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Chen S, Quan DH, Sam G, Ozberk V, Wang XT, Halfmann P, Pandey M, Good MF, Kawaoka Y, Britton WJ, Rehm BHA. Assembly of Immunogenic Protein Particles toward Advanced Synthetic Vaccines. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205819. [PMID: 36564365 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Immunogenic carrier proteins such as the non-toxic diphtheria toxin variant, cross-reacting material 197 (CRM197), are widely used in subunit vaccine formulations to boost immunogenicity of chemically conjugated antigens. Conjugate vaccines are inherently expensive due to laborious manufacturing steps. Here, this work develops a particulate vaccine platform based on using engineered Escherichia coli to assemble CRM197-antigen fusion proteins into discrete submicron-sized particles. This approach enables precise loading of diverse antigens and epitopes enhancing their immunogenicity. A cost-effective, high-yield, and scalable biomanufacturing process is developed. Purified particulate CRM197-antigen vaccines are ambient-temperature stable. CRM197 particles incorporating pathogen-specific antigens or epitopes from SARS-CoV-2, Streptococcus pyogenes (group A), and Mycobacterium tuberculosis induced cell-mediated and humoral immune responses mediating protective immunity in respective animal models of infection. The CRM197 particle vaccine platform is versatile, enabling co-delivery of selected antigens/epitopes together with immunogenic CRM197 as discrete stable particles avoiding laborious manufacture of soluble CRM197 and antigen followed by chemical conjugation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxiong Chen
- Centre for Cell Factories and Biopolymers, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, 4111, Australia
| | - Diana H Quan
- Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2050, Australia
| | - Gayathri Sam
- Centre for Cell Factories and Biopolymers, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, 4111, Australia
| | - Victoria Ozberk
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, 4215, Australia
| | - Xiaonan T Wang
- Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2050, Australia
| | - Peter Halfmann
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Manisha Pandey
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, 4215, Australia
| | - Michael F Good
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, 4215, Australia
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Warwick J Britton
- Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2050, Australia
| | - Bernd H A Rehm
- Centre for Cell Factories and Biopolymers, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, 4111, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, 4215, Australia
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Bhalla M, Nayerhoda R, Tchalla EYI, Abamonte A, Park D, Simmons SR, Pfeifer BA, Bou Ghanem EN. Liposomal Encapsulation of Polysaccharides (LEPS) as an Effective Vaccine Strategy to Protect Aged Hosts Against S. pneumoniae Infection. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2021; 2. [PMID: 35291600 PMCID: PMC8920316 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2021.798868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Despite the availability of licensed vaccines, pneumococcal disease caused by the bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus), remains a serious infectious disease threat globally. Disease manifestations include pneumonia, bacteremia, and meningitis, resulting in over a million deaths annually. Pneumococcal disease disproportionally impacts older adults aged ≥65 years. Interventions are complicated through a combination of complex disease progression and 100 different bacterial capsular polysaccharide serotypes. This has made it challenging to develop a broad vaccine against S. pneumoniae, with current options utilizing capsular polysaccharides as the primary antigenic content. However, current vaccines are substantially less effective in protecting the elderly. We previously developed a Liposomal Encapsulation of Polysaccharides (LEPS) vaccine platform, designed around limitations of current pneumococcal vaccines, that allowed the noncovalent coupling of polysaccharide and protein antigen content and protected young hosts against pneumococcal infection in murine models. In this study, we modified the formulation to make it more economical and tested the novel LEPS vaccine in aged hosts. We found that in young mice (2-3 months), LEPS elicited comparable responses to the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine Prevnar-13. Further, LEPS immunization of old mice (18-22 months) induced comparable antibody levels and improved antibody function compared to Prevnar-13. Importantly, LEPS protected old mice against both invasive and lung localized pneumococcal infections. In summary, LEPS is an alternative and effective vaccine strategy that protects aged hosts against different manifestations of pneumococcal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manmeet Bhalla
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Roozbeh Nayerhoda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Essi Y I Tchalla
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Alexsandra Abamonte
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Dongwon Park
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Shaunna R Simmons
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Blaine A Pfeifer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States.,Gene and Tissue Engineering Center, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Elsa N Bou Ghanem
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
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Vitamin C and Cardiovascular Disease: An Update. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9121227. [PMID: 33287462 PMCID: PMC7761826 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential beneficial effects of the antioxidant properties of vitamin C have been investigated in a number of pathological conditions. In this review, we assess both clinical and preclinical studies evaluating the role of vitamin C in cardiac and vascular disorders, including coronary heart disease, heart failure, hypertension, and cerebrovascular diseases. Pitfalls and controversies in investigations on vitamin C and cardiovascular disorders are also discussed.
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