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De-Deus G, Santos GO, Monteiro IZ, Cavalcante DM, Simões-Carvalho M, Belladonna FG, Silva EJNL, Souza EM, Licha R, Zogheib C, Versiani MA. Micro-CT assessment of gap-containing areas along the gutta-percha-sealer interface in oval-shaped canals. Int Endod J 2022; 55:795-807. [PMID: 35383977 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess the interfacial adaptation (gap-containing areas) of two root canal sealers (EndoSequence BC Sealer and AH Plus) to a conventional gutta-percha (GP) cone (GP-sealer interface) in oval-shaped canals filled using the single cone technique. METHODOLOGY Sixteen teeth with oval-shaped canals were selected, scanned in a micro-computed tomographic device, and pair-matched according to the volume, aspect ratio and configuration of root canals. Root canals were then sequentially prepared with WaveOne Gold Primary and Large instruments, followed by filling with WaveOne Large GP points associated with either the premixed calcium-silicate EndoSequence BC Sealer or the epoxy resin-based AH Plus sealer (n = 8 per group) using the single cone technique. After 7 days stored in phosphate-buffered saline solution at 37°C, the specimens were rescanned and the reconstructed images segmented in order to differentiate the filling materials (sealer and GP cone) to the dentine. A total of 453 cross-sectional slices were assessed and categorized according to the presence or absence of gaps at the GP-sealer interface. Mann-Whitney U-test verified the differences between groups and were considered significant at alpha = 5%. RESULTS Gaps were non-homogenously distributed in two-dimensional axial cross-section images and none of the specimens showed completely gap-free areas along the entire GP-sealer interface. Root canals filled with EndoSequence BC Sealer and AH Plus displayed 171 (37.75%) and 136 (30.02%) slices with gaps in the GP-sealer interface and these frequencies were statistically significant (p = .000). CONCLUSIONS Although none of the specimens had a gap-free area along the entire GP-sealer interface, oval canals filled with AH Plus showed less gaps than the ones filled with EndoSequence BC Sealer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo De-Deus
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Gustavo O Santos
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Erick M Souza
- Department of Dentistry II, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Raphael Licha
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Carla Zogheib
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marco A Versiani
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
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Harmon MD, Ramos DM, Nithyadevi D, Bordett R, Rudraiah S, Nukavarapu SP, Moss IL, Kumbar SG. Growing a backbone - functional biomaterials and structures for intervertebral disc (IVD) repair and regeneration: challenges, innovations, and future directions. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:1216-1239. [PMID: 31957773 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm01288e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Back pain and associated maladies can account for an immense amount of healthcare cost and loss of productivity in the workplace. In particular, spine related injuries in the US affect upwards of 5.7 million people each year. The degenerative disc disease treatment almost always arises due to a clinical presentation of pain and/or discomfort. Preferred conservative treatment modalities include the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications, physical therapy, massage, acupuncture, chiropractic work, and dietary supplements like glucosamine and chondroitin. Artificial disc replacement, also known as total disc replacement, is a treatment alternative to spinal fusion. The goal of artificial disc prostheses is to replicate the normal biomechanics of the spine segment, thereby preventing further damage to neighboring sections. Artificial functional disc replacement through permanent metal and polymer-based components continues to evolve, but is far from recapitulating native disc structure and function, and suffers from the risk of unsuccessful tissue integration and device failure. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine strategies combine novel material structures, bioactive factors and stem cells alone or in combination to repair and regenerate the IVD. These efforts are at very early stages and a more in-depth understanding of IVD metabolism and cellular environment will also lead to a clearer understanding of the native environment which the tissue engineering scaffold should mimic. The current review focusses on the strategies for a successful regenerative scaffold for IVD regeneration and the need for defining new materials, environments, and factors that are so finely tuned in the healthy human intervertebral disc in hopes of treating such a prevalent degenerative process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Harmon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA. and Department of Orthopedics Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Daisy M Ramos
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA. and Department of Orthopedics Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - D Nithyadevi
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Rosalie Bordett
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Swetha Rudraiah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Saint Joseph, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Syam P Nukavarapu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA. and Department of Orthopedics Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Isaac L Moss
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Sangamesh G Kumbar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA. and Department of Orthopedics Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
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3
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Ye J, Wang J, Zhu Y, Wei Q, Wang X, Yang J, Tang S, Liu H, Fan J, Zhang F, Farina EM, Mohammed MK, Zou Y, Song D, Liao J, Huang J, Guo D, Lu M, Liu F, Liu J, Li L, Ma C, Hu X, Haydon RC, Lee MJ, Reid RR, Ameer GA, Yang L, He TC. A thermoresponsive polydiolcitrate-gelatin scaffold and delivery system mediates effective bone formation from BMP9-transduced mesenchymal stem cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 11:025021. [PMID: 27097687 DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/11/2/025021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Successful bone tissue engineering requires at the minimum sufficient osteoblast progenitors, efficient osteoinductive factors, and biocompatible scaffolding materials. We previously demonstrated that bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) is one of the most potent factors in inducing osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Here, we investigated the potential use of a biodegradable citrate-based thermosensitive macromolecule, poly(polyethyleneglycol citrate-co-N-isopropylacrylamide) (PPCN) mixed with gelatin (PPCNG) as a scaffold for the delivery of BMP9-stimulated MSCs to promote localized bone formation. The addition of gelatin to PPCN effectively enhanced the cell adhesion and survival properties of MSCs entrapped within the gel in 3D culture. Using the BMP9-transduced MSC line immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblasts (iMEFs), we found that PPCNG facilitated BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation of iMEFs in vivo and promoted the formation of well-ossified and vascularized trabecular bone-like structures in a mouse model of ectopic bone formation. Histologic evaluation revealed that vascularization of the bony masses retrieved from the iMEFs + PPCNG group was significantly more pronounced than that of the direct cell injection group. Accordingly, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression was shown to be significantly higher in the bony masses recovered from the iMEFs + PPCNG group. Taken together, our results suggest that PPCNG may serve as a novel biodegradable and injectable scaffold and carrier for gene and cell-based bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixing Ye
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China. Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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4
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An engineered multicomponent bone marrow niche for the recapitulation of hematopoiesis at ectopic transplantation sites. J Hematol Oncol 2016; 9:4. [PMID: 26810307 PMCID: PMC4727380 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-016-0234-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bone marrow (BM) niches are often inaccessible for controlled experimentation due to their difficult accessibility, biological complexity, and three-dimensional (3D) geometry. Methods Here, we report the development and characterization of a BM model comprising of cellular and structural components with increased potential for hematopoietic recapitulation at ectopic transplantation sites. Cellular components included mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Structural components included 3D β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffolds complemented with Matrigel or collagen I/III gels for the recreation of the osteogenic/extracellular character of native BM. Results In vitro, β-TCP/Matrigel combinations robustly maintained proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and matrix remodeling capacities of MSCs and maintenance of HSPCs function over time. In vivo, scaffolds promoted strong and robust recruitment of hematopoietic cells to sites of ectopic transplantation, vascularization, and soft tissue formation. Conclusions Our tissue-engineered BM system is a powerful tool to explore the regulatory mechanisms of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells for a better understanding of hematopoiesis in health and disease. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13045-016-0234-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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β-Tricalcium phosphate for bone replacement: Stability and integration in sheep. J Biomech 2015; 48:1023-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Cassidy JW, Roberts JN, Smith CA, Robertson M, White K, Biggs MJ, Oreffo ROC, Dalby MJ. Osteogenic lineage restriction by osteoprogenitors cultured on nanometric grooved surfaces: the role of focal adhesion maturation. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:651-60. [PMID: 24252447 PMCID: PMC3907683 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Revised: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The differentiation of progenitor cells is dependent on more than biochemical signalling. Topographical cues in natural bone extracellular matrix guide cellular differentiation through the formation of focal adhesions, contact guidance, cytoskeletal rearrangement and ultimately gene expression. Osteoarthritis and a number of bone disorders present as growing challenges for our society. Hence, there is a need for next generation implantable devices to substitute for, or guide, bone repair in vivo. Cellular responses to nanometric topographical cues need to be better understood in vitro in order to ensure the effective and efficient integration and performance of these orthopedic devices. In this study, the FDA-approved plastic polycaprolactone was embossed with nanometric grooves and the response of primary and immortalized osteoprogenitor cells observed. Nanometric groove dimensions were 240 nm or 540 nm deep and 12.5 μm wide. Cells cultured on test surfaces followed contact guidance along the length of groove edges, elongated along their major axis and showed nuclear distortion; they formed more focal complexes and lower proportions of mature adhesions relative to planar controls. Down-regulation of the osteoblast marker genes RUNX2 and BMPR2 in primary and immortalized cells was observed on grooved substrates. Down-regulation appeared to directly correlate with focal adhesion maturation, indicating the involvement of ERK 1/2 negative feedback pathways following integrin-mediated FAK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Cassidy
- Centre for Cell Engineering, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
| | - Jemma N Roberts
- Centre for Cell Engineering, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Carol-Anne Smith
- Centre for Cell Engineering, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Mary Robertson
- Kelvin Nanotechnology, James Watt Nanofabrication Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8LT, UK
| | - Kate White
- Bone & Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Manus J Biggs
- Network of Excellence for Functional Biomaterials (NFB), National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Richard O C Oreffo
- Bone & Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Matthew J Dalby
- Centre for Cell Engineering, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
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Shui W, Zhang W, Yin L, Nan G, Liao Z, Zhang H, Wang N, Wu N, Chen X, Wen S, He Y, Deng F, Zhang J, Luu HH, Shi LL, Hu Z, Haydon RC, Mok JM, He TC. Characterization of scaffold carriers for BMP9-transduced osteoblastic progenitor cells in bone regeneration. J Biomed Mater Res A 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 China
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Education; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Education; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine; The University of Chicago Medical Center; 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 3079 Chicago Illinois 60637
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and the Affiliated Hospitals; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 China
| | - Liangjun Yin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 China
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Education; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine; The University of Chicago Medical Center; 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 3079 Chicago Illinois 60637
| | - Guoxin Nan
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Education; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine; The University of Chicago Medical Center; 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 3079 Chicago Illinois 60637
| | - Zhan Liao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine; The University of Chicago Medical Center; 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 3079 Chicago Illinois 60637
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Xiang-Ya Hospital of Central South University; Changsha 410083 China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Education; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine; The University of Chicago Medical Center; 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 3079 Chicago Illinois 60637
| | - Ning Wang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine; The University of Chicago Medical Center; 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 3079 Chicago Illinois 60637
- Department of Cell Biology; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing 400038 China
- Department of Oncology; Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University; Chongqing 400038 China
| | - Ningning Wu
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Education; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine; The University of Chicago Medical Center; 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 3079 Chicago Illinois 60637
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and the Affiliated Hospitals; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 China
| | - Xian Chen
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Education; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine; The University of Chicago Medical Center; 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 3079 Chicago Illinois 60637
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and the Affiliated Hospitals; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 China
| | - Sheng Wen
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Education; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine; The University of Chicago Medical Center; 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 3079 Chicago Illinois 60637
| | - Yunfeng He
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 China
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Education; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine; The University of Chicago Medical Center; 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 3079 Chicago Illinois 60637
| | - Fang Deng
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine; The University of Chicago Medical Center; 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 3079 Chicago Illinois 60637
- Department of Cell Biology; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing 400038 China
- Department of Oncology; Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University; Chongqing 400038 China
| | - Junhui Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 China
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Education; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine; The University of Chicago Medical Center; 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 3079 Chicago Illinois 60637
| | - Hue H. Luu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine; The University of Chicago Medical Center; 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 3079 Chicago Illinois 60637
| | - Lewis L. Shi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine; The University of Chicago Medical Center; 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 3079 Chicago Illinois 60637
| | - Zhenming Hu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 China
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Education; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 China
| | - Rex C. Haydon
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine; The University of Chicago Medical Center; 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 3079 Chicago Illinois 60637
| | - James M. Mok
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine; The University of Chicago Medical Center; 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 3079 Chicago Illinois 60637
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Education; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and the Affiliated Hospitals; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 China
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Shui W, Zhang W, Yin L, Nan G, Liao Z, Zhang H, Wang N, Wu N, Chen X, Wen S, He Y, Deng F, Zhang J, Luu HH, Shi LL, Hu Z, Haydon RC, Mok JM, He TC. Characterization of scaffold carriers for BMP9-transduced osteoblastic progenitor cells in bone regeneration. J Biomed Mater Res A 2013; 102:3429-38. [PMID: 24133046 DOI: 10.1002/jbma.35006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Successful bone tissue engineering at least requires sufficient osteoblast progenitors, efficient osteoinductive factors, and biocompatible scaffolding materials. We have demonstrated that BMP9 is one of the most potent factors in inducing osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal progenitors. To facilitate the potential use of cell-based BMP9 gene therapy for bone regeneration, we characterize the in vivo osteoconductive activities and bone regeneration potential of three clinically used scaffold materials, type I collagen sponge, hydroxyapatite-tricalcium phosphate (HA-TCP), and demineralized bone matrix (DBM), using BMP9-expressing C2C12 osteoblastic progenitor cells. We find that recombinant adenovirus-mediated BMP9 expression effectively induces osteogenic differentiation in C2C12 cells. Although direct subcutaneous injection of BMP9-transduced C2C12 cells forms ectopic bony masses, subcutaneous implantation of BMP9-expressing C2C12 cells with collagen sponge or HA-TCP scaffold yields the most robust and mature cancellous bone formation, whereas the DBM carrier group forms no or minimal bone masses. Our results suggest that collagen sponge and HA-TCP scaffold carriers may provide more cell-friendly environment to support the survival, propagation, and ultimately differentiation of BMP9-expressing progenitor cells. This line of investigation should provide important experimental evidence for further preclinical studies in BMP9-mediated cell-based approach to bone tissue engineering.
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