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Sprankel L, Vizarraga D, Martín J, Manger S, Meier-Credo J, Marcos M, Julve J, Rotllan N, Scheffer MP, Escolà-Gil JC, Langer JD, Piñol J, Fita I, Frangakis AS. Essential protein P116 extracts cholesterol and other indispensable lipids for Mycoplasmas. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2023; 30:321-329. [PMID: 36782049 PMCID: PMC10023570 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-023-00922-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Mycoplasma pneumoniae, responsible for approximately 30% of community-acquired human pneumonia, needs to extract lipids from the host environment for survival and proliferation. Here, we report a comprehensive structural and functional analysis of the previously uncharacterized protein P116 (MPN_213). Single-particle cryo-electron microscopy of P116 reveals a homodimer presenting a previously unseen fold, forming a huge hydrophobic cavity, which is fully accessible to solvent. Lipidomics analysis shows that P116 specifically extracts lipids such as phosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin and cholesterol. Structures of different conformational states reveal the mechanism by which lipids are extracted. This finding immediately suggests a way to control Mycoplasma infection by interfering with lipid uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Sprankel
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Institute of Biophysics, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - David Vizarraga
- Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona (IBMB-CSIC), Parc Científic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Martín
- Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona (IBMB-CSIC), Parc Científic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sina Manger
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Institute of Biophysics, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | - Marina Marcos
- Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Josep Julve
- Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Noemi Rotllan
- Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Margot P Scheffer
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Institute of Biophysics, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Joan Carles Escolà-Gil
- Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julian D Langer
- Proteomics, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt, Germany
- Proteomics, Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jaume Piñol
- Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Ignacio Fita
- Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona (IBMB-CSIC), Parc Científic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Achilleas S Frangakis
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Institute of Biophysics, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
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Han G, Shin SG, Cho K, Lee J, Kim W, Hwang S. Temporal variation in bacterial and methanogenic communities of three full-scale anaerobic digesters treating swine wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:1217-1226. [PMID: 29327188 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-1103-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of temporal variations of process parameters on microbial community structures in the two types of full-scale anaerobic digester treating swine wastewater, three full-scale anaerobic digesters were monitored. An anaerobic filter (AF)-type digester located in Gong-Ju (GJ) showed the highest COD removal among three digesters and maintained stable efficiency. A digester in Hong-Seong (HS) was of the same type as it GJ and showed improved efficiency over the sampling period. A continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR)-type digester in Soon-Cheon (SC) showed decreasing efficiency due to a high residual concentration of VFAs and NH4+. These process efficiencies were closely correlated to the Simpson indices of the methanogenic communities. Genera Bacillus, Methanosaeta, and Methanospirillum that have filamentous morphology were dominant in both AF-type digesters, but genera Acholeplasma, Methanosarcina, and Methanoculleus that have spherical or coccoid morphology were dominantly abundant in the CSTR-type digester. Correlation between populations suggests a possible syntrophic relationship between genera Desulfobulbus and Methanosaeta in digesters GJ and HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyuseong Han
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Gu Shin
- Department of Energy Engineering, Future Convergence Technology Research Institute, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Kyungjin Cho
- Center for Water Resource Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 39-1, Hawolgok-Dong, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 136-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonyeob Lee
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seokhwan Hwang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 790-784, Republic of Korea.
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Rottem S. "Unique choline-containing phosphoglycolipids in Mycoplasma fermentans". Chem Phys Lipids 2015; 194:94-100. [PMID: 26496149 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shlomo Rottem
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
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Unique choline-containing phosphoglycolipids in Mycoplasma fermentans. Chem Phys Lipids 2015; 191:61-7. [PMID: 26232667 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2015.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abstract
The de novo synthesized polar lipids of Mycoplasma species are rather simple, comprising primarily of the acidic glycerophospholipids PG and CL. In addition, when grown in a medium containing serum, significant amounts of PC and SPM are incorporated into the mycoplasma cell membrane although these lipids are very uncommon in wall-covered bacteria. The exogenous lipids are either incorporated unchanged or the PC incorporated is modified by a deacylation-acylation enzymatic cycle to form disaturated PC. Although their small genome, in some Mycoplasma species, other genes involved in lipid biosynthesis were detected, resulting in the synthesis of a variety of glycolipis, phosphoglycolipids and ether lipids. We suggest that analyses and comparisons of mycoplasma polar lipids may serve as a novel and useful tool for classification. Nonetheless, to evaluate the importance of polar lipids in mycoplasma, further systematic and extensive studies on more Mycoplasma species are needed. While studies are needed to elucidate the role of lipids in the mechanisms governing the interaction of mycoplasmas with host eukaryotic cells, the finding that a terminal phosphocholine containing glycolipids of M. fermentans serves both as a major immune determinants and as a trigger of the inflammatory responses, and the findings that the fusogenicity of M. fermentans with host cells is markedly stimulated by lyso-ether lipids, are important steps toward understanding the molecular mechanisms of M. fermentans pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shlomo Rottem
- Department of Membrane and Ultrastructure Research, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
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Phillips JE, Rodrigueza WV, Johnson WJ. Basis for rapid efflux of biosynthetic desmosterol from cells. J Lipid Res 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)33326-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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