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Greillet C, Labadie M, Manel J, De Haro L. Étude des cas d’exposition aux cyanobactéries rapportés aux Centres antipoison entre le 01/01/2006 et le 31/12/2018. TOXICOLOGIE ANALYTIQUE ET CLINIQUE 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxac.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Stewart I. Environmental risk factors for temporal lobe epilepsy – Is prenatal exposure to the marine algal neurotoxin domoic acid a potentially preventable cause? Med Hypotheses 2010; 74:466-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2009.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2009] [Accepted: 10/04/2009] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Stewart I, Carmichael WW, Sadler R, McGregor GB, Reardon K, Eaglesham GK, Wickramasinghe WA, Seawright AA, Shaw GR. Occupational and environmental hazard assessments for the isolation, purification and toxicity testing of cyanobacterial toxins. Environ Health 2009; 8:52. [PMID: 19925679 PMCID: PMC2785771 DOI: 10.1186/1476-069x-8-52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2009] [Accepted: 11/19/2009] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria can produce groups of structurally and functionally unrelated but highly potent toxins. Cyanotoxins are used in multiple research endeavours, either for direct investigation of their toxicologic properties, or as functional analogues for various biochemical and physiological processes. This paper presents occupational safety guidelines and recommendations for personnel working in field, laboratory or industrial settings to produce and use purified cyanotoxins and toxic cyanobacteria, from bulk harvesting of bloom material, mass culture of laboratory isolates, through routine extraction, isolation and purification. Oral, inhalational, dermal and parenteral routes are all potential occupational exposure pathways during the various stages of cyanotoxin production and application. Investigation of toxicologic or pharmacologic properties using in vivo models may present specific risks if radiolabelled cyanotoxins are employed, and the potential for occupational exposure via the dermal route is heightened with the use of organic solvents as vehicles. Inter- and intra-national transport of living cyanobacteria for research purposes risks establishing feral microalgal populations, so disinfection of culture equipment and destruction of cells by autoclaving, incineration and/or chlorination is recommended in order to prevent viable cyanobacteria from escaping research or production facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Stewart
- Queensland Health Forensic and Scientific Services, 39 Kessels Road, Coopers Plains, Queensland 4108, Australia
- School of Public Health, Griffith University, Logan Campus, University Drive, Meadowbrook, Queensland 4131, Australia
| | - Wayne W Carmichael
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wright State University, 3640 Colonel Glen Highway, Dayton, Ohio 45435, USA
| | - Ross Sadler
- School of Public Health, Griffith University, Logan Campus, University Drive, Meadowbrook, Queensland 4131, Australia
| | - Glenn B McGregor
- Queensland Department of Environment and Resource Management, 120 Meiers Road, Indooroopilly, Queensland 4068, Australia
| | - Karen Reardon
- Queensland Health Forensic and Scientific Services, 39 Kessels Road, Coopers Plains, Queensland 4108, Australia
| | - Geoffrey K Eaglesham
- Queensland Health Forensic and Scientific Services, 39 Kessels Road, Coopers Plains, Queensland 4108, Australia
| | - Wasantha A Wickramasinghe
- The University of Queensland, National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology, 39 Kessels Road, Coopers Plains, Queensland 4108, Australia
| | - Alan A Seawright
- The University of Queensland, National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology, 39 Kessels Road, Coopers Plains, Queensland 4108, Australia
| | - Glen R Shaw
- School of Public Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Parklands Drive, Southport, Queensland 4222, Australia
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Parklands Drive, Southport, Queensland 4222, Australia
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