1
|
Zhang H, Lan J, Wang H, Lu R, Zhang N, He X, Yang J, Chen L. AlphaFold2 in biomedical research: facilitating the development of diagnostic strategies for disease. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1414916. [PMID: 39139810 PMCID: PMC11319189 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1414916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Proteins, as the primary executors of physiological activity, serve as a key factor in disease diagnosis and treatment. Research into their structures, functions, and interactions is essential to better understand disease mechanisms and potential therapies. DeepMind's AlphaFold2, a deep-learning protein structure prediction model, has proven to be remarkably accurate, and it is widely employed in various aspects of diagnostic research, such as the study of disease biomarkers, microorganism pathogenicity, antigen-antibody structures, and missense mutations. Thus, AlphaFold2 serves as an exceptional tool to bridge fundamental protein research with breakthroughs in disease diagnosis, developments in diagnostic strategies, and the design of novel therapeutic approaches and enhancements in precision medicine. This review outlines the architecture, highlights, and limitations of AlphaFold2, placing particular emphasis on its applications within diagnostic research grounded in disciplines such as immunology, biochemistry, molecular biology, and microbiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiajing Lan
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huijie Wang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruijie Lu
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nanqi Zhang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobai He
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomarkers and In Vitro Diagnosis Translation of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Yang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linjie Chen
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Centre for Key Technology of Diagnostic Testing, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Qriouet Z, Cherrah Y, Sefrioui H, Qmichou Z. Monoclonal Antibodies Application in Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic Assays for Drugs of Abuse Detection. Molecules 2021; 26:1058. [PMID: 33670468 PMCID: PMC7922373 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26041058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lateral flow assays (lateral flow immunoassays and nucleic acid lateral flow assays) have experienced a great boom in a wide variety of early diagnostic and screening applications. As opposed to conventional examinations (High Performance Liquid Chromatography, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Gas chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, etc.), they obtain the results of a sample's analysis within a short period. In resource-limited areas, these tests must be simple, reliable, and inexpensive. In this review, we outline the production process of antibodies against drugs of abuse (such as heroin, amphetamine, benzodiazepines, cannabis, etc.), used in lateral flow immunoassays as revelation or detection molecules, with a focus on the components, the principles, the formats, and the mechanisms of reaction of these assays. Further, we report the monoclonal antibody advantages over the polyclonal ones used against drugs of abuse. The perspective on aptamer use for lateral flow assay development was also discussed as a possible alternative to antibodies in view of improving the limit of detection, sensitivity, and specificity of lateral flow assays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zidane Qriouet
- Medical Biotechnology Center, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation & Research (MAScIR), Rabat 10100, Morocco; (Z.Q.); (H.S.)
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie et Toxicologie, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed V-Souissi, Rabat 10100, Morocco;
| | - Yahia Cherrah
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie et Toxicologie, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed V-Souissi, Rabat 10100, Morocco;
| | - Hassan Sefrioui
- Medical Biotechnology Center, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation & Research (MAScIR), Rabat 10100, Morocco; (Z.Q.); (H.S.)
| | - Zineb Qmichou
- Medical Biotechnology Center, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation & Research (MAScIR), Rabat 10100, Morocco; (Z.Q.); (H.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kumada Y, Miyamura Y, Tanibata R, Takahashi K, Ogasawara S, Gondaira F, Horiuchi JI. Design and site-directed immobilization of single-chain Fv antibody to polystyrene latex beads via material-binding peptides and application to latex turbidimetric assay. J Biosci Bioeng 2020; 131:84-89. [PMID: 33023860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2020.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, immobilization of single-chain Fv (scFv) antibodies on the surfaces of polystyrene (PS) latex beads via material-binding peptides was investigated for sensitive immuno-turbidimetric assay of C-reactive protein (CRP). Anti-CRP scFvs fused with polystyrene-binding peptide (PS-tag) and poly(methylmethacrylate)-binding peptide (PMMA-tag) were over-expressed in Escherichia coli cells and recovered in the active form following refolding. The beads with PMMA-tag-fused scFv (scFv-PM) were successfully suspended with sufficient dispersion at pH 8.0. Three types of alternative scFv-PMs with a penta-asparatic acid tag (D5-tag) introduced at different positions were then designed. All of the D5-tagged scFv-PMs were successfully immobilized on the surfaces of beads with no significant change in the diameter of the latex beads at pH levels ranging from 6.0 to 8.0. According to the results of turbidimetric assay for the detection of CRP, 13 ng/ml of CRP was detectable using beads with D5-tagged scFv-PMs at 400 ng/cm3, and no turbidity change was observed in the absence of antigen. When the density of scFv-PM was 250 ng/cm2, which was 63% of the maximum density, the beads were dispersed well and reactive with the antigen at a concentration range comparable to those with D5-tagged scFv-PMs. These results indicate that controlling charge density on the surface of beads after site-directed immobilization is definitely important in order to maintain high levels of dispersion and reactivity. Thus, the usefulness of the scFv-PM as well as D5-tagged scFv-PMs developed in the present study should be significant when used as ligand antibodies in the preparation of immuno-latex beads.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Kumada
- Department of Functional Chemistry and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, 1 Matsugasaki-Hashikami-Cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-0951, Japan.
| | - Yohei Miyamura
- Department of Functional Chemistry and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, 1 Matsugasaki-Hashikami-Cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-0951, Japan
| | - Reina Tanibata
- Department of Functional Chemistry and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, 1 Matsugasaki-Hashikami-Cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-0951, Japan
| | - Koichi Takahashi
- Denka Co., Ltd., 2-1-1 Nihonbashi-Muromachi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-8338, Japan
| | - Shinya Ogasawara
- Denka Co., Ltd., 2-1-1 Nihonbashi-Muromachi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-8338, Japan
| | - Fumio Gondaira
- Denka Co., Ltd., 2-1-1 Nihonbashi-Muromachi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-8338, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Horiuchi
- Department of Functional Chemistry and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, 1 Matsugasaki-Hashikami-Cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-0951, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yu X, Jiang W, Shi Y, Ye H, Lin J. Applications of sequencing technology in clinical microbial infection. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:7143-7150. [PMID: 31475453 PMCID: PMC6815769 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases are a type of disease caused by pathogenic microorganisms. Although the discovery of antibiotics changed the treatment of infectious diseases and reduced the mortality of bacterial infections, resistant bacterial strains have emerged. Anti‐infective therapy based on aetiological evidence is the gold standard for clinical treatment, but the time lag and low positive culture rate of traditional methods of pathogen diagnosis leads to relative difficulty in obtaining the evidence of pathogens. Compared with traditional methods of pathogenic diagnosis, next‐generation and third‐generation sequencing technologies have many advantages in the detection of pathogenic microorganisms. In this review, we mainly introduce recent progress in research on pathogenic diagnostic technology and the applications of sequencing technology in the diagnosis of pathogenic microorganisms. This review provides new insights into the application of sequencing technology in the clinical diagnosis of microorganisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wenqian Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yang Shi
- Institute of Apply Genomics, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hanhui Ye
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jun Lin
- Institute of Apply Genomics, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Enzyme Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ricks KM, Adams NM, Scherr TF, Haselton FR, Wright DW. Direct transfer of HRPII-magnetic bead complexes to malaria rapid diagnostic tests significantly improves test sensitivity. Malar J 2016; 15:399. [PMID: 27495329 PMCID: PMC4975893 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-016-1448-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The characteristic ease of use, rapid time to result, and low cost of malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) promote their widespread use at the point-of-care for malaria detection and surveillance. However, in many settings, the success of malaria elimination campaigns depends on point-of-care diagnostics with greater sensitivity than currently available RDTs. To address this need, a sample preparation method was developed to deliver more biomarkers onto a malaria RDT by concentrating the biomarker from blood sample volumes that are too large to be directly applied to a lateral flow strip. Methods In this design, Ni–NTA-functionalized magnetic beads captured the Plasmodium falciparum biomarker HRPII from a P. falciparum D6 culture spiked blood sample. This transfer of magnetic beads to the RDT was facilitated by an inexpensive 3D-printed apparatus that aligned the sample tube with the sample deposition pad and a magnet beneath the RDT. Biomarkers were released from the bead surface onto the lateral flow strip using imidazole-spiked running buffer. Kinetics of HRPII binding to the Ni–NTA beads as a function of blood sample volume were explored prior to determining the effect of the proposed method on the limit of detection of Paracheck RDTs. Results More than 80 % of HRPII biomarkers were extracted from blood sample volumes ranging from 25 to 250 µL. The time required to reach 80 % binding ranged from 5 to 60 min, depending on sample volume. Using 250 μL of blood and a 30-min biomarker binding time, the limit of detection of the Paracheck Pf RDT brand was improved by 21-fold, resulting in a limit of detection below 1 parasite/μL. Conclusions This approach has the sensitivity and simplicity required to assist in malaria elimination campaigns in settings with limited access to clinical and laboratory resources. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12936-016-1448-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keersten M Ricks
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
| | - Nicholas M Adams
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
| | - Thomas F Scherr
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
| | - Frederick R Haselton
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
| | - David W Wright
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA.
| |
Collapse
|