Shin CY, Choi JW, Ryu JR, Ko KH, Choi JJ, Kim HS, Kim HS, Lee JC, Lee SJ, Kim HC, Kim WK. Glucose deprivation decreases nitric oxide production via NADPH depletion in immunostimulated rat primary astrocytes.
Glia 2002;
37:268-74. [PMID:
11857685 DOI:
10.1002/glia.10032]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We have previously reported that the production of nitric oxide (NO) in immunostimulated astrocytes was markedly decreased under glucose-deprived conditions. The present study was undertaken to find the contributing factor(s) for the decreased NO production in glucose-deprived immunostimulated astrocytes. NO production in rat primary astrocytes was stimulated for 24-48 h by cotreatment with lipopolysaccharides (1 microg/ml) and interferon-gamma (100 U/ml). Decreased NO production in immunostimulated astrocytes by glucose deprivation was mimicked by the glycolytic inhibitor 2-deoxyglucose and reversed by addition of pyruvate and lactate. Glucose deprivation did not alter the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in immunostimulated astrocytes. Addition of beta-NADPH, but not tetrahydrobiopterine, both of which are essential cofactors for NOS function, completely restored the NO production that was decreased in glucose-deprived immunostimulated astrocytes. Glucose deprivation and immunostimulation synergistically reduced intracellular NADPH level in astrocytes. The results indicate that glucose deprivation decreases NO production in immunostimulated astrocytes by depleting intracellular NADPH, a cofactor of iNOS.
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