1
|
Kanade PP, Oyunbaatar NE, Kim J, Lee BK, Kim ES, Lee DW. Cardiotoxicity Assessment through a Polymer-Based Cantilever Platform: An Integrated Electro-Mechanical Screening Approach. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2311274. [PMID: 38511575 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Preclinical drug screening for cardiac toxicity has traditionally relied on observing changes in cardiomyocytes' electrical activity, primarily through invasive patch clamp techniques or non-invasive microelectrode arrays (MEA). However, relying solely on field potential duration (FPD) measurements for electrophysiological assessment can miss the full spectrum of drug-induced toxicity, as different drugs affect cardiomyocytes through various mechanisms. A more comprehensive approach, combining field potential and contractility measurements, is essential for accurate toxicity profiling, particularly for drugs targeting contractile proteins without affecting electrophysiology. However, previously proposed platform has significant limitations in terms of simultaneous measurement. The novel platform addresses these issues, offering enhanced, non-invasive evaluation of drug-induced cardiotoxicity. It features eight cantilevers with patterned strain sensors and MEA, enabling real-time monitoring of both cardiomyocyte contraction force and field potential. This system can detect minimum cardiac contraction force of ≈2 µN and field potential signals with 50 µm MEA diameter, using the same cardiomyocytes in measurements of two parameters. Testing with six drugs of varied mechanisms of action, the platform successfully identifies these mechanisms and accurately assesses toxicity profiles, including drugs not inhibiting potassium channels. This innovative approach presents a comprehensive, non-invasive method for cardiac function assessment, poised to revolutionize preclinical cardiotoxicity screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pooja P Kanade
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
- Advanced Medical Device Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Nomin-Erdene Oyunbaatar
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
- Advanced Medical Device Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongyun Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
- Advanced Medical Device Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Kee Lee
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Eung-Sam Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Weon Lee
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
- Advanced Medical Device Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
- Center for Next-Generation Sensor Research and Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jangir H, Hickman JJ. Mimicking the Tendon Microenvironment to Enhance Skeletal Muscle Adhesion and Longevity in a Functional Microcantilever Platform. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:4698-4708. [PMID: 37462389 PMCID: PMC10430766 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Microcantilever platforms are functional models for studying skeletal muscle force dynamics in vitro. However, the contractile force generated by the myotubes can cause them to detach from the cantilevers, especially during long-term experiments, thus impeding the chronic investigations of skeletal muscles for drug efficacy and toxicity. To improve the integration of myotubes with microcantilevers, we drew inspiration from the elastomeric proteins, elastin and resilin, that are present in the animal and insect worlds, respectively. The spring action of these proteins plays a critical role in force dampening in vivo. In animals, elastin is present in the collagenous matrix of the tendon which is the attachment point of muscles to bones. The tendon microenvironment consists of elastin, collagen, and an aqueous jelly-like mass of proteoglycans. In an attempt to mimic this tendon microenvironment, elastin, collagen, heparan sulfate proteoglycan, and hyaluronic acid were deposited on a positively charged silane substrate. This enabled the long-term survival of mechanically active myotubes on glass and silicon microcantilevers for over 28 days. The skeletal muscle cultures were derived from both primary and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived human skeletal muscles. Both types of myoblasts formed myotubes which survived for five weeks. Primary skeletal muscles and iPSC-derived skeletal muscles also showed a similar trend in fatigue index values. Upon integration with the microcantilever system, the primary muscle and iPSC-derived myotubes were tested successively over a one month period, thus paving the way for long-term chronic experiments on these systems for both drug efficacy and toxicity studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Himanshi Jangir
- Nanoscience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Pkwy, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - James J. Hickman
- Nanoscience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Pkwy, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sasserath T, Rumsey JW, McAleer CW, Bridges LR, Long CJ, Elbrecht D, Schuler F, Roth A, Bertinetti‐LaPatki C, Shuler ML, Hickman JJ. Differential Monocyte Actuation in a Three-Organ Functional Innate Immune System-on-a-Chip. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2000323. [PMID: 32670763 PMCID: PMC7341107 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202000323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A functional, human, multiorgan, pumpless, immune system-on-a-chip featuring recirculating THP-1 immune cells with cardiomyocytes, skeletal muscle, and liver in separate compartments in a serum-free medium is developed. This in vitro platform can emulate both a targeted immune response to tissue-specific damage, and holistic proinflammatory immune response to proinflammatory compound exposure. The targeted response features fluorescently labeled THP-1 monocytes selectively infiltrating into an amiodarone-damaged cardiac module and changes in contractile force measurements without immune-activated damage to the other organ modules. In contrast to the targeted immune response, general proinflammatory treatment of immune human-on-a-chip systems with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) causes nonselective damage to cells in all three-organ compartments. Biomarker analysis indicates upregulation of the proinflammation cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, MIP-1, MCP-1, and RANTES in response to LPS + IFN-γ treatment indicative of the M1 macrophage phenotype, whereas amiodarone treatment only leads to an increase in the restorative cytokine IL-6 which is a marker for the M2 phenotype. This system can be used as an alternative to humanized animal models to determine direct immunological effects of biological therapeutics including monoclonal antibodies, vaccines, and gene therapies, and the indirect effects caused by cytokine release from target tissues in response to a drug's pharmacokinetics (PK)/pharmacodynamics (PD) profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trevor Sasserath
- Hesperos, Inc.12501 Research Parkway, Suite 100OrlandoFL32826USA
| | - John W. Rumsey
- Hesperos, Inc.12501 Research Parkway, Suite 100OrlandoFL32826USA
| | | | | | | | - Daniel Elbrecht
- Hesperos, Inc.12501 Research Parkway, Suite 100OrlandoFL32826USA
| | - Franz Schuler
- Hoffmann‐La RochePharmaceuticals DivisionBldg 73, Rm 117bBasel4070Switzerland
| | - Adrian Roth
- Hoffmann‐La RochePharmaceuticals DivisionBldg 73, Rm 117bBasel4070Switzerland
| | | | | | - James J. Hickman
- Hesperos, Inc.12501 Research Parkway, Suite 100OrlandoFL32826USA
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida12424 Research Parkway, Suite 400OrlandoFL32826USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
McAleer CW, Long CJ, Elbrecht D, Sasserath T, Bridges LR, Rumsey JW, Martin C, Schnepper M, Wang Y, Schuler F, Roth AB, Funk C, Shuler ML, Hickman JJ. Multi-organ system for the evaluation of efficacy and off-target toxicity of anticancer therapeutics. Sci Transl Med 2019; 11:eaav1386. [PMID: 31217335 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aav1386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A pumpless, reconfigurable, multi-organ-on-a-chip system containing recirculating serum-free medium can be used to predict preclinical on-target efficacy, metabolic conversion, and measurement of off-target toxicity of drugs using functional biological microelectromechanical systems. In the first configuration of the system, primary human hepatocytes were cultured with two cancer-derived human bone marrow cell lines for antileukemia drug analysis in which diclofenac and imatinib demonstrated a cytostatic effect on bone marrow cancer proliferation. Liver viability was not affected by imatinib; however, diclofenac reduced liver viability by 30%. The second configuration housed a multidrug-resistant vulva cancer line, a non-multidrug-resistant breast cancer line, primary hepatocytes, and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Tamoxifen reduced viability of the breast cancer cells only after metabolite generation but did not affect the vulva cancer cells except when coadministered with verapamil, a permeability glycoprotein inhibitor. Both tamoxifen alone and coadministration with verapamil produced off-target cardiac effects as indicated by a reduction of contractile force, beat frequency, and conduction velocity but did not affect viability. These systems demonstrate the utility of a human cell-based in vitro culture system to evaluate both on-target efficacy and off-target toxicity for parent drugs and their metabolites; these systems can augment and reduce the use of animals and increase the efficiency of drug evaluations in preclinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniel Elbrecht
- Hesperos Inc., 3259 Progress Drive, Room 158, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Trevor Sasserath
- Hesperos Inc., 3259 Progress Drive, Room 158, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - L Richard Bridges
- Hesperos Inc., 3259 Progress Drive, Room 158, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - John W Rumsey
- Hesperos Inc., 3259 Progress Drive, Room 158, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Candace Martin
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway, Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Mark Schnepper
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway, Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Ying Wang
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway, Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Franz Schuler
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Grenzacherstrasse 124, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Adrian B Roth
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Grenzacherstrasse 124, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Funk
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Grenzacherstrasse 124, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael L Shuler
- Hesperos Inc., 3259 Progress Drive, Room 158, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - James J Hickman
- Hesperos Inc., 3259 Progress Drive, Room 158, Orlando, FL 32826, USA.
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway, Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Oleaga C, Lavado A, Riu A, Rothemund S, Carmona-Moran CA, Persaud K, Yurko A, Lear J, Narasimhan NS, Long CJ, Sommerhage F, Bridges LR, Cai Y, Martin C, Schnepper MT, Goswami A, Note R, Langer J, Teissier S, Cotovio J, Hickman JJ. Long-Term Electrical and Mechanical Function Monitoring of a Human-on-a-Chip System. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2019; 29:1805792. [PMID: 35586798 PMCID: PMC9113405 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201805792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The goal of human-on-a-chip systems is to capture multi-organ complexity and predict the human response to compounds within physiologically relevant platforms. The generation and characterization of such systems is currently a focal point of research given the long-standing inadequacies of conventional techniques for predicting human outcome. Functional systems can measure and quantify key cellular mechanisms that correlate with the physiological status of a tissue, and can be used to evaluate therapeutic challenges utilizing many of the same endpoints used in animal experiments or clinical trials. Culturing multiple organ compartments in a platform creates a more physiologic environment (organ-organ communication). Here is reported a human 4-organ system composed of heart, liver, skeletal muscle and nervous system modules that maintains cellular viability and function over 28 days in serum-free conditions using a pumpless system. The integration of non-invasive electrical evaluation of neurons and cardiac cells and mechanical determination of cardiac and skeletal muscle contraction allows the monitoring of cellular function especially for chronic toxicity studies in vitro. The 28 day period is the minimum timeframe for animal studies to evaluate repeat dose toxicity. This technology could be a relevant alternative to animal testing by monitoring multi-organ function upon long term chemical exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlota Oleaga
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826
| | - Andrea Lavado
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826
| | - Anne Riu
- L’Oreal Research, and Innovation Division, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Sandra Rothemund
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826
| | - Carlos A. Carmona-Moran
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826
| | - Keisha Persaud
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826
| | - Andrew Yurko
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826
| | - Jennifer Lear
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826
| | | | - Christopher J. Long
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826
- Hesperos, Inc., 3259 Progress Dr, Room 158, Orlando, FL 32826
| | - Frank Sommerhage
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826
| | | | - Yunqing Cai
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826
| | - Candace Martin
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826
| | - Mark T. Schnepper
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826
| | - Arindom Goswami
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826
| | - Reine Note
- L’Oreal Research, and Innovation Division, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | | | - Silvia Teissier
- L’Oreal Research, and Innovation Division, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - José Cotovio
- L’Oreal Research, and Innovation Division, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - James J. Hickman
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826
- Hesperos, Inc., 3259 Progress Dr, Room 158, Orlando, FL 32826
- Corresponding Author. Tel.: +1 407 823 1925; fax: +1 407 882 2819. (J.J. Hickman)
| |
Collapse
|