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Agriesti F, Landini F, Tamma M, Pacelli C, Mazzoccoli C, Calice G, Ruggieri V, Capitanio G, Mori G, Piccoli C, Capitanio N. Bioenergetic profile and redox tone modulate in vitro osteogenesis of human dental pulp stem cells: new perspectives for bone regeneration and repair. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:215. [PMID: 37608350 PMCID: PMC10463344 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03447-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Redox signaling and energy metabolism are known to be involved in controlling the balance between self-renewal and proliferation/differentiation of stem cells. In this study we investigated metabolic and redox changes occurring during in vitro human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) osteoblastic (OB) differentiation and tested on them the impact of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling. METHODS hDPSCs were isolated from dental pulp and subjected to alkaline phosphatase and alizarin red staining, q-RT-PCR, and western blotting analysis of differentiation markers to assess achievement of osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation. Moreover, a combination of metabolic flux analysis and confocal cyto-imaging was used to profile the metabolic phenotype and to evaluate the redox tone of hDPSCs. RESULTS In differentiating hDPSCs we observed the down-regulation of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes expression since the early phase of the process, confirmed by metabolic flux analysis, and a reduction of the basal intracellular peroxide level in its later phase. In addition, dampened glycolysis was observed, thereby indicating a lower energy-generating phenotype in differentiating hDPSCs. Treatment with the ROS scavenger Trolox, applied in the early-middle phases of the process, markedly delayed OB differentiation of hDPSCs assessed as ALP activity, Runx2 expression, mineralization capacity, expression of stemness and osteoblast marker genes (Nanog, Lin28, Dspp, Ocn) and activation of ERK1/2. In addition, the antioxidant partly prevented the inhibitory effect on cell metabolism observed following osteogenic induction. CONCLUSIONS Altogether these results provided evidence that redox signaling, likely mediated by peroxide species, influenced the stepwise osteogenic expansion/differentiation of hDPSCs and contributed to shape its accompanying metabolic phenotype changes thus improving their efficiency in bone regeneration and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Agriesti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Francesca Landini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Mirko Tamma
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Consiglia Pacelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Carmela Mazzoccoli
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Giovanni Calice
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Vitalba Ruggieri
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
- Clinical Pathology Unit, “Madonna delle Grazie’’ Hospital, Matera, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Capitanio
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience “DiBraiN”, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giorgio Mori
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Claudia Piccoli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Nazzareno Capitanio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
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Scrima R, Agriesti F, Pacelli C, Piccoli C, Pucci P, Amoresano A, Cela O, Nappi L, Tataranni T, Mori G, Formisano P, Capitanio N. Myoglobin expression by alternative transcript in different mesenchymal stem cells compartments. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:209. [PMID: 35598009 PMCID: PMC9123686 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02880-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The metabolic phenotype of stem cells is increasingly recognized as a hallmark of their pluripotency with mitochondrial and oxygen-related metabolism playing a not completely defined role in this context. In a previous study, we reported the ectopic expression of myoglobin (MB) in bone marrow-derived hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Here, we have extended the analysis to mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from different tissues. METHODS MSCs were isolated from human placental membrane, mammary adipose tissue and dental pulp and subjected to RT-PCR, Western blotting and mass spectrometry to investigate the expression of MB. A combination of metabolic flux analysis and cyto-imaging was used to profile the metabolic phenotype and the mitochondria dynamics in the different MSCs. RESULTS As for the hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, the expression of Mb was largely driven by an alternative transcript with the protein occurring both in the monomer and in the dimer forms as confirmed by mass spectrometry analysis. Comparing the metabolic fluxes between neonatal placental membrane-derived and adult mammary adipose tissue-derived MSCs, we showed a significantly more active bioenergetics profile in the former that correlated with a larger co-localization of myoglobin with the mitochondrial compartment. Differences in the structure of the mitochondrial network as well as in the expression of factors controlling the organelle dynamics were also observed between neonatal and adult mesenchymal stem cells. Finally, the expression of myoglobin was found to be strongly reduced following osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp-derived MSCs, while it was upregulated following reprogramming of human fibroblasts to induce pluripotent stem cells. CONCLUSIONS Ectopic expression of myoglobin in tissues other than muscle raises the question of understanding its function therein. Properties in addition to the canonical oxygen storage/delivery have been uncovered. Finding of Mb expressed via an alternative gene transcript in the context of different stem cells with metabolic phenotypes, its loss during differentiation and recovery in iPSCs suggest a hitherto unappreciated role of Mb in controlling the balance between aerobic metabolism and pluripotency. Understanding how Mb contributes through modulation of the mitochondrial physiology to the stem cell biology paves the way to novel perspectives in regenerative medicine as well as in cancer stem cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosella Scrima
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
| | - Francesca Agriesti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.,Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy
| | - Consiglia Pacelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Claudia Piccoli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Pietro Pucci
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnology and Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Amoresano
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnology and Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Olga Cela
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Luigi Nappi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Tiziana Tataranni
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy
| | - Giorgio Mori
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Pietro Formisano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Nazzareno Capitanio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
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3
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Posa F, Colaianni G, Di Cosola M, Dicarlo M, Gaccione F, Colucci S, Grano M, Mori G. The Myokine Irisin Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation of Dental Bud-Derived MSCs. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10040295. [PMID: 33916859 PMCID: PMC8065887 DOI: 10.3390/biology10040295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Irisin is a recently discovered protein, mainly produced in the muscle tissue, whose action is proving effective in many other tissues. The crosstalk between muscle and bone has been long since demonstrated, and physical activity has shown to have an impressive positive effect in both tissues. Irisin production increases with exercising and drops with sedentariness and aging, indicating that the molecule is involved in sarcopenia and in bone mass reduction. Although skeleton is target of irisin, its mechanism of action on bone cells has not yet been completely elucidated. The aim of this work is to analyze the effect of irisin on osteoblast differentiation; to this purpose, we used a stem cell model reproducing the osteoblastogenesis and the bone-forming processes. We performed an in vitro study exploring the main osteoblast markers in the presence of irisin. We found that irisin has an impressive effect on the most peculiar osteoblast feature: the bone mineral matrix secretion process. Moreover, irisin demonstrated an inductive effect on osteoblast osteocalcin production. Both results suggest a stimulating effect of irisin in bone formation. The association we observed between irisin addition and osteoblast osteocalcin production should be further investigated. Abstract The myokine irisin, well known for its anabolic effect on bone tissue, has been demonstrated to positively act on osteoblastic differentiation processes in vitro. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have captured great attention in precision medicine and translational research for several decades due to their differentiation capacity, potent immunomodulatory properties, and their ability to be easily cultured and manipulated. Dental bud stem cells (DBSCs) are MSCs, isolated from dental tissues, that can effectively undergo osteoblastic differentiation. In this study, we analyzed, for the first time, the effects of irisin on DBSC osteogenic differentiation in vitro. Our results indicated that DBSCs were responsive to irisin, showed an enhanced expression of osteocalcin (OCN), a late marker of osteoblast differentiation, and displayed a greater mineral matrix deposition. These findings lead to deepening the mechanism of action of this promising molecule, as part of osteoblastogenesis process. Considering the in vivo studies of the effects of irisin on skeleton, irisin could improve bone tissue metabolism in MSC regenerative procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Posa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (F.P.); (M.D.C.)
| | - Graziana Colaianni
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.C.); (M.D.); (F.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Michele Di Cosola
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (F.P.); (M.D.C.)
| | - Manuela Dicarlo
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.C.); (M.D.); (F.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Francesco Gaccione
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.C.); (M.D.); (F.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Silvia Colucci
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Maria Grano
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.C.); (M.D.); (F.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Giorgio Mori
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (F.P.); (M.D.C.)
- Correspondence:
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Agriesti F, Tataranni T, Pacelli C, Scrima R, Laurenzana I, Ruggieri V, Cela O, Mazzoccoli C, Salerno M, Sessa F, Sani G, Pomara C, Capitanio N, Piccoli C. Nandrolone induces a stem cell-like phenotype in human hepatocarcinoma-derived cell line inhibiting mitochondrial respiratory activity. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2287. [PMID: 32041983 PMCID: PMC7010785 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58871-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nandrolone is a testosterone analogue with anabolic properties commonly abused worldwide, recently utilized also as therapeutic agent in chronic diseases, cancer included. Here we investigated the impact of nandrolone on the metabolic phenotype in HepG2 cell line. The results attained show that pharmacological dosage of nandrolone, slowing cell growth, repressed mitochondrial respiration, inhibited the respiratory chain complexes I and III and enhanced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Intriguingly, nandrolone caused a significant increase of stemness-markers in both 2D and 3D cultures, which resulted to be CxIII-ROS dependent. Notably, nandrolone negatively affected differentiation both in healthy hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells. Finally, nandrolone administration in mice confirmed the up-regulation of stemness-markers in liver, spleen and kidney. Our observations show, for the first time, that chronic administration of nandrolone, favoring maintenance of stem cells in different tissues would represent a precondition that, in addition to multiple hits, might enhance risk of carcinogenesis raising warnings about its abuse and therapeutic utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Agriesti
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, 85028, Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Tiziana Tataranni
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, 85028, Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Consiglia Pacelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, via L. Pinto c/o OO.RR., 71100, Foggia, Italy
| | - Rosella Scrima
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, via L. Pinto c/o OO.RR., 71100, Foggia, Italy
| | - Ilaria Laurenzana
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, 85028, Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Vitalba Ruggieri
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, 85028, Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Olga Cela
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, via L. Pinto c/o OO.RR., 71100, Foggia, Italy
| | - Carmela Mazzoccoli
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, 85028, Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Monica Salerno
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania - A.O.U. "Policlinico - V. Emanuele", via S. Sofia, 87 - Sector 10, Building B - 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Sessa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, via L. Pinto c/o OO.RR., 71100, Foggia, Italy
| | - Gabriele Sani
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy.,Department of Psychiatry, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Cristoforo Pomara
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania - A.O.U. "Policlinico - V. Emanuele", via S. Sofia, 87 - Sector 10, Building B - 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Nazzareno Capitanio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, via L. Pinto c/o OO.RR., 71100, Foggia, Italy
| | - Claudia Piccoli
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, 85028, Rionero in Vulture, Italy. .,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, via L. Pinto c/o OO.RR., 71100, Foggia, Italy.
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5
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Di Benedetto A, Posa F, Marazzi M, Kalemaj Z, Grassi R, Lo Muzio L, Comite MD, Cavalcanti-Adam EA, Grassi FR, Mori G. Osteogenic and Chondrogenic Potential of the Supramolecular Aggregate T-LysYal®. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:285. [PMID: 32431670 PMCID: PMC7214626 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hard tissue regeneration represents a challenge for the Regenerative Medicine and Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could be a successful therapeutic strategy. T-LysYal® (T-Lys), a new derivative of Hyaluronic Acid (HA) possessing a superior stability, has already been proved efficient in repairing corneal epithelial cells damaged by dry conditions in vitro. We investigated the regenerative potential of T-Lys in the hard tissues bone and cartilage. We have previously demonstrated that cells isolated from the tooth germ, Dental Bud Stem Cells (DBSCs), differentiate into osteoblast-like cells, representing a promising source of MSCs for bone regeneration. Herewith, we show that T-Lys treatment stimulates the expression of typical osteoblastic markers, such as Runx-2, Collagen I (Col1) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), determining a higher production of mineralized matrix nodules. In addition, we found that T-Lys treatment positively affects αVβ3 integrin expression, key integrin in the osteoblastic commitment, leading to the formation of focal adhesions (FAs). The efficacy of T-Lys was also tested on chondrogenic differentiation starting from human articular chondrocytes (HACs) resulting in an increase of differentiation markers and cell number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Di Benedetto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesca Posa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Heidelberg University & Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mario Marazzi
- Struttura Semplice Tissue Therapy, Niguarda Hospital, Piazza dell'Ospedale Maggiore, Milan, Italy
| | - Zamira Kalemaj
- Department of Basic and Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberta Grassi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Lo Muzio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Mariasevera Di Comite
- Department of Basic and Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Ada Cavalcanti-Adam
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Heidelberg University & Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felice Roberto Grassi
- Department of Basic and Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Giorgio Mori
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
- *Correspondence: Giorgio Mori
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Fathi-Achachelouei M, Keskin D, Bat E, Vrana NE, Tezcaner A. Dual growth factor delivery using PLGA nanoparticles in silk fibroin/PEGDMA hydrogels for articular cartilage tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 108:2041-2062. [PMID: 31872975 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Degeneration of articular cartilage due to damages, diseases, or age-related factors can significantly decrease the mobility of the patients. Various tissue engineering approaches which take advantage of stem cells and growth factors in a three-dimensional constructs have been used for reconstructing articular tissue. Proliferative impact of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and chondrogenic differentiation effect of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) over mesenchymal stem cells have previously been verified. In this study, silk fibroin (SF) and of poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (PEGDMA) were used to provide a versatile platform for preparing hydrogels with tunable mechanical, swelling and degradation properties through physical and chemical crosslinking as a microenvironment for chondrogenic differentiation in the presence of bFGF and TGF-β1 releasing nanoparticles (NPs) for the first time. Scaffolds with compressive moduli ranging from 95.70 ± 17.82 to 338.05 ± 38.24 kPa were obtained by changing both concentration PEGDMA and volume ratio of PEGDMA with 8% SF. Highest cell viability was observed in PEGDMA 10%-SF 8% (1:1) [PEG10-SF8(1:1)] hydrogel group. Release of bFGF and TGF-β1 within PEG10-SF8(1:1) hydrogels resulted in higher DNA and glycosaminoglycans amounts indicating synergistic effect of dual release over proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells in hydrogels, respectively. Our results suggested that simultaneous delivery of bFGF and TGF-β1 through utilization of PLGA NPs within PEG10-SF8(1:1) hydrogel provided a novel and versatile means for articular cartilage regeneration as they allow for dosage- and site-specific multiple growth factor delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dilek Keskin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey.,Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (BIOMATEN), Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey.,Department of Engineering Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erhan Bat
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nihal E Vrana
- Inserm UMR 1121, Strasbourg, France.,SPARTHA Medical, Strasbourg, France
| | - Aysen Tezcaner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey.,Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (BIOMATEN), Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey.,Department of Engineering Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
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7
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Li Y, Nan X, Zhong TY, Li T, Li A. Treatment of Periodontal Bone Defects with Stem Cells from Inflammatory Dental Pulp Tissues in Miniature Swine. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 16:191-200. [PMID: 30989045 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-018-00175-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Containing a certain proportion of mesenchymal stem cells, inflammatory dental tissue showed great tissue regeneration potential in recent years. However, whether it is applicable to promote tissue regeneration in vivo remains to be elucidated. Therefore, we evaluated the feasibility of stem cells from inflammatory dental pulp tissues (DPSCs-IPs) to reconstruct periodontal defects in miniature pigs. Methods The autologous pig DPSCs-IPs were first cultured, appraised and loaded onto β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). The compounds were then engrafted into an artificially-created periodontal defect. Three months later, the extent of periodontal regeneration was evaluated. Clinical examination, radiological examination and immunohistochemical staining were used to assess periodontal regeneration. Results The data collectively showed that DPSCs-IPs from miniature pigs expressed moderate to high levels of STRO-1 and CD146 as well as low levels of CD34 and CD45. DPSCs-IPs have osteogentic, adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation abilities. DPSCs-IPs were engrafted onto β-TCP and regenerated bone to repair periodontal defects by 3 months' post-surgical reconstruction. Conclusion Autologous DPSCs-IPs may be a feasible means of periodontal regeneration in miniature pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Li
- 1Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi China.,2Department of Periodontology, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi Wu Road No. 98, Xi'an, 710004 Shaanxi China
| | - Xi Nan
- 2Department of Periodontology, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi Wu Road No. 98, Xi'an, 710004 Shaanxi China
| | - Tian-Yu Zhong
- 3Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi Wu Road No. 98, Xi'an, 710004 Shaanxi China
| | - Tong Li
- 1Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi China.,3Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi Wu Road No. 98, Xi'an, 710004 Shaanxi China
| | - Ang Li
- 1Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi China.,2Department of Periodontology, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi Wu Road No. 98, Xi'an, 710004 Shaanxi China
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8
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Hou T, Li S, Zhang G, Li Y. High-fluence low-power laser irradiation promotes odontogenesis and inflammation resolution in periodontitis by enhancing stem cell proliferation and differentiation. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:2107-2119. [PMID: 30085334 PMCID: PMC6108882 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis can exert a severe impact on the life of patients, and the use of stem cell therapy for this disease is promising. The inflammatory response consequent to periodontitis can promote stem cell proliferation. Activated inflammation triggers inhibitory cytokine secretion, thus reducing inflammation subsequent to stem cell activation. High-fluence low-power laser irradiation (HF-LPLI) has the ability to regulate stem cell function through its effect on inflammation. Thus, the aim of the present study was to examine whether HF-LPLI is able to activate stem cells to promote regeneration in periodontitis by promoting inflammation resolution, as well as to evaluate the underlying mechanism of action if an effect is observed. Stem cells were treated with HF-LPLI following inflammation activation. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and EdU assay were used to evaluate cell proliferation and differentiation. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence were also used to detect the ability of HF-LPLI to regulate the surrounding inflammatory environment. Animal models of periodontal disease were treated with stem cells and HF-LPLI, and regeneration was detected by hematoxylin and eosin staining and in vivo imaging. It was observed that HF-LPLI promoted inflammation resolution by reducing the excessive inflammatory response, and finally stimulated stem cell proliferation and differentiation. Furthermore, in vivo results revealed that stem cells treated with HF-LPLI induced bone regeneration. HF-LPLI stimulated stem cell proliferation and differentiation by promoting inflammation resolution subsequent to stem cell activation, providing a new strategy for the clinical treatment of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiejun Hou
- Department of Stomatology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Shanyong Li
- Department of Stomatology, Liaocheng Third People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Guangwei Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Liaocheng Third People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Stomatology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
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9
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Di Benedetto A, Posa F, De Maria S, Ravagnan G, Ballini A, Porro C, Trotta T, Grano M, Muzio LL, Mori G. Polydatin, Natural Precursor of Resveratrol, Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Med Sci 2018; 15:944-952. [PMID: 30008608 PMCID: PMC6036093 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.24111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone loss and fractures are consequences of aging, diseases or traumas. Furthermore the increased number of aged people, due to the rise of life expectancy, needs more strategies to limit the bone loss and regenerate the lost tissue, ameliorating the life quality of patients. A great interest for non-pharmacological therapies based on natural compounds is emerging and focusing on the oligostilbene Polydatin, present in many kinds of fruits and vegetables, when resveratrol particularly in red wines. These molecules have been extensively studied due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, showing more recently Resveratrol the ability to enhance osteogenic differentiation and bone formation. However, the clinical applications of Resveratrol are limited due to its low bioavailability and rapid metabolism, while its natural glycosilated precursor Polydatin shows better metabolic stability and major abundance in fresh fruits and vegetables. Nevertheless the role of Polydatin on osteogenic differentiation is still unexplored. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from dental tissues, such as dental bud stem cells (DBSCs), are able to differentiate toward osteogenic lineage: thus we investigated how Resveratrol and Polydatin influence the differentiation of DBSCs, eventually affecting bone formation. Our results showed that Polydatin increases MSCs osteogenic differentiation sharing similar properties with Resveratrol. These results encourage to deepen the effects of this molecule on bone health and its associated mechanisms of action, wishing for the future a successful use in bone loss prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Di Benedetto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesca Posa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
- Max Planck Institute for Medical Research and Institute of Physical Chemistry, Department of Biophysical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Salvatore De Maria
- Glures srl. Unità Operativa di Napoli, spin off accademico dell'Università di Venezia Cà Foscari, Italy
| | - Giampietro Ravagnan
- Glures srl. Unità Operativa di Napoli, spin off accademico dell'Università di Venezia Cà Foscari, Italy
| | - Andrea Ballini
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Organs of Senses, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Chiara Porro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Teresa Trotta
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Maria Grano
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Lo Muzio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giorgio Mori
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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NURR1 Downregulation Favors Osteoblastic Differentiation of MSCs. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:7617048. [PMID: 28769982 PMCID: PMC5523352 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7617048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been identified in human dental tissues. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) were classified within MSC family, are multipotent, can be isolated from adult teeth, and have been shown to differentiate, under particular conditions, into various cell types including osteoblasts. In this work, we investigated how the differentiation process of DPSCs toward osteoblasts is controlled. Recent literature data attributed to the nuclear receptor related 1 (NURR1), a still unclarified role in osteoblast differentiation, while NURR1 is primarily involved in dopaminergic neuron differentiation and activity. Thus, in order to verify if NURR1 had a role in DPSC osteoblastic differentiation, we silenced it during all the processes and compared the expression of the main osteoblastic markers with control cultures. Our results showed that the inhibition of NURR1 significantly increased the expression of osteoblast markers collagen I and alkaline phosphatase. Further, in long time cultures, the mineral matrix deposition was strongly enhanced in NURR1-silenced cultures. These results suggest that NURR1 plays a key role in switching DPSC differentiation toward osteoblasts rather than neuronal or even other cell lines. In conclusion, DPSCs represent a source of osteoblast-like cells and downregulation of NURR1 strongly prompted their differentiation toward the osteoblastogenesis process.
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Vitamin D Effects on Osteoblastic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Dental Tissues. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:9150819. [PMID: 27956902 PMCID: PMC5124467 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9150819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3), the active metabolite of vitamin D (Vit D), increases intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphate, maintaining a correct balance of bone remodeling. Vit D has an anabolic effect on the skeletal system and is key in promoting osteoblastic differentiation of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hMSCs) from bone marrow. MSCs can be also isolated from the immature form of the tooth, the dental bud: Dental Bud Stem Cells (DBSCs) are adult stem cells that can effectively undergo osteoblastic differentiation. In this work we investigated the effect of Vit D on DBSCs differentiation into osteoblasts. Our data demonstrate that DBSCs, cultured in an opportune osteogenic medium, differentiate into osteoblast-like cells; Vit D treatment stimulates their osteoblastic features, increasing the expression of typical markers of osteoblastogenesis like RUNX2 and Collagen I (Coll I) and, in a more important way, determining a higher production of mineralized matrix nodules.
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Di Benedetto A, Brunetti G, Posa F, Ballini A, Grassi FR, Colaianni G, Colucci S, Rossi E, Cavalcanti-Adam EA, Lo Muzio L, Grano M, Mori G. Osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells from dental bud: Role of integrins and cadherins. Stem Cell Res 2015; 15:618-628. [PMID: 26513557 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2015.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 07/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have reported the beneficial effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in tissue repair and regeneration. New sources of stem cells in adult organisms are continuously emerging; dental tissues have been identified as a source of postnatal MSCs. Dental bud is the immature precursor of the tooth, is easy to access and we show in this study that it can yield a high number of cells with ≥95% expression of mesenchymal stemness makers and osteogenic capacity. Thus, these cells can be defined as Dental Bud Stem Cells (DBSCs) representing a promising source for bone regeneration of stomatognathic as well as other systems. Cell interactions with the extracellular matrix (ECM) and neighboring cells are critical for tissue morphogenesis and architecture; such interactions are mediated by integrins and cadherins respectively. We characterized DBSCs for the expression of these adhesion receptors and examined their pattern during osteogenic differentiation. Our data indicate that N-cadherin and cadherin-11 were expressed in undifferentiated DBSCs and their expression underwent changes during the osteogenic process (decreasing and increasing respectively), while expression of E-cadherin and P-cadherin was very low in DBSCs and did not change during the differentiation steps. Such expression pattern reflected the mesenchymal origin of DBSCs and confirmed their osteoblast-like features. On the other hand, osteogenic stimulation induced the upregulation of single subunits, αV, β3, α5, and the formation of integrin receptors α5β1 and αVβ3. DBSCs differentiation toward osteoblastic lineage was enhanced when cells were grown on fibronectin (FN), vitronectin (VTN), and osteopontin (OPN), ECM glycoproteins which contain an integrin-binding sequence, the RGD motif. In addition we established that integrin αVβ3 plays a crucial role during the commitment of MSCs to osteoblast lineage, whereas integrin α5β1 seems to be dispensable. These data suggest that functionalization of biomaterials with such ECM proteins would improve bone reconstruction therapies starting from dental stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Di Benedetto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Medical School, University of Foggia, Italy.
| | - Giacomina Brunetti
- Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, Department of Basic and Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Italy
| | - Francesca Posa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Medical School, University of Foggia, Italy
| | - Andrea Ballini
- Department of Basic and Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Italy
| | - Felice Roberto Grassi
- Department of Basic and Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Italy
| | - Graziana Colaianni
- Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, Department of Basic and Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Italy
| | - Silvia Colucci
- Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, Department of Basic and Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Italy
| | - Enzo Rossi
- Private Practice, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Poggio a Caiano, Florence, Italy
| | - Elisabetta A Cavalcanti-Adam
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Department of Biophysical Chemistry
- University of Heidelberg AND Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Lorenzo Lo Muzio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Medical School, University of Foggia, Italy
| | - Maria Grano
- Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, Department of Basic and Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Italy
| | - Giorgio Mori
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Medical School, University of Foggia, Italy
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