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Wang Y, Yu J, Ou C, Zhao Y, Chen L, Cai W, Wang H, Huang S, Hu J, Sun G, Li L. miRNA-146a-5p Inhibits Hypoxia-Induced Myocardial Fibrosis Through EndMT. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2024; 24:133-145. [PMID: 38180639 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-023-09818-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Cardiac Vascular disease particularly myocardial infarction (MI) is a threat to health worldwide. microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to regulate myocardial fibrosis. Therefore, it is potential to investigate the mechanism of miRNA and fibrosis following myocardial infarction. Hypoxia human cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (HCMECs) were selected for the vitro experimental model. The miR-146a-5p expression was tested via RT-qPCR. The level of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) and fibrosis markers were detected by Western blotting and immunofluorescence. Then, the inflammation, cell viability and apoptosis were investigated. The target was predicted by an online database and verified by a dual-luciferase activity assay. An MI mouse model was created to validate that miR-146a-5p regulates cardiac fibrosis in vivo. MI mouse was transfected with miR-146a-5p lentivirus. Subsequently, its effect on cardiac fibrosis of infarcted hearts was assessed by In situ hybridization (ISH), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Triphenylterazolium chloride (TTC) staining and Masson staining. Herein, we confirmed that miR-146a-5p was down-regulated in hypoxia HCMECs. Overexpression of miR-146a-5p inhibited hypoxia-induced cardiac fibrosis following myocardial infarction by inhibiting EndMT in HCMECs. Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) was a target that was negatively regulated by miR-146a-5p. Up-regulation of miR-146a-5p inhibited cardiac fibrosis via regulating EndMT by targeting TXNIP, and it also regulated EndMT to inhibit cardiac fibrosis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang Rd, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China.
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Thoracocardiac Surgery, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, No. 212 Daguan Rd, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China.
| | - Chunxia Ou
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang Rd, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang Rd, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Lixing Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang Rd, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Wenke Cai
- Department of Thoracocardiac Surgery, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, No. 212 Daguan Rd, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Huawei Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang Rd, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Shiying Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang Rd, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Jie Hu
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang Rd, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Guihu Sun
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang Rd, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Longjun Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang Rd, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
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Iourov IY, Vorsanova SG, Yurov YB. A Paradoxical Role for Somatic Chromosomal Mosaicism and Chromosome Instability in Cancer: Theoretical and Technological Aspects. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2825:67-78. [PMID: 38913303 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3946-7_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Somatic chromosomal mosaicism, chromosome instability, and cancer are intimately linked together. Addressing the role of somatic genome variations (encompassing chromosomal mosaicism and instability) in cancer yields paradoxical results. Firstly, somatic mosaicism for specific chromosomal rearrangement causes cancer per se. Secondly, chromosomal mosaicism and instability are associated with a variety of diseases (chromosomal disorders demonstrating less severe phenotypes, complex diseases), which exhibit cancer predisposition. Chromosome instability syndromes may be considered the best examples of these diseases. Thirdly, chromosomal mosaicism and instability are able to result not only in cancerous diseases but also in non-cancerous disorders (brain diseases, autoimmune diseases, etc.). Currently, the molecular basis for these three outcomes of somatic chromosomal mosaicism and chromosome instability remains incompletely understood. Here, we address possible mechanisms for the aforementioned scenarios using a system analysis model. A number of theoretical models based on studies dedicated to chromosomal mosaicism and chromosome instability seem to be valuable for disentangling and understanding molecular pathways to cancer-causing genome chaos. In addition, technological aspects of uncovering causes and consequences of somatic chromosomal mosaicism and chromosome instability are discussed. In total, molecular cytogenetics, cytogenomics, and system analysis are likely to form a powerful technological alliance for successful research against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Y Iourov
- Yurov's Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenomics of the Brain, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia
- Vorsanova's Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana G Vorsanova
- Yurov's Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenomics of the Brain, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia
- Vorsanova's Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuri B Yurov
- Yurov's Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenomics of the Brain, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia
- Vorsanova's Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russia
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Vorsanova SG, Yurov YB, Iourov IY. Quantitative FISHing: Implications for Chromosomal Analysis. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2825:239-246. [PMID: 38913313 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3946-7_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Quantifying signals substantially increases the efficiency of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Quantitative FISH analysis or QFISHing may be useful for differentiation between chromosome loss and chromosomal associations, detection of amplification of chromosomal loci, and/or quantification of chromosomal heteromorphisms (chromosomal DNAs). The latter is applicable to uncovering the parental origin of chromosomes, which is an important FISH application in genome research. In summary, one may acknowledge that QFISHing has a variety of applications in cancer chromosome research. Accordingly, a protocol for this technique is certainly required. Here, QFISHing protocol is described step-by-step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana G Vorsanova
- Vorsanova's Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russia
- Yurov's Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenomics of the Brain, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuri B Yurov
- Vorsanova's Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russia
- Yurov's Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenomics of the Brain, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan Y Iourov
- Vorsanova's Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russia
- Yurov's Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenomics of the Brain, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia
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Yurov YB, Vorsanova SG, Iourov IY. FISHing for Chromosome Instability and Aneuploidy in the Alzheimer's Disease Brain. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2561:191-204. [PMID: 36399271 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2655-9_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is the method of choice for visualizing chromosomal DNA in post-mitotic cells. The availability of chromosome-enumeration (centromeric), site-specific, and multicolor-banding DNA probes offers opportunities to uncover genomic changes, at the chromosomal level, in single interphase nuclei. Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been associated repeatedly with (sub)chromosome instability and aneuploidy, likely affecting the brain. Although the types and rates of chromosome instability in the AD brain remain a matter of debate, molecular cytogenetic analysis of brain cells appears to be important for uncovering mechanisms of neurodegeneration. Here, we describe a FISH protocol for studying chromosome instability and aneuploidy in the AD brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri B Yurov
- Yurov's Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenomics of the Brain, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia.,Vorsanova's Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana G Vorsanova
- Yurov's Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenomics of the Brain, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia.,Vorsanova's Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan Y Iourov
- Yurov's Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenomics of the Brain, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia. .,Vorsanova's Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
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Vorsanova SG, Demidova IA, Kolotii AD, Kurinnaia OS, Kravets VS, Soloviev IV, Yurov YB, Iourov IY. Klinefelter syndrome mosaicism in boys with neurodevelopmental disorders: a cohort study and an extension of the hypothesis. Mol Cytogenet 2022; 15:8. [PMID: 35248137 PMCID: PMC8897849 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-022-00588-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Klinefelter syndrome is a common chromosomal (aneuploidy) disorder associated with an extra X chromosome in males. Regardless of numerous studies dedicated to somatic gonosomal mosaicism, Klinefelter syndrome mosaicism (KSM) has not been systematically addressed in clinical cohorts. Here, we report on the evaluation of KSM in a large cohort of boys with neurodevelopmental disorders. Furthermore, these data have been used for an extension of the hypothesis, which we have recently proposed in a report on Turner’s syndrome mosaicism in girls with neurodevelopmental disorders.
Results
Klinefelter syndrome-associated karyotypes were revealed in 49 (1.1%) of 4535 boys. Twenty one boys (0.5%) were non-mosaic 47,XXY individuals. KSM was found in 28 cases (0.6%) and manifested as mosaic aneuploidy (50,XXXXXY; 49,XXXXY; 48,XXXY; 48,XXYY; 47,XXY; and 45,X were detected in addition to 47,XXY/46,XY) and mosaic supernumerary marker chromosomes derived from chromosome X (ring chromosomes X and rearranged chromosomes X). It is noteworthy that KSM was concomitant with Rett-syndrome-like phenotypes caused by MECP2 mutations in 5 boys (0.1%).
Conclusion
Our study provides data on the occurrence of KSM in neurodevelopmental disorders among males. Accordingly, it is proposed that KSM may be a possible element of pathogenic cascades in psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases. These observations allowed us to extend the hypothesis proposed in our previous report on the contribution of somatic gonosomal mosaicism (Turner’s syndrome mosaicism) to the etiology of neurodevelopmental disorders. Thus, it seems to be important to monitor KSM (a possible risk factor or a biomarker for adult-onset multifactorial brain diseases) and analysis of neuromarkers for aging in individuals with Klinefelter syndrome. Cases of two or more supernumerary chromosomes X were all associated with KSM. Finally, Rett syndrome-like phenotypes associated with KSM appear to be more common in males with neurodevelopmental disorders than previously recognized.
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Zhang M, Seitz C, Chang G, Iqbal F, Lin H, Liu J. A guide for single-particle chromatin tracking in live cell nuclei. Cell Biol Int 2022; 46:683-700. [PMID: 35032142 PMCID: PMC9035067 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of labeling strategies and live cell imaging methods enables the imaging of chromatin in living cells at single digit nanometer resolution as well as milliseconds temporal resolution. These technical breakthroughs revolutionize our understanding of chromatin structure, dynamics and functions. Single molecule tracking algorithms are usually preferred to quantify the movement of these intranucleus elements to interpret the spatiotemporal evolution of the chromatin. In this review, we will first summarize the fluorescent labeling strategy of chromatin in live cells which will be followed by a sys-tematic comparison of live cell imaging instrumentation. With the proper microscope, we will discuss the image analysis pipelines to extract the biophysical properties of the chromatin. Finally, we expect to give practical suggestions to broad biologists on how to select methods and link to the model properly according to different investigation pur-poses. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Zhang
- Department of Physics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Clayton Seitz
- Department of Physics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Garrick Chang
- Department of Physics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Fadil Iqbal
- Department of Physics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Hua Lin
- Department of Physics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Physics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Vorsanova SG, Kolotii AD, Kurinnaia OS, Kravets VS, Demidova IA, Soloviev IV, Yurov YB, Iourov IY. Turner's syndrome mosaicism in girls with neurodevelopmental disorders: a cohort study and hypothesis. Mol Cytogenet 2021; 14:9. [PMID: 33573679 PMCID: PMC7879607 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-021-00529-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Turner's syndrome is associated with either monosomy or a wide spectrum of structural rearrangements of chromosome X. Despite the interest in studying (somatic) chromosomal mosaicism, Turner's syndrome mosaicism (TSM) remains to be fully described. This is especially true for the analysis of TSM in clinical cohorts (e.g. cohorts of individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders). Here, we present the results of studying TSM in a large cohort of girls with neurodevelopmental disorders and a hypothesis highlighting the diagnostic and prognostic value. RESULTS Turner's syndrome-associated karyotypes were revealed in 111 (2.8%) of 4021 girls. Regular Turner's syndrome-associated karyotypes were detected in 35 girls (0.9%). TSM was uncovered in 76 girls (1.9%). TSM manifested as mosaic aneuploidy (45,X/46,XX; 45,X/47,XXX/46,XX; 45,X/47,XXX) affected 47 girls (1.2%). Supernumerary marker chromosomes derived from chromosome X have been identified in 11 girls with TSM (0.3%). Isochromosomes iX(q) was found in 12 cases (0.3%); one case was non-mosaic. TSM associated with ring chromosomes was revealed in 5 girls (0.1%). CONCLUSION The present cohort study provides data on the involvement of TSM in neurodevelopmental disorders among females. Thus, TSM may be an element of pathogenic cascades in brain diseases (i.e. neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders). Our data allowed us to propose a hypothesis concerning ontogenetic variability of TSM levels. Accordingly, it appears that molecular cytogenetic monitoring of TSM, which is a likely risk factor/biomarker for adult-onset multifactorial diseases, is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana G Vorsanova
- Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, 125412.,Yurov's Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenomics of the Brain, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia, 115522
| | - Alexey D Kolotii
- Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, 125412.,Yurov's Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenomics of the Brain, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia, 115522
| | - Oksana S Kurinnaia
- Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, 125412.,Yurov's Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenomics of the Brain, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia, 115522
| | - Victor S Kravets
- Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, 125412.,Yurov's Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenomics of the Brain, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia, 115522
| | - Irina A Demidova
- Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, 125412.,Yurov's Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenomics of the Brain, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia, 115522
| | - Ilya V Soloviev
- Yurov's Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenomics of the Brain, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia, 115522
| | - Yuri B Yurov
- Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, 125412.,Yurov's Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenomics of the Brain, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia, 115522
| | - Ivan Y Iourov
- Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, 125412. .,Yurov's Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenomics of the Brain, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia, 115522. .,Department of Medical Biological Disciplines, Belgorod State University, Belgorod, Russia, 308015.
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Iourov IY, Vorsanova SG, Yurov YB, Kutsev SI. Ontogenetic and Pathogenetic Views on Somatic Chromosomal Mosaicism. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:E379. [PMID: 31109140 PMCID: PMC6562967 DOI: 10.3390/genes10050379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Intercellular karyotypic variability has been a focus of genetic research for more than 50 years. It has been repeatedly shown that chromosome heterogeneity manifesting as chromosomal mosaicism is associated with a variety of human diseases. Due to the ability of changing dynamically throughout the ontogeny, chromosomal mosaicism may mediate genome/chromosome instability and intercellular diversity in health and disease in a bottleneck fashion. However, the ubiquity of negligibly small populations of cells with abnormal karyotypes results in difficulties of the interpretation and detection, which may be nonetheless solved by post-genomic cytogenomic technologies. In the post-genomic era, it has become possible to uncover molecular and cellular pathways to genome/chromosome instability (chromosomal mosaicism or heterogeneity) using advanced whole-genome scanning technologies and bioinformatic tools. Furthermore, the opportunities to determine the effect of chromosomal abnormalities on the cellular phenotype seem to be useful for uncovering the intrinsic consequences of chromosomal mosaicism. Accordingly, a post-genomic review of chromosomal mosaicism in the ontogenetic and pathogenetic contexts appears to be required. Here, we review chromosomal mosaicism in its widest sense and discuss further directions of cyto(post)genomic research dedicated to chromosomal heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Y Iourov
- Yurov's Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenomics of the Brain, Mental Health Research Center, 117152 Moscow, Russia.
- Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 125412 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Svetlana G Vorsanova
- Yurov's Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenomics of the Brain, Mental Health Research Center, 117152 Moscow, Russia.
- Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 125412 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Yuri B Yurov
- Yurov's Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenomics of the Brain, Mental Health Research Center, 117152 Moscow, Russia.
- Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 125412 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Sergei I Kutsev
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia.
- Molecular & Cell Genetics Department, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia.
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Harutyunyan T, Hovhannisyan G, Sargsyan A, Grigoryan B, Al-Rikabi AH, Weise A, Liehr T, Aroutiounian R. Analysis of copy number variations induced by ultrashort electron beam radiation in human leukocytes in vitro. Mol Cytogenet 2019; 12:18. [PMID: 31131024 PMCID: PMC6524226 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-019-0433-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental risk factors have been shown to alter DNA copy number variations (CNVs). Recently, CNVs have been described to arise after low-dose ionizing radiation in vitro and in vivo. Development of cost- and size-effective laser-driven electron accelerators (LDEAs), capable to deliver high energy beams in pico- or femtosecond durations requires examination of their biological effects. Here we studied in vitro impact of LDEAs radiation on known CNV hotspots in human peripheral blood lymphocytes on single cell level. RESULTS Here CNVs in chromosomal regions 1p31.1, 7q11.22, 9q21.3, 10q21.1 and 16q23.1 earlier reported to be sensitive to ionizing radiation were analyzed using molecular cytogenetics. Irradiation of cells with 0.5, 1.5 and 3.0 Gy significantly increased signal intensities in all analyzed chromosomal regions compared to controls. The latter is suggested to be due to radiation-induced duplication or amplification of CNV stretches. As significantly lower gains in mean fluorescence intensities were observed only for chromosomal locus 1p31.1 (after irradiation with 3.0 Gy variant sensitivites of different loci to LDEA is suggested. Negative correlation was found between fluorescence intensities and chromosome size (r = - 0.783, p < 0.001) in cells exposed to 3.0 Gy irradiation and between fluorescence intensities and gene density (r = - 0.475, p < 0.05) in cells exposed to 0.5 Gy irradiation. CONCLUSIONS In this study we demonstrated that irradiation with laser-driven electron bunches can induce molecular-cytogenetically visible CNVs in human blood leukocytes in vitro. These CNVs occur most likely due to duplications or amplification and tend to inversely correlate with chromosome size and gene density. CNVs can last in cell population as stable chromosomal changes for several days after radiation exposure; therefore this endpoint can be used for characterization of genetic effects of accelerated electrons. These findings should be complemented with other studies and implementation of more sophisticated approaches for CNVs analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tigran Harutyunyan
- Department of Genetics and Cytology, Yerevan State University, 1 Alex Manoogian, 0025 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Galina Hovhannisyan
- Department of Genetics and Cytology, Yerevan State University, 1 Alex Manoogian, 0025 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Anzhela Sargsyan
- Department of Genetics and Cytology, Yerevan State University, 1 Alex Manoogian, 0025 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Bagrat Grigoryan
- CANDLE Synchrotron Research Institute, Acharyan 31, 0040 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Ahmed H. Al-Rikabi
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, D-07740 Jena, Germany
| | - Anja Weise
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, D-07740 Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Liehr
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, D-07740 Jena, Germany
| | - Rouben Aroutiounian
- Department of Genetics and Cytology, Yerevan State University, 1 Alex Manoogian, 0025 Yerevan, Armenia
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Yurov YB, Vorsanova SG, Demidova IA, Kolotii AD, Soloviev IV, Iourov IY. Mosaic Brain Aneuploidy in Mental Illnesses: An Association of Low-level Post-zygotic Aneuploidy with Schizophrenia and Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders. Curr Genomics 2018; 19:163-172. [PMID: 29606903 PMCID: PMC5850504 DOI: 10.2174/1389202918666170717154340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postzygotic chromosomal variation in neuronal cells is hypothesized to make a substantial contribution to the etiology and pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the role of somatic genome instability and mosaic genome variations in common mental illnesses is a matter of conjecture. MATERIALS AND METHODS To estimate the pathogenic burden of somatic chromosomal mutations, we determined the frequency of mosaic aneuploidy in autopsy brain tissues of subjects with schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders (intellectual disability comorbid with autism spectrum disorders). Recently, post-mortem brain tissues of subjects with schizophrenia, intellectual disability and unaffected controls were analyzed by Interphase Multicolor FISH (MFISH), Quantitative Fluorescent in situ Hybridization (QFISH) specially designed to register rare mosaic chromosomal mutations such as lowlevel aneuploidy (whole chromosome mosaic deletion/duplication). The low-level mosaic aneuploidy in the diseased brain demonstrated significant 2-3-fold frequency increase in schizophrenia (p=0.0028) and 4-fold increase in intellectual disability comorbid with autism (p=0.0037) compared to unaffected controls. Strong associations of low-level autosomal/sex chromosome aneuploidy (p=0.001, OR=19.0) and sex chromosome-specific mosaic aneuploidy (p=0.006, OR=9.6) with schizophrenia were revealed. CONCLUSION Reviewing these data and literature supports the hypothesis suggesting that an association of low-level mosaic aneuploidy with common and, probably, overlapping psychiatric disorders does exist. Accordingly, we propose a pathway for common neuropsychiatric disorders involving increased burden of rare de novo somatic chromosomal mutations manifesting as low-level mosaic aneuploidy mediating local and general brain dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri B. Yurov
- Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Separated Structural Unit “Clinical Research Institute of Pediatrics named after Y.E Veltishev”, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana G. Vorsanova
- Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Separated Structural Unit “Clinical Research Institute of Pediatrics named after Y.E Veltishev”, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Irina A. Demidova
- Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Separated Structural Unit “Clinical Research Institute of Pediatrics named after Y.E Veltishev”, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexei D. Kolotii
- Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Separated Structural Unit “Clinical Research Institute of Pediatrics named after Y.E Veltishev”, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Ivan Y. Iourov
- Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Separated Structural Unit “Clinical Research Institute of Pediatrics named after Y.E Veltishev”, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Department of Medical Genetics, Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russian Federation
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van Batenburg AA, Kazemier KM, Peeters T, van Oosterhout MFM, van der Vis JJ, Grutters JC, Goldschmeding R, van Moorsel CHM. Cell Type-Specific Quantification of Telomere Length and DNA Double-strand Breaks in Individual Lung Cells by Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization and Fluorescent Immunohistochemistry. J Histochem Cytochem 2018. [PMID: 29529386 DOI: 10.1369/0022155418761351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are small repetitive DNA sequences at the ends of chromosomes which act as a buffer in age-dependent DNA shortening. Insufficient telomere repeats will be recognized as double-strand breaks. Presently, it is becoming more evident that telomere attrition, whether or not caused by mutations in telomere maintenance genes, plays an important role in many inflammatory and age-associated diseases. In this report, a method to (semi)quantitatively assess telomere length and DNA double-strand breaks in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue is described. Therefore, a novel combination of quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization, tissue elution, and immunofluorescence staining techniques was developed. Caveolin-1 (type 1 pneumocytes), pro-surfactant protein C (type 2 pneumocytes), club cell-10 (club cells), and alpha smooth muscle actin (smooth muscle cells) markers were used to identify cell types. To visualize all the different probes, restaining the tissue by heat-mediated slide elution is essential. Fluorescent signals of telomeres and DNA double-strand breaks were quantified using the Telometer plugin of ImageJ. As example, we analyzed lung tissue from a familial pulmonary fibrosis patient with a mutation in the telomere-associated gene poly(A)-specific ribonuclease ( PARN). The protocol displays a novel opportunity to directly quantitatively link DNA double-strand breaks to telomere length in specific FFPE cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aernoud A van Batenburg
- Department of Pulmonology, St Antonius ILD Center of Excellence, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Karin M Kazemier
- Department of Pulmonology, St Antonius ILD Center of Excellence, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands.,Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ton Peeters
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Joanne J van der Vis
- Department of Pulmonology, St Antonius ILD Center of Excellence, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Chemistry, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Jan C Grutters
- Department of Pulmonology, St Antonius ILD Center of Excellence, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands.,Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Roel Goldschmeding
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Coline H M van Moorsel
- Department of Pulmonology, St Antonius ILD Center of Excellence, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands.,Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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