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Chen M, Cheng T, Xu C, Pan M, Wu J, Wang T, Wu D, Yan G, Wang C, Shao J. Sodium houttuyfonate enhances the mono-therapy of fluconazole on oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) through HIF-1α/IL-17 axis by inhibiting cAMP mediated filamentation in Candida albicans-Candida glabrata dual biofilms. Virulence 2022; 13:428-443. [PMID: 35195502 PMCID: PMC8890385 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2022.2035066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans and Candida glabrata are two common opportunistic fungi that can be co-isolated in oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC). Hypha is a hallmark of the biofilm formation of C. albicans, indispensable for the attachment of C. glabrata, which is seldom in mycelial morphology. Increasing evidence reveals a hypoxic microenvironment in interior fungal biofilms, reminding of a fact that inflammation is usually accompanied by oxygen deprivation. As a result, it is assumed that the disaggregation of hypha-mediated hypoxia of biofilms might be a solution to alleviate OPC. Based on this hypothesis, sodium houttuyfonate (SH), a well-identified traditional herbal compound with antifungal activity, is used in combination with fluconazole (FLU), a well-informed synthesized antimycotics, to investigate their impact on filamentation in C. albicans and C. glabrata dual biofilms and the underlying mechanism of their combined treatment on OPC. The results show that compared with the single therapy, SH plus FLU can inhibit the hyphal growth in the mixed biofilms in vitro, decrease the fungal burden of oral tissues and internal organs, restore mucosal epithelial integrity and function, and reduce hypoxic microenvironment and inflammation in a mice OPC model. The possible mechanism of the combined therapy of SH plus FLU can be attributed to the regulation of HIF-1α/IL-17A axis through direct abrogation of the dual Candida biofilm formation. This study highlights the role of HIF-1α/IL-17A axis and the promising application of SH as a sensitizer of conventional antifungals in the treatment of OPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengli Chen
- Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (College of Life Science), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui P. R, China
| | - Ting Cheng
- Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (College of Life Science), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui P. R, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (College of Life Science), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui P. R, China
| | - Min Pan
- Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (College of Life Science), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui P. R, China
| | - Jiadi Wu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R, China
| | - Tianming Wang
- Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (College of Life Science), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui P. R, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P. R, China
| | - Daqiang Wu
- Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (College of Life Science), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui P. R, China.,Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui P. R, China.,Cas Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Membrane-less Organelles & Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P.r, China
| | - Guiming Yan
- Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (College of Life Science), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui P. R, China.,Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui P. R, China
| | - Changzhong Wang
- Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (College of Life Science), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui P. R, China.,Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui P. R, China
| | - Jing Shao
- Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (College of Life Science), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui P. R, China.,Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui P. R, China
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Ding X, Krutzik PO, Ghaffari AA, Zhaozhi Y, Miranda D, Cheng G, Ho CM, Nolan GP, Sanchez DJ. Cellular Signaling Analysis shows antiviral, ribavirin-mediated ribosomal signaling modulation. Antiviral Res 2019; 171:104598. [PMID: 31513822 PMCID: PMC7114107 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2019.104598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
As antiviral drug resistance develops and new viruses emerge there is a pressing need to develop strategies to rapidly develop antiviral therapeutics. Here we use phospho-specific flow cytometry to assess perturbations of many different cellular signaling pathways during treatment with drug combinations that are highly effective in blocking Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection. We discovered two antiviral drug combinations act on distinct signaling pathways, either STAT1 or S6 phosphorylation, to block HSV-1 infection. We focused on upregulation of S6 phosphorylation by HSV-1 infection, and our subsequent finding that ribavirin antagonizes this upregulation of S6 phosphorylation. We go on to show that the S6 kinase inhibitor SL0101 blocks HSV-1 replication in vitro and in an in vivo animal model of HSV-1 infection. Overall, we have used an unbiased analysis of cellular signaling pathways during treatment by antiviral drug combinations to discover a novel antiviral drug target against HSV-1 infection. The outcomes of the approach we present highlight the importance of analyzing how antiviral drugs modulate cellular and pathogen-induced signaling as a method to discover new drug therapy targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianting Ding
- Institute for Personalized Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Peter O Krutzik
- Microbiology & Immunology - Baxter Laboratory, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Amir Ali Ghaffari
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yixiu Zhaozhi
- Institute for Personalized Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Daniel Miranda
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA
| | - Genhong Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chih-Ming Ho
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Garry P Nolan
- Microbiology & Immunology - Baxter Laboratory, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - David Jesse Sanchez
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA.
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