composite system is suggested as a promising alternative toward clinical application of engineered cartilaginous tissue for plastic and reconstructive surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Eyrich
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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