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Ferruzzi J, Zhang Y, Roblyer D, Zaman MH. Multi-scale Mechanics of Collagen Networks: Biomechanical Basis of Matrix Remodeling in Cancer. MULTI-SCALE EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX MECHANICS AND MECHANOBIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-20182-1_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Aghvami M, Billiar KL, Sander EA. Fiber Network Models Predict Enhanced Cell Mechanosensing on Fibrous Gels. J Biomech Eng 2017; 138:2546291. [PMID: 27548709 DOI: 10.1115/1.4034490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The propagation of mechanical signals through nonlinear fibrous tissues is much more extensive than through continuous synthetic hydrogels. Results from recent studies indicate that increased mechanical propagation arises from the fibrous nature of the material rather than the strain-stiffening property. The relative importance of different parameters of the fibrous network structure to this propagation, however, remains unclear. In this work, we directly compared the mechanical response of substrates of varying thickness subjected to a constant cell traction force using either a nonfibrous strain-stiffening continuum-based model or a volume-averaged fiber network model consisting of two different types of fiber network structures: one with low fiber connectivity (growth networks) and one with high fiber connectivity (Delaunay networks). The growth network fiber models predicted a greater propagation of substrate displacements through the model and a greater sensitivity to gel thickness compared to the more connected Delaunay networks and the nonlinear continuum model. Detailed analysis of the results indicates that rotational freedom of the fibers in a network with low fiber connectivity is critically important for enhanced, long-range mechanosensing. Our findings demonstrate the utility of multiscale models in predicting cells mechanosensing on fibrous gels, and they provide a more complete understanding of how cell traction forces propagate through fibrous tissues, which has implications for the design of engineered tissues and the stem cell niche.
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Bornschlögl T, Bildstein L, Thibaut S, Santoprete R, Fiat F, Luengo GS, Doucet J, Bernard BA, Baghdadli N. Keratin network modifications lead to the mechanical stiffening of the hair follicle fiber. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:5940-5. [PMID: 27162354 PMCID: PMC4889357 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1520302113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The complex mechanical properties of biomaterials such as hair, horn, skin, or bone are determined by the architecture of the underlying fibrous bionetworks. Although much is known about the influence of the cytoskeleton on the mechanics of isolated cells, this has been less studied in tridimensional tissues. We used the hair follicle as a model to link changes in the keratin network composition and architecture to the mechanical properties of the nascent hair. We show using atomic force microscopy that the soft keratinocyte matrix at the base of the follicle stiffens by a factor of ∼360, from 30 kPa to 11 MPa along the first millimeter of the follicle. The early mechanical stiffening is concomitant to an increase in diameter of the keratin macrofibrils, their continuous compaction, and increasingly parallel orientation. The related stiffening of the material follows a power law, typical of the mechanics of nonthermal bending-dominated fiber networks. In addition, we used X-ray diffraction to monitor changes in the (supra)molecular organization within the keratin fibers. At later keratinization stages, the inner mechanical properties of the macrofibrils dominate the stiffening due to the progressive setting up of the cystine network. Our findings corroborate existing models on the sequence of biological and structural events during hair keratinization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Françoise Fiat
- L'Oreal Research & Innovation, F93600 Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | | | - Jean Doucet
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Paris-Sud University, F91400 Orsay, France
| | - Bruno A Bernard
- L'Oreal Research & Innovation, F93600 Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Nawel Baghdadli
- L'Oreal Research & Innovation, F93600 Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
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Kassab GS, An G, Sander EA, Miga MI, Guccione JM, Ji S, Vodovotz Y. Augmenting Surgery via Multi-scale Modeling and Translational Systems Biology in the Era of Precision Medicine: A Multidisciplinary Perspective. Ann Biomed Eng 2016; 44:2611-25. [PMID: 27015816 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-016-1596-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this era of tremendous technological capabilities and increased focus on improving clinical outcomes, decreasing costs, and increasing precision, there is a need for a more quantitative approach to the field of surgery. Multiscale computational modeling has the potential to bridge the gap to the emerging paradigms of Precision Medicine and Translational Systems Biology, in which quantitative metrics and data guide patient care through improved stratification, diagnosis, and therapy. Achievements by multiple groups have demonstrated the potential for (1) multiscale computational modeling, at a biological level, of diseases treated with surgery and the surgical procedure process at the level of the individual and the population; along with (2) patient-specific, computationally-enabled surgical planning, delivery, and guidance and robotically-augmented manipulation. In this perspective article, we discuss these concepts, and cite emerging examples from the fields of trauma, wound healing, and cardiac surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghassan S Kassab
- California Medical Innovations Institute, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Gary An
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Edward A Sander
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Michael I Miga
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
| | - Julius M Guccione
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Songbai Ji
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA.,Department of Surgery and of Orthopaedic Surgery, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Yoram Vodovotz
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, W944 Starzl Biomedical Sciences Tower, 200 Lothrop St., Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA. .,Center for Inflammation and Regenerative Modeling, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA.
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Aghvami M, Barocas VH, Sander EA. Multiscale mechanical simulations of cell compacted collagen gels. J Biomech Eng 2014; 135:71004. [PMID: 23720151 DOI: 10.1115/1.4024460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Engineered tissues are commonly stretched or compressed (i.e., conditioned) during culture to stimulate extracellular matrix (ECM) production and to improve the mechanical properties of the growing construct. The relationships between mechanical stimulation and ECM remodeling, however, are complex, interdependent, and dynamic. Thus, theoretical models are required for understanding the underlying phenomena so that the conditioning process can be optimized to produce functional engineered tissues. Here, we continue our development of multiscale mechanical models by simulating the effect of cell tractions on developing isometric tension and redistributing forces in the surrounding fibers of a collagen gel embedded with explants. The model predicted patterns of fiber reorganization that were similar to those observed experimentally. Furthermore, the inclusion of cell compaction also changed the distribution of fiber strains in the gel compared to the acellular case, particularly in the regions around the cells where the highest strains were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maziar Aghvami
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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Kurniawan NA, Enemark S, Rajagopalan R. The role of structure in the nonlinear mechanics of cross-linked semiflexible polymer networks. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:065101. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3682779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
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