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Verma RK, Kalyakulina A, Mishra A, Ivanchenko M, Jalan S. Role of mitochondrial genetic interactions in determining adaptation to high altitude human population. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2046. [PMID: 35132109 PMCID: PMC8821606 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05719-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Physiological and haplogroup studies performed to understand high-altitude adaptation in humans are limited to individual genes and polymorphic sites. Due to stochastic evolutionary forces, the frequency of a polymorphism is affected by changes in the frequency of a near-by polymorphism on the same DNA sample making them connected in terms of evolution. Here, first, we provide a method to model these mitochondrial polymorphisms as "co-mutation networks" for three high-altitude populations, Tibetan, Ethiopian and Andean. Then, by transforming these co-mutation networks into weighted and undirected gene-gene interaction (GGI) networks, we were able to identify functionally enriched genetic interactions of CYB and CO3 genes in Tibetan and Andean populations, while NADH dehydrogenase genes in the Ethiopian population playing a significant role in high altitude adaptation. These co-mutation based genetic networks provide insights into the role of different set of genes in high-altitude adaptation in human sub-populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul K Verma
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Simrol, Indore, 453552, India
| | - Alena Kalyakulina
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Centre of Bioinformatics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Ankit Mishra
- Complex Systems Lab, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Simrol, Indore, 453552, India
| | - Mikhail Ivanchenko
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Centre of Bioinformatics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.,Laboratory of Systems Medicine of Healthy Aging and Department of Applied Mathematics, Lobachevsky University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Sarika Jalan
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Simrol, Indore, 453552, India. .,Complex Systems Lab, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Simrol, Indore, 453552, India.
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