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LEA29Y expression in transgenic neonatal porcine islet-like cluster promotes long-lasting xenograft survival in humanized mice without immunosuppressive therapy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3572. [PMID: 28620237 PMCID: PMC5472587 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03913-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetically engineered pigs are a promising source for islet cell transplantation in type 1 diabetes, but the strong human anti-pig immune response prevents its successful clinical application. Here we studied the efficacy of neonatal porcine islet-like cell clusters (NPICCs) overexpressing LEA29Y, a high-affinity variant of the T cell co-stimulation inhibitor CTLA-4Ig, to engraft and restore normoglycemia after transplantation into streptozotocin-diabetic NOD-SCID IL2rγ−/− (NSG) mice stably reconstituted with a human immune system. Transplantation of INSLEA29Y expressing NPICCs resulted in development of normal glucose tolerance (70.4%) and long-term maintenance of normoglycemia without administration of immunosuppressive drugs. All animals transplanted with wild-type NPICCs remained diabetic. Immunohistological examinations revealed a strong peri- and intragraft infiltration of wild-type NPICCs with human CD45+ immune cells consisting of predominantly CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes and some CD68+ macrophages and FoxP3+ regulatory T cells. Significantly less infiltrating lymphocytes and only few macrophages were observed in animals transplanted with INSLEA29Y transgenic NPICCs. This is the first study providing evidence that beta cell-specific LEA29Y expression is effective for NPICC engraftment in the presence of a humanized immune system and it has a long-lasting protective effect on inhibition of human anti-pig xenoimmunity. Our findings may have important implications for the development of a low-toxic protocol for porcine islet transplantation in patients with type 1 diabetes.
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Wolf-van Buerck L, Schuster M, Baehr A, Mayr T, Guethoff S, Abicht J, Reichart B, Nam-Apostolopoulos YC, Klymiuk N, Wolf E, Seissler J. Engraftment and reversal of diabetes after intramuscular transplantation of neonatal porcine islet-like clusters. Xenotransplantation 2015; 22:443-50. [PMID: 26490671 DOI: 10.1111/xen.12201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intraportal infusion is currently the method of choice for clinical islet cell transplantation but suffers from poor efficacy. As the liver may not represent an optimal transplantation site for Langerhans islets, we examined the potential of neonatal porcine islet-like clusters (NPICCs) to engraft in skeletal muscle as an alternative transplantation site. METHODS Neonatal porcine islet-like clusters were isolated from 2- to 5-day-old piglets and either transplanted under the kidney capsule (s.k.) or injected into the lower hindlimb muscle (i.m.) of streptozotocin-diabetic NOD-SCID IL2rγ(-/-) (NSG) mice. Survival, vascularization, maturation, and functional activity were analyzed by intraperitoneal glucose tolerance testing and immunohistochemical analyses. RESULTS Intramuscular transplantation of NPICCs resulted in development of normoglycemia and restored glucose homeostasis. Time to reversal of diabetes and glucose tolerance (AUC glucose and AUC insulin) did not significantly differ as compared to s.k. transplantation. Intramuscular grafts exhibited rapid neovascularization and graft composition with cytokeratin-positive ductal cells and beta cells at post-transplant weeks 2 and 8 and after establishment of normoglycemia was comparable in both groups. CONCLUSIONS Intramuscular injection represents a minimally invasive but efficient alternative for transplantation of NPICCs and, thus, offers an attractive alternative site for xenotransplantation approaches. These findings may have important implications for improving the outcome and the monitoring of pig islet xenotransplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lelia Wolf-van Buerck
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV-Campus Innenstadt, Diabetes Zentrum, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany.,Transregio Collaborative Research Center 127, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany
| | - Marion Schuster
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV-Campus Innenstadt, Diabetes Zentrum, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany.,Transregio Collaborative Research Center 127, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany
| | - Andrea Baehr
- Transregio Collaborative Research Center 127, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany.,Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology and Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany
| | - Tanja Mayr
- Transregio Collaborative Research Center 127, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany
| | - Sonja Guethoff
- Transregio Collaborative Research Center 127, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany
| | - Jan Abicht
- Transregio Collaborative Research Center 127, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany.,Department of Anesthesiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany
| | - Bruno Reichart
- Transregio Collaborative Research Center 127, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany
| | | | - Nikolai Klymiuk
- Transregio Collaborative Research Center 127, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany.,Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology and Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- Transregio Collaborative Research Center 127, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany.,Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology and Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany
| | - Jochen Seissler
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV-Campus Innenstadt, Diabetes Zentrum, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany.,Transregio Collaborative Research Center 127, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany
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Mancuso F, Calvitti M, Luca G, Nastruzzi C, Baroni T, Mazzitelli S, Becchetti E, Arato I, Boselli C, Ngo Nselel MD, Calafiore R. Acceleration of functional maturation and differentiation of neonatal porcine islet cell monolayers shortly in vitro cocultured with microencapsulated sertoli cells. Stem Cells Int 2009; 2010:587213. [PMID: 21048849 PMCID: PMC2956457 DOI: 10.4061/2010/587213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2009] [Revised: 07/20/2009] [Accepted: 08/27/2009] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The limited availability of cadaveric human donor pancreata as well as the incomplete success of the Edmonton protocol for human islet allografts fasten search for new sources of insulin the producing cells for substitution cell therapy of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Starting from isolated neonatal porcine pancreatic islets (NPIs), we have obtained cell monolayers that were exposed to microencapsulated monolayered Sertoli cells (ESCs) for different time periods (7, 14, 21 days). To assess the development of the cocultured cell monolayers, we have studied either endocrine cell phenotype differentiation markers or c-kit, a hematopoietic stem cell marker, has recently been involved with growth and differentiation of β-cell subpopulations in human as well as rodent animal models. ESC which were found to either accelerate maturation and differentiation of the NPIs β-cell phenotype or identify an islet cell subpopulation that was marked positively for c-kit. The insulin/c-kit positive cells might represent a new, still unknown functionally immature β-cell like element in the porcine pancreas. Acceleration of maturation and differentiation of our NPI cell monolayers might generate a potential new opportunity to develop insulin-producing cells that may suite experimental trials for cell therapy of T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Mancuso
- Section of Internal Medicine and Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Mario Calvitti
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Luca
- Section of Internal Medicine and Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Claudio Nastruzzi
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of the Drug, School of Pharmacy, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Tiziano Baroni
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Stefania Mazzitelli
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of the Drug, School of Pharmacy, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Ennio Becchetti
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Iva Arato
- Section of Internal Medicine and Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Carlo Boselli
- Department of Surgery, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Monique D. Ngo Nselel
- Section of Internal Medicine and Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Riccardo Calafiore
- Section of Internal Medicine and Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
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Morini S, Brown ML, Cicalese L, Elias G, Carotti S, Gaudio E, Rastellini C. Revascularization and remodelling of pancreatic islets grafted under the kidney capsule. J Anat 2007; 210:565-77. [PMID: 17394557 PMCID: PMC2375740 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2007.00717.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The revascularization and the structural changes resulting from interactions between the graft and the host were investigated in transplanted pancreatic islets under the kidney capsule. Islets were isolated from mice pancreata and transplanted in syngeneic diabetic animals. Graft-bearing kidneys were collected on different days post-transplant and processed for light microscopy, immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy. A numerical analysis was performed in order to compare the percentage number of the different types of cells in native islets and at different time points after the transplant. Recipient animals reversed diabetes within 4 days. An intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test was performed to determine islet functionality under stressful conditions. During the initial few days post-transplant, the islets showed peculiar shapes and the graft tended to aggregate along the vessels. Starting at days 4-7 post-transplant, islets were revascularized from vessels connected to both the cortical and the capsular vascular network of the kidney. From day 7-14 post-transplant, the vessels progressively appeared more similar in features and size to those of in situ pancreatic islets. Both the percentage number of the different cell types and the distribution of Alpha, Beta and Delta cells inside the graft were significantly different as compared with intact islets, demonstrating quantitative and structural changes after the engraftment. No concomitant proliferation of Beta cells was detected using a bromodeoxyuridin staining method. Despite the fact that quick revascularization preserved a large mass of tissue, the remodelling process of the graft and the newly formed vascularization led to a different organization of the endocrine tissue as compared with intact in situ islets. This constitutes the morphological basis for alterations of the normal intercellular interactions and may explain the altered secretory cell function often observed in transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Morini
- Department of Biomedical Research (CIR), University Campus Bio-MedicoRome, Italy
| | - Melissa L Brown
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, University of MassachusettsWorchester, MA, USA
| | - Luca Cicalese
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, University of MassachusettsWorchester, MA, USA
| | - George Elias
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, University of MassachusettsWorchester, MA, USA
| | - Simone Carotti
- Department of Biomedical Research (CIR), University Campus Bio-MedicoRome, Italy
| | - Eugenio Gaudio
- Department of Biomedical Research (CIR), University Campus Bio-MedicoRome, Italy
- Department of Human Anatomy, University of Rome‘La Sapienza’, Italy
| | - Cristiana Rastellini
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, University of MassachusettsWorchester, MA, USA
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BINETTE TANYAM, DUFOUR JANNETTEM, KORBUTT GREGORYS. In Vitro Maturation of Neonatal Porcine Islets. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb03822.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Street CN, Sipione S, Helms L, Binette T, Rajotte RV, Bleackley RC, Korbutt GS. Stem cell-based approaches to solving the problem of tissue supply for islet transplantation in type 1 diabetes. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2004; 36:667-83. [PMID: 15010331 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2003.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2003] [Accepted: 09/16/2003] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes is a debilitating condition, affecting millions worldwide, that is characterized by the autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic islets of Langerhans. Although exogenous insulin administration has traditionally been the mode of treatment for this disease, recent advancements in the transplantation of donor-derived insulin-producing cells have provided new hope for a cure. However, in order for islet transplantation to become a widely used technique, an alternative source of cells must be identified to supplement the limited supply currently available from cadaveric donor organs. Stem cells represent a promising solution to this problem, and current research is being aimed at the creation of islet-endocrine tissue from these undifferentiated cells. This review presents a summary of the research to date involving stem cells and cell replacement therapy for type 1 diabetes. The potential for the differentiation of embryonic stem (ES) cells to islet phenotype is discussed, as well as the possibility of identifying and exploiting a pancreatic progenitor/stem cell from the adult pancreas. The possibility of creating new islets from adult stem cells derived from other tissues, or directly form other terminally differentiated cell types is also addressed. Finally, a model for the isolation and maturation of islets from the neonatal porcine pancreas is discussed as evidence for the existence of an islet precursor cell in the pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cale N Street
- Surgical-Medical Research Institute, University of Alberta, Room 1074, Dentistry/Pharmacy Building, Edmonton, Alta., Canada T6G 2N8
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Brinkmann V, Lynch KR. FTY720: targeting G-protein-coupled receptors for sphingosine 1-phosphate in transplantation and autoimmunity. Curr Opin Immunol 2002; 14:569-75. [PMID: 12183155 DOI: 10.1016/s0952-7915(02)00374-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The novel immunomodulator FTY720 is remarkably effective in models of transplantation and autoimmunity. Recent data show that phosphorylated FTY720 is an agonist at four sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors. Stimulation of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors leads to sequestration of lymphocytes in secondary lymphatic tissues and thus away from inflammatory lesions and graft sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker Brinkmann
- Novartis Pharma AG Transplantation Research WSJ-386.101, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland.
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Abstract
The successful application and optimization of cell transplantation will require quantitative engineering design and analysis of cells and materials in which relevant biological processes remain complex and incompletely defined. This report primarily reviews the engineering and material considerations in islet cell transplantation, including established biological constraints and biohybrid devices for cell delivery, as well as available barrier materials and the associated processing strategies directed at the control of solute transport, barrier permeability, and host responses at the biological-material interface. Also described are current areas of investigation with particular promise as enabling technologies for accelerating the clinical effectiveness of islet cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E L Chaikof
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine and School of Chemical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
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Brinkmann V, Pinschewer DD, Feng L, Chen S. FTY720: altered lymphocyte traffic results in allograft protection. Transplantation 2001; 72:764-9. [PMID: 11571432 DOI: 10.1097/00007890-200109150-00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V Brinkmann
- Novartis Pharma AG, Transplantation Research, WSJ-386.1.01, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
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