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Whitworth KM, Rowland RRR, Petrovan V, Sheahan M, Cino-Ozuna AG, Fang Y, Hesse R, Mileham A, Samuel MS, Wells KD, Prather RS. Resistance to coronavirus infection in amino peptidase N-deficient pigs. Transgenic Res 2018; 28:21-32. [PMID: 30315482 PMCID: PMC6353812 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-018-0100-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The alphacoronaviruses, transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) and Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) are sources of high morbidity and mortality in neonatal pigs, a consequence of dehydration caused by the infection and necrosis of enterocytes. The biological relevance of amino peptidase N (ANPEP) as a putative receptor for TGEV and PEDV in pigs was evaluated by using CRISPR/Cas9 to edit exon 2 of ANPEP resulting in a premature stop codon. Knockout pigs possessing the null ANPEP phenotype and age matched wild type pigs were challenged with either PEDV or TGEV. Fecal swabs were collected daily from each animal beginning 1 day prior to challenge with PEDV until the termination of the study. The presence of virus nucleic acid was determined by PCR. ANPEP null pigs did not support infection with TGEV, but retained susceptibility to infection with PEDV. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the presence of PEDV reactivity and absence of TGEV reactivity in the enterocytes lining the ileum in ANPEP null pigs. The different receptor requirements for TGEV and PEDV have important implications in the development of new genetic tools for the control of enteric disease in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin M Whitworth
- Division of Animal Science, University of Missouri, Randall Prather, 920 East Campus Drive, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Raymond R R Rowland
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Vlad Petrovan
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Maureen Sheahan
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Ada G Cino-Ozuna
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Ying Fang
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Richard Hesse
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | | | - Melissa S Samuel
- Division of Animal Science, University of Missouri, Randall Prather, 920 East Campus Drive, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Kevin D Wells
- Division of Animal Science, University of Missouri, Randall Prather, 920 East Campus Drive, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Randall S Prather
- Division of Animal Science, University of Missouri, Randall Prather, 920 East Campus Drive, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
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